Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes
BackgroundGlobal warming is affecting all cold environments, including the European Alps and Arctic regions. Here, permafrost may be considered a unique ecosystem harboring a distinct microbiome. The frequent freeze-thaw cycles occurring in permafrost-affected soils, and mainly in the seasonally act...
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ftuniperugiairis:oai:research.unipg.it:11391/1565794 2024-02-11T10:00:24+01:00 Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat 2023 https://hdl.handle.net/11391/1565794 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/37328770 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:001009195900001 volume:18 issue:1 firstpage:54 journal:ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME https://hdl.handle.net/11391/1565794 doi:10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85161984532 Active layer European alps Functionality High Arctic Metagenome Permafrost info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2023 ftuniperugiairis https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 2024-01-24T17:35:44Z BackgroundGlobal warming is affecting all cold environments, including the European Alps and Arctic regions. Here, permafrost may be considered a unique ecosystem harboring a distinct microbiome. The frequent freeze-thaw cycles occurring in permafrost-affected soils, and mainly in the seasonally active top layers, modify microbial communities and consequently ecosystem processes. Although taxonomic responses of the microbiomes in permafrost-affected soils have been widely documented, studies about how the microbial genetic potential, especially pathways involved in C and N cycling, changes between active-layer soils and permafrost soils are rare. Here, we used shotgun metagenomics to analyze the microbial and functional diversity and the metabolic potential of permafrost-affected soil collected from an alpine site (Val Lavirun, Engadin area, Switzerland) and a High Arctic site (Station Nord, Villum Research Station, Greenland). The main goal was to discover the key genes abundant in the active-layer and permafrost soils, with the purpose to highlight the potential role of the functional genes found.ResultsWe observed differences between the alpine and High Arctic sites in alpha- and beta-diversity, and in EggNOG, CAZy, and NCyc datasets. In the High Arctic site, the metagenome in permafrost soil had an overrepresentation (relative to that in active-layer soil) of genes involved in lipid transport by fatty acid desaturate and ABC transporters, i.e. genes that are useful in preventing microorganisms from freezing by increasing membrane fluidity, and genes involved in cell defense mechanisms. The majority of CAZy and NCyc genes were overrepresented in permafrost soils relative to active-layer soils in both localities, with genes involved in the degradation of carbon substrates and in the degradation of N compounds indicating high microbial activity in permafrost in response to climate warming.ConclusionsOur study on the functional characteristics of permafrost microbiomes underlines the remarkably high functional ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland permafrost IRIS Università degli Studi di Perugia Arctic Greenland Station Nord ENVELOPE(-16.663,-16.663,81.599,81.599) Environmental Microbiome 18 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
IRIS Università degli Studi di Perugia |
op_collection_id |
ftuniperugiairis |
language |
English |
topic |
Active layer European alps Functionality High Arctic Metagenome Permafrost |
spellingShingle |
Active layer European alps Functionality High Arctic Metagenome Permafrost Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
topic_facet |
Active layer European alps Functionality High Arctic Metagenome Permafrost |
description |
BackgroundGlobal warming is affecting all cold environments, including the European Alps and Arctic regions. Here, permafrost may be considered a unique ecosystem harboring a distinct microbiome. The frequent freeze-thaw cycles occurring in permafrost-affected soils, and mainly in the seasonally active top layers, modify microbial communities and consequently ecosystem processes. Although taxonomic responses of the microbiomes in permafrost-affected soils have been widely documented, studies about how the microbial genetic potential, especially pathways involved in C and N cycling, changes between active-layer soils and permafrost soils are rare. Here, we used shotgun metagenomics to analyze the microbial and functional diversity and the metabolic potential of permafrost-affected soil collected from an alpine site (Val Lavirun, Engadin area, Switzerland) and a High Arctic site (Station Nord, Villum Research Station, Greenland). The main goal was to discover the key genes abundant in the active-layer and permafrost soils, with the purpose to highlight the potential role of the functional genes found.ResultsWe observed differences between the alpine and High Arctic sites in alpha- and beta-diversity, and in EggNOG, CAZy, and NCyc datasets. In the High Arctic site, the metagenome in permafrost soil had an overrepresentation (relative to that in active-layer soil) of genes involved in lipid transport by fatty acid desaturate and ABC transporters, i.e. genes that are useful in preventing microorganisms from freezing by increasing membrane fluidity, and genes involved in cell defense mechanisms. The majority of CAZy and NCyc genes were overrepresented in permafrost soils relative to active-layer soils in both localities, with genes involved in the degradation of carbon substrates and in the degradation of N compounds indicating high microbial activity in permafrost in response to climate warming.ConclusionsOur study on the functional characteristics of permafrost microbiomes underlines the remarkably high functional ... |
author2 |
Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat |
author_facet |
Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat |
author_sort |
Sannino, Ciro |
title |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_short |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_full |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_fullStr |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_sort |
distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11391/1565794 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.663,-16.663,81.599,81.599) |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland Station Nord |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland Station Nord |
genre |
Arctic Greenland permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland permafrost |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/37328770 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:001009195900001 volume:18 issue:1 firstpage:54 journal:ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME https://hdl.handle.net/11391/1565794 doi:10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85161984532 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 |
container_title |
Environmental Microbiome |
container_volume |
18 |
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1 |
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1790596102433538048 |