Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks
International audience Planktonic foraminiferal species identification is central to many paleoceanographic studies, from selecting species for geochemical research to elucidating the biotic dynamics of microfossil communities relevant to physical oceanographic processes and interconnected phenomena...
Published in: | Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2019
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-02975093 https://hal.science/hal-02975093/document https://hal.science/hal-02975093/file/2019PA003612.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003612 |
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openpolar |
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Open Polar |
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Archives ouvertes de Paris-Saclay |
op_collection_id |
ftuniparissaclay |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment Hsiang, Allison Brombacher, Anieke Rillo, Marina Mleneck‐vautravers, Maryline Conn, Stephen Lordsmith, Sian Jentzen, Anna Henehan, Michael Metcalfe, Brett Fenton, Isabel Wade, Bridget Fox, Lyndsey Meilland, Julie Davis, Catherine Baranowski, Ulrike Groeneveld, Jeroen Edgar, Kirsty Movellan, Aurore Aze, Tracy Dowsett, Harry Miller, C. Giles Rios, Nelson Hull, Pincelli Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment |
description |
International audience Planktonic foraminiferal species identification is central to many paleoceanographic studies, from selecting species for geochemical research to elucidating the biotic dynamics of microfossil communities relevant to physical oceanographic processes and interconnected phenomena such as climate change. However, few resources exist to train students in the difficult task of discerning amongst closely related species, resulting in diverging taxonomic schools that differ in species concepts and boundaries. This problem is exacerbated by the limited number of taxonomic experts. Here we document our initial progress toward removing these confounding and/or rate-limiting factors by generating the first extensive image library of modern planktonic foraminifera, providing digital taxonomic training tools and resources, and automating species-level taxonomic identification of planktonic foraminifera via machine learning using convolution neural networks. Experts identified 34,640 images of modern (extant) planktonic foraminifera to the species level. These images are served as species exemplars through the online portal Endless Forams (endlessforams.org) and a taxonomic training portal hosted on the citizen science platform Zooniverse (zooniverse.org/projects/ahsiang/ endless-forams/). A supervised machine learning classifier was then trained with~27,000 images of these identified planktonic foraminifera. The best-performing model provided the correct species name for an image in the validation set 87.4% of the time and included the correct name in its top three guesses 97.7% of the time. Together, these resources provide a rigorous set of training tools in modern planktonic foraminiferal taxonomy and a means of rapidly generating assemblage data via machine learning in future studies for applications such as paleotemperature reconstruction. |
author2 |
Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM) National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC) University of Southampton Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam (VU) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hsiang, Allison Brombacher, Anieke Rillo, Marina Mleneck‐vautravers, Maryline Conn, Stephen Lordsmith, Sian Jentzen, Anna Henehan, Michael Metcalfe, Brett Fenton, Isabel Wade, Bridget Fox, Lyndsey Meilland, Julie Davis, Catherine Baranowski, Ulrike Groeneveld, Jeroen Edgar, Kirsty Movellan, Aurore Aze, Tracy Dowsett, Harry Miller, C. Giles Rios, Nelson Hull, Pincelli |
author_facet |
Hsiang, Allison Brombacher, Anieke Rillo, Marina Mleneck‐vautravers, Maryline Conn, Stephen Lordsmith, Sian Jentzen, Anna Henehan, Michael Metcalfe, Brett Fenton, Isabel Wade, Bridget Fox, Lyndsey Meilland, Julie Davis, Catherine Baranowski, Ulrike Groeneveld, Jeroen Edgar, Kirsty Movellan, Aurore Aze, Tracy Dowsett, Harry Miller, C. Giles Rios, Nelson Hull, Pincelli |
author_sort |
Hsiang, Allison |
title |
Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks |
title_short |
Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks |
title_full |
Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks |
title_fullStr |
Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks |
title_full_unstemmed |
Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks |
title_sort |
