Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context
Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in aquatic environments. They adopt free and associated lifestyles. They establish mutualistic, commensal and parasitic symbioses with numerous metazoa. In the healthy Crassostrea gigas oyster, an abundant and diverse microbiota that includes many Vibrio i...
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ftunimontpellier:oai:HAL:tel-03510335v1 2024-02-11T10:03:06+01:00 Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context Bases moléculaires et cellulaires des interactions Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas en contexte sain et pathologique Oyanedel Trigo, Daniel Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE) Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM) Université Montpellier Guillaume Charrière Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón 2020-10-16 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/file/2020_OYANEDEL_TRIGO_archivage.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2020MONTG032 tel-03510335 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/file/2020_OYANEDEL_TRIGO_archivage.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335 Parasitology. Université Montpellier, 2020. English. ⟨NNT : 2020MONTG032⟩ Vibrios Oyster Host-Microbe interactios Holobiont Poms Lipopolysaccharide Huître Interactions hôte-Microbiote Holobionte [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2020 ftunimontpellier 2024-01-23T23:38:11Z Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in aquatic environments. They adopt free and associated lifestyles. They establish mutualistic, commensal and parasitic symbioses with numerous metazoa. In the healthy Crassostrea gigas oyster, an abundant and diverse microbiota that includes many Vibrio is maintained under immune homeostasis. However, under the influence of biotic or abiotic stressors a dysbiosis is created favoring the proliferation of opportunistic Vibrio species, which can induce the death of oysters. This occurs during the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), which is caused by an immunosuppressive virus, OsHV-1 µvar. We have here characterized the Vibrio / C. gigas interactions in health and disease. We show that in populations of V. splendidus associated with healthy oysters, virulence and colonization capacity can be constrained by the selection of O-antigen structures that are more easily recognized by the host immune system but which confer resistance to grazing by marine amoebae. This trade-off between the ability to colonize its host and environmental persistence is likely the cause of the great structural diversity observed for the O-antigen in this species. In a pathological context, we have shown that the species associated with the oyster are for the most part cytotoxic for the immune cells of their host, regardless of the environment considered (Atlantic, Mediterranean). This cytotoxicity is a key determinant of the escape from the oyster's powerful cellular defenses and determines the infectious success. We observed that the molecular bases of cytotoxicity are specific to each Vibrio species studied. Finally, beyond opportunistic pathogens that use cytotoxicity (V. tasmaniensis, V. crassostreae, V. splendidus, V. harveyi), we have identified simple opportunists, such as V. rotiferianus, which not only benefit from the immunosuppressive activity of other pathogens but also adopt strategies of non-cooperative acquisition of public goods, such as siderophores produced by the ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Université de Montpellier: HAL Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Montpellier: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftunimontpellier |
language |
English |
topic |
Vibrios Oyster Host-Microbe interactios Holobiont Poms Lipopolysaccharide Huître Interactions hôte-Microbiote Holobionte [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology |
spellingShingle |
Vibrios Oyster Host-Microbe interactios Holobiont Poms Lipopolysaccharide Huître Interactions hôte-Microbiote Holobionte [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology Oyanedel Trigo, Daniel Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context |
topic_facet |
Vibrios Oyster Host-Microbe interactios Holobiont Poms Lipopolysaccharide Huître Interactions hôte-Microbiote Holobionte [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology |
description |
Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in aquatic environments. They adopt free and associated lifestyles. They establish mutualistic, commensal and parasitic symbioses with numerous metazoa. In the healthy Crassostrea gigas oyster, an abundant and diverse microbiota that includes many Vibrio is maintained under immune homeostasis. However, under the influence of biotic or abiotic stressors a dysbiosis is created favoring the proliferation of opportunistic Vibrio species, which can induce the death of oysters. This occurs during the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), which is caused by an immunosuppressive virus, OsHV-1 µvar. We have here characterized the Vibrio / C. gigas interactions in health and disease. We show that in populations of V. splendidus associated with healthy oysters, virulence and colonization capacity can be constrained by the selection of O-antigen structures that are more easily recognized by the host immune system but which confer resistance to grazing by marine amoebae. This trade-off between the ability to colonize its host and environmental persistence is likely the cause of the great structural diversity observed for the O-antigen in this species. In a pathological context, we have shown that the species associated with the oyster are for the most part cytotoxic for the immune cells of their host, regardless of the environment considered (Atlantic, Mediterranean). This cytotoxicity is a key determinant of the escape from the oyster's powerful cellular defenses and determines the infectious success. We observed that the molecular bases of cytotoxicity are specific to each Vibrio species studied. Finally, beyond opportunistic pathogens that use cytotoxicity (V. tasmaniensis, V. crassostreae, V. splendidus, V. harveyi), we have identified simple opportunists, such as V. rotiferianus, which not only benefit from the immunosuppressive activity of other pathogens but also adopt strategies of non-cooperative acquisition of public goods, such as siderophores produced by the ... |
author2 |
Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE) Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM) Université Montpellier Guillaume Charrière Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Oyanedel Trigo, Daniel |
author_facet |
Oyanedel Trigo, Daniel |
author_sort |
Oyanedel Trigo, Daniel |
title |
Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context |
title_short |
Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context |
title_full |
Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context |
title_fullStr |
Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cellular and molecular bases of Vibrio / Crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context |
title_sort |
cellular and molecular bases of vibrio / crassostrea gigas interactions in healthy and pathological context |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/file/2020_OYANEDEL_TRIGO_archivage.pdf |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335 Parasitology. Université Montpellier, 2020. English. ⟨NNT : 2020MONTG032⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2020MONTG032 tel-03510335 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03510335/file/2020_OYANEDEL_TRIGO_archivage.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1790599248203481088 |