Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system
The large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system is examined, focusing on the period 1960 onward. Special attention is paid to the Ob, Yenisey, Lena, and Mackenzie watersheds, which provide the bulk of freshwater discharge to the Arctic Ocean. Station data are used to comp...
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2002
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ftuninhampshire:oai:scholars.unh.edu:faculty_pubs-1141 2023-05-15T14:53:02+02:00 Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system Serreze, Mark C. Bromwich, David H. Clark, Martyn P. Etringer, Andrew J. Zhang, Tingjun Lammers, Richard B. 2002-11-12T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://scholars.unh.edu/faculty_pubs/142 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1141&context=faculty_pubs unknown University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository https://scholars.unh.edu/faculty_pubs/142 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1141&context=faculty_pubs Copyright 2002 by the American Geophysical Union. Faculty Publications text 2002 ftuninhampshire 2023-01-30T21:49:32Z The large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system is examined, focusing on the period 1960 onward. Special attention is paid to the Ob, Yenisey, Lena, and Mackenzie watersheds, which provide the bulk of freshwater discharge to the Arctic Ocean. Station data are used to compile monthly gridded time series of gauge‐corrected precipitation (P). Gridded time series of precipitation minus evapotranspiration (P−ET) are calculated from the moisture flux convergence using NCEP reanalysis data. Estimates of ET are obtained as a residual. Runoff (R) is obtained from available discharge records. For long‐term water‐year means, P−ET for the Yenisey, Lena, and Mackenzie watersheds is 16–20% lower than the observed runoff. In the Ob watershed, the two values agree within 9%. Given the uncertainties in P−ET, we consider the atmospheric and surface water budgets to be reasonably closed. Compared to the other three basins, the mean runoff ratio (R/P) is lower in the Ob watershed, consistent with the high fraction of annual precipitation lost through ET. All basins exhibit summer maxima in P and minima in P−ET. Summer P−ET in the Ob watershed is negative due to high ET rates. For large domains in northern Eurasia, about 25% of July precipitation is associated with the recycling of water vapor evapotranspirated within each domain. This points to a significant effect of the land surface on the hydrologic regime. Variability in P and P−ET has generally clear associations with the regional atmospheric circulation. A strong link with the Urals trough is documented for the Ob. Relationships with indices of the Arctic Oscillation and other teleconnections are generally weak. Water‐year time series of runoff and P−ET are strongly correlated in the Lena watershed only, reflecting extensive permafrost. Cold‐season runoff has increased in the Yenisey and Lena watersheds. This is most pronounced in the Yenisey watershed, where runoff has also increased sharply in spring, decreased in summer, but has increased for ... Text Arctic Arctic Ocean permafrost University of New Hampshire: Scholars Repository Arctic Arctic Ocean Yenisey ENVELOPE(82.680,82.680,71.828,71.828) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of New Hampshire: Scholars Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftuninhampshire |
language |
unknown |
description |
The large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system is examined, focusing on the period 1960 onward. Special attention is paid to the Ob, Yenisey, Lena, and Mackenzie watersheds, which provide the bulk of freshwater discharge to the Arctic Ocean. Station data are used to compile monthly gridded time series of gauge‐corrected precipitation (P). Gridded time series of precipitation minus evapotranspiration (P−ET) are calculated from the moisture flux convergence using NCEP reanalysis data. Estimates of ET are obtained as a residual. Runoff (R) is obtained from available discharge records. For long‐term water‐year means, P−ET for the Yenisey, Lena, and Mackenzie watersheds is 16–20% lower than the observed runoff. In the Ob watershed, the two values agree within 9%. Given the uncertainties in P−ET, we consider the atmospheric and surface water budgets to be reasonably closed. Compared to the other three basins, the mean runoff ratio (R/P) is lower in the Ob watershed, consistent with the high fraction of annual precipitation lost through ET. All basins exhibit summer maxima in P and minima in P−ET. Summer P−ET in the Ob watershed is negative due to high ET rates. For large domains in northern Eurasia, about 25% of July precipitation is associated with the recycling of water vapor evapotranspirated within each domain. This points to a significant effect of the land surface on the hydrologic regime. Variability in P and P−ET has generally clear associations with the regional atmospheric circulation. A strong link with the Urals trough is documented for the Ob. Relationships with indices of the Arctic Oscillation and other teleconnections are generally weak. Water‐year time series of runoff and P−ET are strongly correlated in the Lena watershed only, reflecting extensive permafrost. Cold‐season runoff has increased in the Yenisey and Lena watersheds. This is most pronounced in the Yenisey watershed, where runoff has also increased sharply in spring, decreased in summer, but has increased for ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Serreze, Mark C. Bromwich, David H. Clark, Martyn P. Etringer, Andrew J. Zhang, Tingjun Lammers, Richard B. |
spellingShingle |
Serreze, Mark C. Bromwich, David H. Clark, Martyn P. Etringer, Andrew J. Zhang, Tingjun Lammers, Richard B. Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system |
author_facet |
Serreze, Mark C. Bromwich, David H. Clark, Martyn P. Etringer, Andrew J. Zhang, Tingjun Lammers, Richard B. |
author_sort |
Serreze, Mark C. |
title |
Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system |
title_short |
Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system |
title_full |
Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system |
title_fullStr |
Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system |
title_full_unstemmed |
Large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial Arctic drainage system |
title_sort |
large‐scale hydro‐climatology of the terrestrial arctic drainage system |
publisher |
University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
https://scholars.unh.edu/faculty_pubs/142 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1141&context=faculty_pubs |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(82.680,82.680,71.828,71.828) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Yenisey |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Yenisey |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean permafrost |
op_source |
Faculty Publications |
op_relation |
https://scholars.unh.edu/faculty_pubs/142 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1141&context=faculty_pubs |
op_rights |
Copyright 2002 by the American Geophysical Union. |
_version_ |
1766324466459082752 |