Zdravstvena nega pacienta s perkutano transhepatalno biliarno drenažo

• Main Author: Pavšek, Maja
• Other Authors: Pajnič, Manca
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: 2017
• Subjects: drenažni sistem; zapora žolčnih vodov; vloga medicinske sestre; drainage catheter; obstructed bile duct sistem; nursing role; Pogost; sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=92552; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=99330&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/5278059?lang=sl

Uvod: Perkutana transhepatalna biliarna drenaža je zelo pogost terapevtski postopek pri pacientih z zaporo proksimalnih delov žolčnih vodov. Postopek, pri katerem se drenaža vstavlja, se imenuje perkutana transhepatalna holangiografija. Izvaja se pri malignih obolenjih žolčnika, trebušne slinavke, žolčnih vodov ali okolnih organov. Pogosto se drenažo vstavlja pri oskrbi paliativnih pacientov z zaporo žolčnega voda. Cilj te drenaže je zagotoviti nemoten odtok žolčne tekočine. Drenaža je lahko notranja ali zunanja. Pri notranji drenaži dren speljejo v dvanajstnik, pri zunanji pa pacient dobi drenažno vrečko, kamor se izteka žolčna tekočina. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na teoretični ravni predstaviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri pacientu s perkutano transhepatalno biliarno drenažo. Metode: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom domače in tuje strokovne literature. Starost literature smo omejili na literaturo, ki je izšla v letih 2002–2017. Literatura je bila pridobljena iz podatkovnih baz CINAHL, Medline, Pubmed in The Cochrane Library. Končni sezam člankov je bil oblikovan po pregledu naslovov in izvlečkov. Razprava in zaključek: Medicinska sestra ima pri pacientu s perkutano transhepatalno biliarno drenažo zelo pomembno vlogo, saj ga spremlja in izvaja aktivnosti zdravstvene nege od vstavitve drenaže do njene odstranitve. Njene najpomembnejše naloge so psihično in fizično pripraviti pacienta na perkutano transhepatalno holangiografijo, sodelovanje pri sami vstavitvi drenaže in skrb za pacienta do odstranitve drena. Pomembno je široko strokovno znanje medicinske sestre, saj le tako lahko pacientu nudi primerno strokovno oskrbo in podporo ter prepreči ali hitro odkrije zaplete, ki prežijo na pacienta s perkutano transhepatalno biliarno drenažo. Introduction: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is a very common therapeutic procedure for patients with obstruction of the proximal parts of the bile duct. The process in which the drainage is inserted is called percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. It is used with malignant diseases of the gallbladder, pancreas, bile ducts or surrounding organs. This drainage is often inserted in palliative patients. The aim of the drainage is to ensure the smooth outflow of bile fluids. Drainage can be internal or external. In the case of the inner drainage the drain is set up in the duodenum. With external drainage the patient gets a drainage bag in which the bile fluid flows. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present a theoretical level of the role of a nurse in care of a patient with transhepatic percutaneous biliary drainage. Methods: We used a descriptive method with a review of the Slovenian and foreign technical literature. We limited the age of literature from 2002 to 2017. The literature was obtained from the databases CINAHL, Medline, PubMed and The Cochrane Library. The final list of articles was designed from the review of the titles and abstracts. Discussion and conclusion: The role of the nurse in care a patient with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is very important, as it monitors and performs nursing activities from insertion to removal of the drainage. The nurse's most important tasks are to mentally and physically prepare the patient for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, participation in insertion of the drainage and caring for the patient until the removal of the drain. It is important that the nurse has an extensive expert knowledge, so that she can provide the patient with professional care and support and prevent or quickly detect complications which are preying on the patient with transhepatic percutaneous biliary drainage.