De la hache à la tronçonneuse : transformations, résistances et évolution du rapport au territoire chez les Cris de la Baie James (Québec)

Through an ethnographic approach, characterized by a long and inductive fieldwork, the author of this thesis analyses the transformations faced by the Cree of James Bay (Northern Quebec) following the agreement called the "Peace of the Braves ". The latter, signed in 2002, approved the Eas...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Chaplier, Mélanie
Other Authors: UCL - SSH/IACS - Institute of Analysis of Change in Contemporary and Historical Societies, UCL - Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales, politiques et de communication, Mazzocchetti , Jacinthe, Scott , Colin, Morantz, Toby, Servais, Olivier, Strivay, Lucienne, Laugrand, Frédéric, Laurent, Pierre-Joseph
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:French
Published: 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/165299
Description
Summary:Through an ethnographic approach, characterized by a long and inductive fieldwork, the author of this thesis analyses the transformations faced by the Cree of James Bay (Northern Quebec) following the agreement called the "Peace of the Braves ". The latter, signed in 2002, approved the Eastmain-Rupert hydroelectric project and redefined the partnership between the Cree, the State, Hydro-Québec and various other economic actors. The research displays the multiple aspects of this redefinition, characterized by a renewed relationship between the Crees and their territory, which can be seen as the matrix of their identity. As much their involvement in the megaprojects of resource exploitation as the persistence of their animist ontology and their hunting practices are analyzed. Based on a meticulous and nuanced portrait of the inhabitants of Nemaska, the study also questions the global issues (ontological, social and economic) of territorial agreements and the consequences for Aboriginal people of their increasing integration in the neoliberal model of a globalized Canada. À travers une approche ethnographique, caractérisée par un terrain long et inductif, l'auteure de cette thèse étudie les processus de transformation en cours chez les Cris de la Baie James (Nord du Québec) induits par l'entente dite de la « Paix des Braves ». Cette dernière, signée en 2002, a entériné le projet hydroélectrique Eastmain-Rupert et a redéfini les relations de partenariat entre les Cris, l'État, Hydro-Québec et divers acteurs économiques. La recherche expose les multiples facettes qui, suite à cette redéfinition, caractérisent aujourd'hui le rapport des Cris à leur territoire, matrice de leur identité. Tant leur implication dans les mégaprojets d'exploitation des ressources que la persistance de leur ontologie animiste et de leurs pratiques de chasse y sont analysées. Sur la base d'un portrait fouillé et nuancé des habitants de Nemaska, cette étude questionne également les enjeux globaux (fonciers, ...