Vpliv prehrane na prirast in lastnosti klavnih trupov prašičev na kmetiji Zaverl

• Main Author: Zaverl, Manca
• Other Authors: Rezar, Vida
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: 2017
• Subjects: prašiči; pitanci; prehrana živali; krma; prirast; klavne lastnosti; Slovenija; pigs; fattening pigs; animal nutrition; feed; growth performance; carcass quality; Slovenia; sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=95642; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=104267&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/3963272?lang=sl

Pitanje prašičev v manjših konvencionalnih rejah predstavlja nezanemarljiv delež slovenske prašičereje. Pri pitanju pa so zelo pomembni proizvodni rezultati, ki jih dosegamo. V diplomski nalogi sem spremljala vpliv prehrane in tudi nekatere vplive okolja na prirast in na lastnosti klavnih trupov. Na kmetiji Zaverl smo spremljali prašiče pitance in vplive na njihovo težo. Na kmetiji sami pridelujemo nekatera krmila in sami mešamo krmne mešanice za vse kategorije pitancev. V posameznih krmilih smo analizirali v vsebnost hranilnih snovi in mineralov, izračunali krmne mešanice, ter jih analizirali. V pripravljenih krmnih mešanicah smo preverili tudi meljavo. Rezultati so pokazali, da uhlevitev, velikost nastanitvenih boksov in temperatura v hlevu ustrezni in niso imeli večjega vpliva na rezultate pitanja. Ugotovili smo, je je bila sestava krmnih mešanic ustrezna in sestavljena glede na priporočila za pitanje prašičev v posameznih kategorijah, ustrezna je bila tudi velikost delcev krmnih mešanic. Glede na danska priporočila bi lahko krmila še bolj fino zmleli, s čimer bi lahko zagotovili boljšo konverzijo. Zaključimo lahko, da nobeden od vplivov na pitanje, ki smo jih spremljali, ni imel večjega vpliva na proizvodne rezultate. Povprečni doseženi prirasti so bili 824 g/dan, kar je več kot predvideva Rejski program za kmetije. Prašiči so dosegli tudi dobro mesnatost, v povprečju 60 %, kar je večino uvrstila v razred S. Pridobljeni rezultati bodo v bodoče v veliko pomoč na naši kmetiji, saj bomo lahko na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov še izboljšali proizvodne cilje. Pig-fattening on smaller conventional farms represents a substantial proportion of Slovenian pig farming. The production results achieved in fattening are extremely important. In this diploma thesis, I monitor the impact of the diet, as well as certain environmental influences on the growth and the characteristics of carcasses. We monitored fattening pigs and the impacts on their weight at the Zaverl farm. On the farm, we produce some of the feedingstuffs ourselves and we mix compound feedingstuffs for all categories of fattening pigs. We analysed the content of nutrients and minerals in individual feedingstuffs, calculated compound feedingstuffs and analysed them. We also examined the particle size in prepared feedingstuffs. The results showed that the housing, the size of the stalls and the temperature in the pigsty were suitable and did not have a significant impact on the results of fattening. We found that the particle size and the composition of compound feedingstuffs were appropriate and that they were composed according to the recommendations for pig-fattening in individual categories. According to Danish recommendations, feedingstuffs could be more finely grinded, which might give us better conversion. We can conclude that none of the impacts on fattening that we were monitoring had any significant effect on the production results. The average gains achieved were 824 g/day, which is higher than envisaged in the Slovenian Breeding Programme for Farms. The pigs also achieved a good lean meat percentage, 60% on average, which classified most of them in class S. The results we got will be very helpful for the future work on our farm, because they allow us to improve our production goals.