endless forams: >34,000 modern planktonic foraminiferal images for taxonomic training and automated species recognition using convolutional neural networks |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-02975093 https://hal.science/hal-02975093/document https://hal.science/hal-02975093/file/2019PA003612.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003612 |
genre |
Planktonic foraminifera |
genre_facet |
Planktonic foraminifera |
op_source |
ISSN: 2572-4525 EISSN: 1944-9186 Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology https://hal.science/hal-02975093 Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 2019, 34 (7), pp.1157-1177. ⟨10.1029/2019PA003612⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2019PA003612 hal-02975093 https://hal.science/hal-02975093 https://hal.science/hal-02975093/document https://hal.science/hal-02975093/file/2019PA003612.pdf doi:10.1029/2019PA003612 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003612 |
container_title |
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology |
container_volume |
34 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1157 |
op_container_end_page |
1177 |
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1812180587388076032 |
spelling |
ftuniparissaclay:oai:HAL:hal-02975093v1 2024-10-06T13:52:15+00:00 Endless Forams: >34,000 Modern Planktonic Foraminiferal Images for Taxonomic Training and Automated Species Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks Hsiang, Allison Brombacher, Anieke Rillo, Marina Mleneck‐vautravers, Maryline Conn, Stephen Lordsmith, Sian Jentzen, Anna Henehan, Michael Metcalfe, Brett Fenton, Isabel Wade, Bridget Fox, Lyndsey Meilland, Julie Davis, Catherine Baranowski, Ulrike Groeneveld, Jeroen Edgar, Kirsty Movellan, Aurore Aze, Tracy Dowsett, Harry Miller, C. Giles Rios, Nelson Hull, Pincelli Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM) National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC) University of Southampton Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam (VU) 2019-07-30 https://hal.science/hal-02975093 https://hal.science/hal-02975093/document https://hal.science/hal-02975093/file/2019PA003612.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003612 en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2019PA003612 hal-02975093 https://hal.science/hal-02975093 https://hal.science/hal-02975093/document https://hal.science/hal-02975093/file/2019PA003612.pdf doi:10.1029/2019PA003612 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2572-4525 EISSN: 1944-9186 Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology https://hal.science/hal-02975093 Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 2019, 34 (7), pp.1157-1177. ⟨10.1029/2019PA003612⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2019 ftuniparissaclay https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003612 2024-09-06T00:30:31Z International audience Planktonic foraminiferal species identification is central to many paleoceanographic studies, from selecting species for geochemical research to elucidating the biotic dynamics of microfossil communities relevant to physical oceanographic processes and interconnected phenomena such as climate change. However, few resources exist to train students in the difficult task of discerning amongst closely related species, resulting in diverging taxonomic schools that differ in species concepts and boundaries. This problem is exacerbated by the limited number of taxonomic experts. Here we document our initial progress toward removing these confounding and/or rate-limiting factors by generating the first extensive image library of modern planktonic foraminifera, providing digital taxonomic training tools and resources, and automating species-level taxonomic identification of planktonic foraminifera via machine learning using convolution neural networks. Experts identified 34,640 images of modern (extant) planktonic foraminifera to the species level. These images are served as species exemplars through the online portal Endless Forams (endlessforams.org) and a taxonomic training portal hosted on the citizen science platform Zooniverse (zooniverse.org/projects/ahsiang/ endless-forams/). A supervised machine learning classifier was then trained with~27,000 images of these identified planktonic foraminifera. The best-performing model provided the correct species name for an image in the validation set 87.4% of the time and included the correct name in its top three guesses 97.7% of the time. Together, these resources provide a rigorous set of training tools in modern planktonic foraminiferal taxonomy and a means of rapidly generating assemblage data via machine learning in future studies for applications such as paleotemperature reconstruction. Article in Journal/Newspaper Planktonic foraminifera Archives ouvertes de Paris-Saclay Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 34 7 1157 1177 |