Stres romskih otrok in mladostnikov - Brunec, Nina (2017)
Stres je pereč problem današnjega časa, saj je življenjski tempo vse hitrejši. S stresom se srečujemo na vseh področjih življenja in zaradi stalnega spreminjajočega se okolja se mu je težko izogniti. Veliko stresa je prisotnega tudi med otroki in mladostniki. Moje diplomsko delo temelji na analizi stresnega stanja romskih in neromskih otrok ter mladostnikov. Romi imajo različno kulturo in drugačen način življenja, zato je tudi njihov pogled na življenje preprost in brezskrben. Temeljne družbene vrednote se pridobijo že z ustrezno vzgojo otrok. Med otroki so v pojmovanju socialne pravičnosti zelo velike razlike, zato se šole z različnimi ukrepi trudijo, da ne bi prihajalo do težav med različnimi kulturami. Otrokom in mladostnikom tako poskuša šola zagotavljati varnost in pomoč pri izobraževanju ter se zavzema za pravice otrok, da bi s tem izboljšali njihovo socialno blaginjo, ki si je zaradi različnih razlogov socialne varnosti sami ne morejo zagotoviti. V diplomskem delu je predstavljena zgodovina Romov ter njihovo življenje z vplivom na dostojno vedenje. S pomočjo strokovne literature sem se poglobila in raziskala področje stresa ter naredila empirično raziskavo o stresnih situacijah dveh različnih kultur. Namen empirične raziskave v okviru diplomskega dela je bil raziskati področje stresa pri romskih in neromskih otrocih. V vzorec je bilo vključenih 52 otrok in mladostnikov. Od tega 27 romskih in 25 neromskih otrok in mladostnikov. Anketni vprašalnik so reševali povečini otroci in mladostniki stari 0 do14 let, le eden je bil star 15 do18 let. S pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika sem prišla do ugotovitev, da romski otroci in mladostniki kljub različnim negativnim vplivom okolja, v primerjavi z neromskimi, živijo manj stresno življenje. Glede na stopnjo stresa je bil pri neromskih otrocih in mladostnikih najpogostejši odgovor, da stres doživljajo včasih, pri romskih je bil najpogostejši odgovor, da nikoli ne doživljajo stresa. Na vprašanje o zaskrbljenosti so bili rezultati zelo podobni. Pri neromskih otrocih največji razpon stresa predstavlja utrujenost, pri romskih pa pozabljivost, utrujenost in potenje. Najmočnejši izvor stresa neromskim otrokom predstavlja smrt ljubljene osebe in skrbi povezane s šolo, največ skrbi romskim otrokom prav tako povzroča šola. Zanimale so me tudi najpogostejše strategije za sproščanje, od navedenih možnosti je pri neromskih otrocih in mladostnikih bila najpogostejša strategija sprehod, poslušanje glasbe, druženje s prijatelji, ples in branje, 72 % se jih sprošča na drug način, pri Romih je bil najpogostejši odgovor ples. Glede na odgovore, ki sem jih pridobila s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, sem prišla do skupnega rezultata, da neromskim in romskim otrokom in mladostnikom največ stresa povzroča šola. Stress is a pressing problem of our time, because the pace of life is increasingly faster. The stress we face in all areas of life is difficult to avoid, also because of the continuously changing environment. A lot of stress is also present among children and adolescents. My thesis is based on an analysis of the stress situation of the Roma and non-Roma children and adolescents. Roma have a different culture and a different way of life, therefore their view of life is also easy and carefree. Fundamental social values are acquired already with the proper upbringing of children. There are very significant differences among children in the conception of social justice, so schools are trying with different measures to avoid problems between different cultures. Schools are also trying to ensure the children and adolescents safety and help with education and advocate for children's rights, in order to improve their social well-being, because for a variety of reasons they can not provide their own social security by themselves.The thesis shows the history of the Roma and their life with an impact on decent behaviour. With the help of the scientific literature, I have deepened and explored the area of stress and done empirical research on stressful situations of two different cultures. The purpose of empirical research in the context of the thesis was to investigate the stress field in the Roma and non-Roma children. The sample included 52 children and adolescents, i.e. 27 Roma and 25 non-Roma children and adolescents. The questionnaire was fulfilled mostly by children and adolescents aged 0 to 14 years, only one was aged 15 to 18 years. With the help of a questionnaire I have come to the conclusion that Roma children and adolescents, despite the various negative environmental influences compared with non-Roma, live less stressful life. Depending on the level of stress in the non-Roma children and adolescents, the most common answer was that sometimes they experience stress, while in Roma the most common answer was that they never experience stress. Asked about their concerns, the results were very similar. In the case of non-Roma children the largest range of stress represents fatigue, while in Roma with forgetfulness, fatigue and sweating. The strongest source of stress in non-Roma children represents the death of a loved one and concerns associated with the school, and the main concerns of Roma children is causing school as well. I was also interested in the most common strategies for release. Among the listed options in the non-Roma children and adolescents, the most common strategies were walking, listening to music, hanging out with friends, dancing and reading, 72 % get released in other way, while in Roma the most common response was dancing.Regarding the answers that I have acquired through the questionnaire, I came to the common conclusion that in the non-Roma and Roma children and adolescents most stress is caused by school.