Status and Trends in the Rate of Introduction of Marine Non-Indigenous Species in European Seas

• Published in: Diversity
• Main Authors: Zenetos, Argyro, Tsiamis, Konstantinos, Galanidi, Marika, Carvalho, Natacha, Bartilotti, Cátia, Canning-Clode, João, Castriota, Luca, Chainho, Paula, Comas-González, Robert, Costa, Ana, C, Dragičević, Branko, Dulčić, Jakov, Faasse, Marco, Florin, Ann-Britt, Gittenberger, Arjan, Jakobsen, Hans, Jelmert, Anders, Kerckhof, Francis, Lehtiniemi, Maiju, Livi, Silvia, Lundgreen, Kim, Macic, Vesna, Massé, Cécile, Mavrič, Borut, Naddafi, Rahmat, Orlando-Bonaca, Martina, Petovic, Slavica, Png-Gonzalez, Lydia, Carbonell Quetglas, Aina, Ribeiro, Romeu, S, Cidade, Tiago, Smolders, Sander, Stæhr, Peter, A U, Viard, Frederique, Outinen, Okko
• Other Authors: Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), European Environment Agency (EEA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre Portugal (MARE), Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida = University Institute of Psychological, Social and Life Sciences (ISPA), Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC), Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Spain (CSIC), Universidade dos Açores, Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Aarhus University Aarhus, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique = Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (IRSNB / RBINS), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), University of Montenegro (UCG), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon = Université de Lisbonne (ULISBOA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), ANR-16-IDEX-0006,MUSE,MUSE(2016)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: non-indigenous species; European seas; regional seas; MSFD; good environmental status; validation; uncertainties; [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology; [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography; Northeast Atlantic
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-03921901; https://hal.science/hal-03921901/document; https://hal.science/hal-03921901/file/Zenetos_2022_Diversity.pdf; https://doi.org/10.3390/d14121077

International audience Invasive alien species are a major worldwide driver of biodiversity change. The current study lists verified records of non-indigenous species (NIS) in European marine waters until 2020, with the purpose of establishing a baseline, assessing trends, and discussing appropriate threshold values for good environmental status (GES) according to the relevant European legislation. All NIS records were verified by national experts and trends are presented in six-year assessment periods from 1970 to 2020 according to the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Altogether, 874 NIS have been introduced to European marine waters until 2020 with the Mediterranean Sea and NorthEast Atlantic Ocean hosting most of the introductions. Overall, the number of new introductions has steadily increased since 2000. The annual rate of new introductions reached 21 new NIS in European seas within the last six-year assessment period (2012-2017). This increase is likely due to increased human activities and research efforts that have intensified during the early 21st century within European Seas. As Europe seas are not environmentally, nor geographically homogenous, the setting of threshold values for assessing GES requires regional expertise. Further, once management measures are operational, pathway-specific threshold values would enable assessing the effectiveness of such measures.