Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes

Karymsky Volcanic Centre (KVC) at the middle of the frontal volcanic chain of the Kamchatka arc consists of two joined calderas (Akademii Nauk and Karymsky volcano) and hosts two hydrothermal systems: Akademii Nauk (AN) and Karymsky (K). The AN is a typical boiling system, with Na-Cl waters (TDS ~ 1...

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Published in:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Main Authors: Yuri Taran, Elena Kalacheva, Salvatore Inguaggiato, Carlo Cardellini, Gennady Karpov
Other Authors: Taran, Yuri, Kalacheva, Elena, Inguaggiato, Salvatore, Cardellini, Carlo, Karpov, Gennady
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/11391/1410345
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.023
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spelling ftuniperugiairis:oai:research.unipg.it:11391/1410345 2024-04-14T08:14:11+00:00 Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes Yuri Taran Elena Kalacheva Salvatore Inguaggiato Carlo Cardellini Gennady Karpov Taran, Yuri Kalacheva, Elena Inguaggiato, Salvatore Cardellini, Carlo Karpov, Gennady 2017 STAMPA http://hdl.handle.net/11391/1410345 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.023 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000419416500005 volume:346 firstpage:28 lastpage:39 numberofpages:12 journal:JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH http://hdl.handle.net/11391/1410345 doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.023 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85020130951 Volcano-hydrothermal systems Karymsky volcano Hot springs Solute flux Heat output Water-rock interaction info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2017 ftuniperugiairis https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.023 2024-03-21T15:53:39Z Karymsky Volcanic Centre (KVC) at the middle of the frontal volcanic chain of the Kamchatka arc consists of two joined calderas (Akademii Nauk and Karymsky volcano) and hosts two hydrothermal systems: Akademii Nauk (AN) and Karymsky (K). The AN is a typical boiling system, with Na-Cl waters (TDS ~ 1 g/l), low gas content (CO2-N2), with deep calculated temperatures of ~ 200 °C. In contrast, springs of the K system have lower temperatures (up to 42 °C), strong gas bubbling, TDS ~ 2.5 g/l, and are enriched in HCO3− and SO42 −, with Mg2 + as the main cation. There are two intriguing characteristics of the K field: (i) their CO2-rich gas (> 97 mol%) has the highest 3He/4He ratios ever measured for hydrothermal systems in Kamchatka of ~ 8 Ra (where Ra = 1.4 × 10− 6) and (ii) their thermal waters have an unusual cation composition (Mg > Na > Ca). After the 1996 sublimnic eruption within AN caldera, new hot springs appeared close to the eruption site. In this paper we synthesize all published and new geochemical data sets. The Karymsky Lake and post-1996 new thermal springs demonstrate exponential decreases in their main dissolved species, with a characteristic time of 5 to 8 years. The chemistry of AN and K springs did not change after the eruption. However, the concentration of chloride in the lake water approached ~ 35 mg/l, compared with a background of 8–11 mg/l revealing a possible new source of hot water within the Karymsky Lake. All thermal fields of the KVC are drained by the Karymsky River with an outflow rate at the source of ~ 2 m3/s (flowing out from Karymsky Lake) and at the exit from the Karymsky caldera of ~ 4.5 m3/s. Using the measured solute fluxes at the source (AN springs) and at the exit (AN + K springs) the natural heat flux from the two systems can be estimated as ~ 67 MW and ~ 120 MW, respectively, and ≥ 20 t/d for the chloride output from both systems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Kamchatka IRIS Università degli Studi di Perugia Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 346 28 39
institution Open Polar
collection IRIS Università degli Studi di Perugia
op_collection_id ftuniperugiairis
language English
topic Volcano-hydrothermal systems
Karymsky volcano
Hot springs
Solute flux
Heat output
Water-rock interaction
spellingShingle Volcano-hydrothermal systems
Karymsky volcano
Hot springs
Solute flux
Heat output
Water-rock interaction
Yuri Taran
Elena Kalacheva
Salvatore Inguaggiato
Carlo Cardellini
Gennady Karpov
Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes
topic_facet Volcano-hydrothermal systems
Karymsky volcano
Hot springs
Solute flux
Heat output
Water-rock interaction
description Karymsky Volcanic Centre (KVC) at the middle of the frontal volcanic chain of the Kamchatka arc consists of two joined calderas (Akademii Nauk and Karymsky volcano) and hosts two hydrothermal systems: Akademii Nauk (AN) and Karymsky (K). The AN is a typical boiling system, with Na-Cl waters (TDS ~ 1 g/l), low gas content (CO2-N2), with deep calculated temperatures of ~ 200 °C. In contrast, springs of the K system have lower temperatures (up to 42 °C), strong gas bubbling, TDS ~ 2.5 g/l, and are enriched in HCO3− and SO42 −, with Mg2 + as the main cation. There are two intriguing characteristics of the K field: (i) their CO2-rich gas (> 97 mol%) has the highest 3He/4He ratios ever measured for hydrothermal systems in Kamchatka of ~ 8 Ra (where Ra = 1.4 × 10− 6) and (ii) their thermal waters have an unusual cation composition (Mg > Na > Ca). After the 1996 sublimnic eruption within AN caldera, new hot springs appeared close to the eruption site. In this paper we synthesize all published and new geochemical data sets. The Karymsky Lake and post-1996 new thermal springs demonstrate exponential decreases in their main dissolved species, with a characteristic time of 5 to 8 years. The chemistry of AN and K springs did not change after the eruption. However, the concentration of chloride in the lake water approached ~ 35 mg/l, compared with a background of 8–11 mg/l revealing a possible new source of hot water within the Karymsky Lake. All thermal fields of the KVC are drained by the Karymsky River with an outflow rate at the source of ~ 2 m3/s (flowing out from Karymsky Lake) and at the exit from the Karymsky caldera of ~ 4.5 m3/s. Using the measured solute fluxes at the source (AN springs) and at the exit (AN + K springs) the natural heat flux from the two systems can be estimated as ~ 67 MW and ~ 120 MW, respectively, and ≥ 20 t/d for the chloride output from both systems.
author2 Taran, Yuri
Kalacheva, Elena
Inguaggiato, Salvatore
Cardellini, Carlo
Karpov, Gennady
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Yuri Taran
Elena Kalacheva
Salvatore Inguaggiato
Carlo Cardellini
Gennady Karpov
author_facet Yuri Taran
Elena Kalacheva
Salvatore Inguaggiato
Carlo Cardellini
Gennady Karpov
author_sort Yuri Taran
title Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes
title_short Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes
title_full Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes
title_fullStr Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes
title_full_unstemmed Hydrothermal systems of the Karymsky Volcanic Centre, Kamchatka: Geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes
title_sort hydrothermal systems of the karymsky volcanic centre, kamchatka: geochemistry, time evolution and solute fluxes
publishDate 2017
url http://hdl.handle.net/11391/1410345
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.023
genre Kamchatka
genre_facet Kamchatka
op_relation info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000419416500005
volume:346
firstpage:28
lastpage:39
numberofpages:12
journal:JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
http://hdl.handle.net/11391/1410345
doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.023
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85020130951
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.023
container_title Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
container_volume 346
container_start_page 28
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