Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada
We previously reported a record of regionally significant volcanic eruptions in the North Pacific using an ice core from Eclipse Icefield (St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada). The acquisition of two new ice cores from Eclipse Icefield, along with the previously available Eclipse Icefield and Mount L...
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ftuninhampshire:oai:scholars.unh.edu:earthsci_facpub-1522 2023-05-15T16:34:03+02:00 Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada Yalcin, Kaplan Wake, Cameron P Kreutz, K Germani, Mark S Whitlow, Sallie I 2007-04-20T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://scholars.unh.edu/earthsci_facpub/523 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1522&context=earthsci_facpub unknown University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository https://scholars.unh.edu/earthsci_facpub/523 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1522&context=earthsci_facpub Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union. Earth Sciences Scholarship ice cores volcanism sulfate text 2007 ftuninhampshire 2023-01-30T21:35:20Z We previously reported a record of regionally significant volcanic eruptions in the North Pacific using an ice core from Eclipse Icefield (St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada). The acquisition of two new ice cores from Eclipse Icefield, along with the previously available Eclipse Icefield and Mount Logan Northwest Col ice cores, allows us to extend our record of North Pacific volcanism to 550 years before present using a suite of four ice cores spanning an elevation range of 3–5 km. Comparison of volcanic sulfate flux records demonstrates that the results are highly reproducible, especially for the largest eruptions such as Katmai (A.D. 1912). Correlation of volcanic sulfate signals with historically documented eruptions indicates that at least one-third of the eruptions recorded in St. Elias ice cores are from Alaskan and Kamchatkan volcanoes. Although there are several moderately large (volcanic explosivity index (VEI) ≥ 4) eruptions recorded in only one core from Eclipse Icefield, the use of multiple cores provides signals in at least one core from all known VEI ≥ 4 eruptions in Alaska and Kamchatka since A.D. 1829. Tephrochronological evidence from the Eclipse ice cores documents eruptions in Alaska (Westdahl, Redoubt, Trident, and Katmai), Kamchatka (Avachinsky, Kliuchevoskoi, and Ksudach), and Iceland (Hekla). Several unidentified tephra-bearing horizons, with available geochemical evidence suggesting Alaskan and Kamchatkan sources, were also found. We present a reconstruction of annual volcanic sulfate loading for the North Pacific troposphere based on our ice core data, and we provide a detailed assessment of the atmospheric and climatic effects of the Katmai eruption. Text Hekla ice core Iceland Kamchatka Mount Logan Alaska Yukon University of New Hampshire: Scholars Repository Yukon Canada Pacific Trident ENVELOPE(169.233,169.233,-72.433,-72.433) Mount Logan ENVELOPE(-140.405,-140.405,60.567,60.567) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of New Hampshire: Scholars Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftuninhampshire |
language |
unknown |
topic |
ice cores volcanism sulfate |
spellingShingle |
ice cores volcanism sulfate Yalcin, Kaplan Wake, Cameron P Kreutz, K Germani, Mark S Whitlow, Sallie I Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada |
topic_facet |
ice cores volcanism sulfate |
description |
We previously reported a record of regionally significant volcanic eruptions in the North Pacific using an ice core from Eclipse Icefield (St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada). The acquisition of two new ice cores from Eclipse Icefield, along with the previously available Eclipse Icefield and Mount Logan Northwest Col ice cores, allows us to extend our record of North Pacific volcanism to 550 years before present using a suite of four ice cores spanning an elevation range of 3–5 km. Comparison of volcanic sulfate flux records demonstrates that the results are highly reproducible, especially for the largest eruptions such as Katmai (A.D. 1912). Correlation of volcanic sulfate signals with historically documented eruptions indicates that at least one-third of the eruptions recorded in St. Elias ice cores are from Alaskan and Kamchatkan volcanoes. Although there are several moderately large (volcanic explosivity index (VEI) ≥ 4) eruptions recorded in only one core from Eclipse Icefield, the use of multiple cores provides signals in at least one core from all known VEI ≥ 4 eruptions in Alaska and Kamchatka since A.D. 1829. Tephrochronological evidence from the Eclipse ice cores documents eruptions in Alaska (Westdahl, Redoubt, Trident, and Katmai), Kamchatka (Avachinsky, Kliuchevoskoi, and Ksudach), and Iceland (Hekla). Several unidentified tephra-bearing horizons, with available geochemical evidence suggesting Alaskan and Kamchatkan sources, were also found. We present a reconstruction of annual volcanic sulfate loading for the North Pacific troposphere based on our ice core data, and we provide a detailed assessment of the atmospheric and climatic effects of the Katmai eruption. |
format |
Text |
author |
Yalcin, Kaplan Wake, Cameron P Kreutz, K Germani, Mark S Whitlow, Sallie I |
author_facet |
Yalcin, Kaplan Wake, Cameron P Kreutz, K Germani, Mark S Whitlow, Sallie I |
author_sort |
Yalcin, Kaplan |
title |
Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada |
title_short |
Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada |
title_full |
Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ice core paleovolcanic records from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada |
title_sort |
ice core paleovolcanic records from the st. elias mountains, yukon, canada |
publisher |
University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://scholars.unh.edu/earthsci_facpub/523 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1522&context=earthsci_facpub |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(169.233,169.233,-72.433,-72.433) ENVELOPE(-140.405,-140.405,60.567,60.567) |
geographic |
Yukon Canada Pacific Trident Mount Logan |
geographic_facet |
Yukon Canada Pacific Trident Mount Logan |
genre |
Hekla ice core Iceland Kamchatka Mount Logan Alaska Yukon |
genre_facet |
Hekla ice core Iceland Kamchatka Mount Logan Alaska Yukon |
op_source |
Earth Sciences Scholarship |
op_relation |
https://scholars.unh.edu/earthsci_facpub/523 https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1522&context=earthsci_facpub |
op_rights |
Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union. |
_version_ |
1766023803109900288 |