Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite
International audience Two types of olivine occur in kimberlites from Greenland, Canada and southern Africa. The first, xenocrystic olivine, displays several different forms. Most distinctive are 'nodules', a term we use to describe the large (1-5 mm), rounded, single crystals or polycryst...
Published in: | Journal of Petrology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2010
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-00543321 https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egp080 |
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ftunimontpellier:oai:HAL:insu-00543321v1 |
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Université de Montpellier: HAL |
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English |
topic |
dunite kimberlite mantle olivine xenolith [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography |
spellingShingle |
dunite kimberlite mantle olivine xenolith [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography Arndt, Nicholas Guitreau, M. Boullier, Anne Marie Le Roex, A. Tommasi, Andrea Cordier, P. Sobolev, A. Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite |
topic_facet |
dunite kimberlite mantle olivine xenolith [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography |
description |
International audience Two types of olivine occur in kimberlites from Greenland, Canada and southern Africa. The first, xenocrystic olivine, displays several different forms. Most distinctive are 'nodules', a term we use to describe the large (1-5 mm), rounded, single crystals or polycrystalline aggregates that are a common constituent of many kimberlites. Olivine compositions are uniform within single nodules but vary widely from nodule to nodule, from Fo81 to 93. Within many nodules, sub- to euhedral asymmetric tablets have grown within larger anhedral olivine grains. Dislocation structures, particularly in the anhedral grains, demonstrate that this olivine was deformed before being incorporated into the kimberlite magma. Olivine grains in the kimberlite matrix between the nodules have morphologies similar to those of the tablets, suggesting that most matrix olivine grains are parts of disaggregated nodules. We propose that a sub- to euhedral form is not sufficient to identify phenocrysts in kimberlites and provide some criteria, based on morphology, internal deformation and composition, that distinguish phenocrysts from xenocrysts. The second type of olivine is restricted to rims surrounding xenocrystic grains. Only this olivine crystallized from the kimberlite magma. Major and trace element data for the rim olivine are used to calculate the composition of the parental kimberlite liquid, which is found to contain between about 20 and 30% MgO. The bulk compositions of many kimberlites contain higher MgO contents as a result of the presence of xenocrystic olivine. The monomineralic, dunitic, character of the nodules, and the wide range from Fo-rich to Fo-poor olivine compositions, provide major constraints on the origin of the nodules. Dunite is a relatively rare rock in the mantle and where present its olivine is persistently Fo-rich. The dunitic source of the nodules in kimberlites lacked minerals such as pyroxene and an aluminous phase, which make up about half of most mantle-derived rocks. It appears that ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon) Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre (LST) École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town University of Cape Town Géosciences Montpellier Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de structures et propriétés de l'état solide - UMR 8008 (LSPES) Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) VERNADSKY INSTITUTE, MOSCOW, RUSSIA Vernadsky Institute |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Arndt, Nicholas Guitreau, M. Boullier, Anne Marie Le Roex, A. Tommasi, Andrea Cordier, P. Sobolev, A. |
author_facet |
Arndt, Nicholas Guitreau, M. Boullier, Anne Marie Le Roex, A. Tommasi, Andrea Cordier, P. Sobolev, A. |
author_sort |
Arndt, Nicholas |
title |
Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite |
title_short |
Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite |
title_full |
Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite |
title_fullStr |
Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite |
title_full_unstemmed |
Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite |
title_sort |
olivine, and the origin of kimberlite |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-00543321 https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egp080 |
genre |
Greenland |
genre_facet |
Greenland |
op_source |
ISSN: 0022-3530 EISSN: 1460-2415 Journal of Petrology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00543321 Journal of Petrology, 2010, 51 (3), pp.573-602. ⟨10.1093/petrology/egp080⟩ |
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https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egp080 |
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Journal of Petrology |
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51 |
container_issue |
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container_start_page |
573 |
op_container_end_page |
602 |
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1797584058363936768 |
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ftunimontpellier:oai:HAL:insu-00543321v1 2024-04-28T08:22:27+00:00 Olivine, and the Origin of Kimberlite Arndt, Nicholas Guitreau, M. Boullier, Anne Marie Le Roex, A. Tommasi, Andrea Cordier, P. Sobolev, A. Laboratoire de Géodynamique des Chaines Alpines (LGCA) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon) Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre (LST) École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town University of Cape Town Géosciences Montpellier Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de structures et propriétés de l'état solide - UMR 8008 (LSPES) Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) VERNADSKY INSTITUTE, MOSCOW, RUSSIA Vernadsky Institute 2010-01 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00543321 https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egp080 en eng HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP) info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/petrology/egp080 insu-00543321 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00543321 BIBCODE: 10.1093/petrology/egp080 doi:10.1093/petrology/egp080 ISSN: 0022-3530 EISSN: 1460-2415 Journal of Petrology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00543321 Journal of Petrology, 2010, 51 (3), pp.573-602. ⟨10.1093/petrology/egp080⟩ dunite kimberlite mantle olivine xenolith [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2010 ftunimontpellier https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egp080 2024-04-10T14:27:11Z International audience Two types of olivine occur in kimberlites from Greenland, Canada and southern Africa. The first, xenocrystic olivine, displays several different forms. Most distinctive are 'nodules', a term we use to describe the large (1-5 mm), rounded, single crystals or polycrystalline aggregates that are a common constituent of many kimberlites. Olivine compositions are uniform within single nodules but vary widely from nodule to nodule, from Fo81 to 93. Within many nodules, sub- to euhedral asymmetric tablets have grown within larger anhedral olivine grains. Dislocation structures, particularly in the anhedral grains, demonstrate that this olivine was deformed before being incorporated into the kimberlite magma. Olivine grains in the kimberlite matrix between the nodules have morphologies similar to those of the tablets, suggesting that most matrix olivine grains are parts of disaggregated nodules. We propose that a sub- to euhedral form is not sufficient to identify phenocrysts in kimberlites and provide some criteria, based on morphology, internal deformation and composition, that distinguish phenocrysts from xenocrysts. The second type of olivine is restricted to rims surrounding xenocrystic grains. Only this olivine crystallized from the kimberlite magma. Major and trace element data for the rim olivine are used to calculate the composition of the parental kimberlite liquid, which is found to contain between about 20 and 30% MgO. The bulk compositions of many kimberlites contain higher MgO contents as a result of the presence of xenocrystic olivine. The monomineralic, dunitic, character of the nodules, and the wide range from Fo-rich to Fo-poor olivine compositions, provide major constraints on the origin of the nodules. Dunite is a relatively rare rock in the mantle and where present its olivine is persistently Fo-rich. The dunitic source of the nodules in kimberlites lacked minerals such as pyroxene and an aluminous phase, which make up about half of most mantle-derived rocks. It appears that ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Université de Montpellier: HAL Journal of Petrology 51 3 573 602 |