Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars
International audience Basaltic sands cover several plains in volcanic regions on Earth and dominate the aeolian sediments on Mars but basaltic sands are not as well characterized as felsic sands. The Lambahraun sandy-lava plain in Iceland was chosen as a martian analog to study the physical sorting...
Published in: | Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2011
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-00628120 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 |
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ftuniparissaclay:oai:HAL:hal-00628120v1 |
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Open Polar |
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Archives ouvertes de Paris-Saclay |
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ftuniparissaclay |
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English |
topic |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Mangold, N. Baratoux, David Arnalds, O. Bardintzeff, J.M. Platevoët, B. Grégoire, G. Pinet, P. Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
International audience Basaltic sands cover several plains in volcanic regions on Earth and dominate the aeolian sediments on Mars but basaltic sands are not as well characterized as felsic sands. The Lambahraun sandy-lava plain in Iceland was chosen as a martian analog to study the physical sorting of basaltic sands. The strong winds affecting the plain and its young age (<4000 yr) have preserved unaltered sand grains. Sands displayed subtle differences in bulk chemical composition from the basaltic source rocks suggesting that mineral abundances are modified by the aeolian transport. A paired enrichment in Mg and Ni in sands relative to the source rock is observed and results from a higher proportion of olivine grains in sand. This enrichment is variable among sand samples and is correlated with the decrease of the mean grain size of sand; a value related to the degree of aeolian sorting. This enrichment is explained by the presence of well-developed olivine minerals (100 to 500 pm in length) in the source rocks, olivine hardness and density, and the removal of plagioclases. As olivine has been detected by spectral data in several sand dunes on Mars, these results have important implications for martian studies. It shows that olivine abundances deduced from spectral data on martian sand dunes could overestimate that of the source rocks, whereas the presence of a few percents of olivine in the rocks can cause olivine enrichment by aeolian processes. In general, our results show that mineral segregation in basaltic sands should be considered when mineralogical and chemical data of the Mars surface are interpreted. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes UMR 6112 (LPGN) Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Services communs OMP (UMS 831) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES) Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres - Académie de Versailles (IUFM Versailles) Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP) Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mangold, N. Baratoux, David Arnalds, O. Bardintzeff, J.M. Platevoët, B. Grégoire, G. Pinet, P. |
author_facet |
Mangold, N. Baratoux, David Arnalds, O. Bardintzeff, J.M. Platevoët, B. Grégoire, G. Pinet, P. |
author_sort |
Mangold, N. |
title |
Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars |
title_short |
Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars |
title_full |
Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars |
title_fullStr |
Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars |
title_full_unstemmed |
Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars |
title_sort |
segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in iceland and implications for mars |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00628120 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal.science/hal-00628120 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2011, 310 ((3-4):), pp.233-243 (IF 4,279). ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 hal-00628120 https://hal.science/hal-00628120 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 |
container_title |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
container_volume |
310 |
container_issue |
3-4 |
container_start_page |
233 |
op_container_end_page |
243 |
_version_ |
1810451438208286720 |
spelling |
ftuniparissaclay:oai:HAL:hal-00628120v1 2024-09-15T18:13:41+00:00 Segregation of olivine grains in volcanic sands in Iceland and implications for Mars Mangold, N. Baratoux, David Arnalds, O. Bardintzeff, J.M. Platevoët, B. Grégoire, G. Pinet, P. Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes UMR 6112 (LPGN) Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Services communs OMP (UMS 831) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES) Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres - Académie de Versailles (IUFM Versailles) Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP) Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2011 https://hal.science/hal-00628120 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 hal-00628120 https://hal.science/hal-00628120 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal.science/hal-00628120 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2011, 310 ((3-4):), pp.233-243 (IF 4,279). ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025⟩ [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2011 ftuniparissaclay https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.025 2024-08-30T01:48:43Z International audience Basaltic sands cover several plains in volcanic regions on Earth and dominate the aeolian sediments on Mars but basaltic sands are not as well characterized as felsic sands. The Lambahraun sandy-lava plain in Iceland was chosen as a martian analog to study the physical sorting of basaltic sands. The strong winds affecting the plain and its young age (<4000 yr) have preserved unaltered sand grains. Sands displayed subtle differences in bulk chemical composition from the basaltic source rocks suggesting that mineral abundances are modified by the aeolian transport. A paired enrichment in Mg and Ni in sands relative to the source rock is observed and results from a higher proportion of olivine grains in sand. This enrichment is variable among sand samples and is correlated with the decrease of the mean grain size of sand; a value related to the degree of aeolian sorting. This enrichment is explained by the presence of well-developed olivine minerals (100 to 500 pm in length) in the source rocks, olivine hardness and density, and the removal of plagioclases. As olivine has been detected by spectral data in several sand dunes on Mars, these results have important implications for martian studies. It shows that olivine abundances deduced from spectral data on martian sand dunes could overestimate that of the source rocks, whereas the presence of a few percents of olivine in the rocks can cause olivine enrichment by aeolian processes. In general, our results show that mineral segregation in basaltic sands should be considered when mineralogical and chemical data of the Mars surface are interpreted. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Archives ouvertes de Paris-Saclay Earth and Planetary Science Letters 310 3-4 233 243 |