Anatomy of an extinct magmatic system along a divergent plate boundary: Alftafjordur, Iceland

• Published in: Geophysical Research Letters
• Main Authors: Urbani, S., Trippanera, D., Porreca, M., Kissel, C., Acocella, V.
• Other Authors: Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche Roma TRE, Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Climat et Magnétisme (CLIMAG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA))
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2015
• Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean; Atmosphere; [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces; environment; Iceland
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-01806105; https://hal.science/hal-01806105v1/document; https://hal.science/hal-01806105v1/file/2015GL065087.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065087

International audience Recent rifting episodes highlight the role of magmatic systems with propagating dikes on crustal spreading. However, our knowledge of magmatic systems is usually limited to surface observations and geophysical data. Eastern Iceland allows direct access to extinct and eroded deeper magmatic systems. Here we collected field structural and AMS (anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility) data on 187 and 19 dikes, respectively, in the 10-12 Ma old Alftafjordur magmatic system. At a paleodepth of~1.5 km, the extension due to diking is at least 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than that induced by regional tectonics, confirming magmatism as the key mechanism for crustal spreading. This magma-induced extension, inferred from the aspect ratio of the magmatic system, was of~8 mm/yr, lower than the present one. AMS data suggest that most of dikes have geometrically normal fabric, at least at the margins, consistent with prevalent subvertical magma flow and propagation.