Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production
Increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 are in dynamic equilibrium with the oceans. The absorption of CO2 by seawater causes a decrease in seawater pH and calcite saturation state (SS). This process, termed ocean acidification, exerts deleterious effects on marine calcifiers. Studies of symbion...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Digital Commons @ University of South Florida
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5053 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6249/viewcontent/Knorr_usf_0206D_12334.pdf |
id |
ftunisfloridatam:oai:digitalcommons.usf.edu:etd-6249 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunisfloridatam:oai:digitalcommons.usf.edu:etd-6249 2023-06-11T04:15:39+02:00 Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production Knorr, Paul O. 2014-04-15T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5053 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6249/viewcontent/Knorr_usf_0206D_12334.pdf unknown Digital Commons @ University of South Florida https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5053 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6249/viewcontent/Knorr_usf_0206D_12334.pdf default USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations acidification benthic carbonate florida foraminifera ocean Geochemistry Geographic Information Sciences Geology dissertation 2014 ftunisfloridatam 2023-05-04T18:04:24Z Increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 are in dynamic equilibrium with the oceans. The absorption of CO2 by seawater causes a decrease in seawater pH and calcite saturation state (SS). This process, termed ocean acidification, exerts deleterious effects on marine calcifiers. Studies of symbiont-bearing large benthic foraminifera (LBF) have reported a generally unfavorable response to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide ([CO2]). Experiments and analyses were undertaken to examine the effect of increased [CO2] on the growth rate, ultrastructure, stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen, as well as Mg/Ca of the high-Mg miliolid Archaias angulatus and the low-Mg rotalid Amphistegina gibbosa. A CO2-injection culture study was performed at pH 8.0, 7.8 and 7.6, corresponding to CO2 concentrations of approximately 400 ppm, 800 ppm, and 1,300 ppm. After 2, 4, or 6 weeks of treatment, bags containing groups of approximately 20 previously-imaged live specimens were removed and prepared for the aforementioned analyses. Archaias angulatus responded to increased [CO2] by reducing test growth rate at 1,300 ppm CO2 (pH 7.6) by 50% (p < 0.01, r2 = 36%), increasing its pore area (F(2,3477) = 103.37, p West Florida shelf LBF carbonate production attributed to LBF was estimated by combining interpolations of SS calcite at three treatment levels, corresponding to pH 8.1 (400 ppm CO2), pH 7.8 (800 ppm CO2), and pH 7.6 (1,300 ppm CO2), with a map of the carbonate fraction of seafloor sediment. Growth rates for 10 species were estimated in a meta-analysis of culture studies; these rates were used to model the response of miliolids and rotalids to increased [CO2]. In the model, rotalids responded to higher CO2 concentrations by reducing their average adult size by 20% at 800 ppm CO2 and 40% at 1,300 ppm CO2. Miliolids responded by reducing their average adult size by 40% at 800 ppm CO2 and 75% at 1,300 ppm CO2. Modeled LBF carbonate production for the west Florida shelf is 7 Mt at 400 ppm, 4.8 Mt at 800 ppm, and 2.5 Mt at ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Ocean acidification Digital Commons University of South Florida (USF) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital Commons University of South Florida (USF) |
op_collection_id |
ftunisfloridatam |
language |
unknown |
topic |
acidification benthic carbonate florida foraminifera ocean Geochemistry Geographic Information Sciences Geology |
spellingShingle |
acidification benthic carbonate florida foraminifera ocean Geochemistry Geographic Information Sciences Geology Knorr, Paul O. Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production |
topic_facet |
acidification benthic carbonate florida foraminifera ocean Geochemistry Geographic Information Sciences Geology |
description |
Increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 are in dynamic equilibrium with the oceans. The absorption of CO2 by seawater causes a decrease in seawater pH and calcite saturation state (SS). This process, termed ocean acidification, exerts deleterious effects on marine calcifiers. Studies of symbiont-bearing large benthic foraminifera (LBF) have reported a generally unfavorable response to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide ([CO2]). Experiments and analyses were undertaken to examine the effect of increased [CO2] on the growth rate, ultrastructure, stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen, as well as Mg/Ca of the high-Mg miliolid Archaias angulatus and the low-Mg rotalid Amphistegina gibbosa. A CO2-injection culture study was performed at pH 8.0, 7.8 and 7.6, corresponding to CO2 concentrations of approximately 400 ppm, 800 ppm, and 1,300 ppm. After 2, 4, or 6 weeks of treatment, bags containing groups of approximately 20 previously-imaged live specimens were removed and prepared for the aforementioned analyses. Archaias angulatus responded to increased [CO2] by reducing test growth rate at 1,300 ppm CO2 (pH 7.6) by 50% (p < 0.01, r2 = 36%), increasing its pore area (F(2,3477) = 103.37, p West Florida shelf LBF carbonate production attributed to LBF was estimated by combining interpolations of SS calcite at three treatment levels, corresponding to pH 8.1 (400 ppm CO2), pH 7.8 (800 ppm CO2), and pH 7.6 (1,300 ppm CO2), with a map of the carbonate fraction of seafloor sediment. Growth rates for 10 species were estimated in a meta-analysis of culture studies; these rates were used to model the response of miliolids and rotalids to increased [CO2]. In the model, rotalids responded to higher CO2 concentrations by reducing their average adult size by 20% at 800 ppm CO2 and 40% at 1,300 ppm CO2. Miliolids responded by reducing their average adult size by 40% at 800 ppm CO2 and 75% at 1,300 ppm CO2. Modeled LBF carbonate production for the west Florida shelf is 7 Mt at 400 ppm, 4.8 Mt at 800 ppm, and 2.5 Mt at ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Knorr, Paul O. |
author_facet |
Knorr, Paul O. |
author_sort |
Knorr, Paul O. |
title |
Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production |
title_short |
Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production |
title_full |
Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production |
title_fullStr |
Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production |
title_full_unstemmed |
Response of Benthic Foraminifera to Ocean Acidification and Impact on Florida's Carbonate Sediment Production |
title_sort |
response of benthic foraminifera to ocean acidification and impact on florida's carbonate sediment production |
publisher |
Digital Commons @ University of South Florida |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5053 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6249/viewcontent/Knorr_usf_0206D_12334.pdf |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5053 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6249/viewcontent/Knorr_usf_0206D_12334.pdf |
op_rights |
default |
_version_ |
1768372627972292608 |