Priprava eksperimenta za poučevanje fotosinteze pri predmetu Naravoslovje v 6. razredu osnovne šole

• Main Author: Selič, Sendi
• Other Authors: Torkar, Gregor
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: S. Selič 2017
• Subjects: aktivno učenje; učenec; učitelj; učno gradivo; IKT; primary education; science education; osnovnošolski pouk; naravoslovna vzgoja in izobraževanje; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/373.3.016:57(043.2); sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=86088; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=89268&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/11212105?lang=sl

Rastline imajo pomembno vlogo v ekosistemu živih bitij, v katerega je vključen tudi človek. Opazovanje in odkrivanje narave nudita učencem obilo priložnosti za neposredno učenje, odkrivanje organizmov in aktivno vključenost pri raziskovanju. Pomembno je, da učenci razumejo pomen rastlin v ekosistemu. Učenje in poučevanje procesa fotosinteze sta ena izmed najzahtevnejših naravoslovnih tematik, predvsem zaradi svoje kompleksnosti. Pogosto se težave pojavijo v celostnem razumevanju procesa fotosinteze, predvsem zaradi napačnih pojmovanj in napačnega poenostavljanja. Za uspešno poučevanje procesa fotosinteze se učiteljem priporočajo aktivne učne metode pouka, med drugimi tudi uporaba informacijsko - komunikacijske tehnologije, na primer računalniške animacije ali simulacije, izvedba poskusa s pomočjo raznih merilnikov, kot smo tudi sami izvedli v eksperimentalnem delu. V diplomski nalogi smo želeli z izvedbo eksperimenta učencem in učiteljem približati eksperimentalno in raziskovalno delo s pomočjo sodobnih računalniških pripomočkov in programov pri pouku naravoslovja in biologije. Na podlagi izvedenega eksperimenta smo izdelali učno gradivo za učitelje, ki si želijo predstaviti proces fotosinteze ter gradivo za učence, ki bi omogočilo poglobljeno razumevanje, aktivno sodelovanje učencev in lastno izvedbo poskusa pri pouku. Rezultati izvedenega eksperimenta so pokazali, da je poskus načrtovan tako, da merilniki zaznajo dnevno nočne spremembe v vsebnosti kisika in ogljikovega dioksida v komori, kjer smo gojili rastlino, in da poskus omogoča izvajanje praktičnega pouka po ciljih učnega načrta za predmet Naravoslovje v 6. razredu osnovne šole, za vsebine, povezane s procesi fotosinteze. Plants play an important role in the ecosystem, living creatures, which involve humanity. Observation and detection of nature offers students plenty of opportunities for direct learning, detect organisms and active involvement in research. It is important that students understand the importance of plants in the ecosystem. Learning and teaching photosynthesis can be difficult demanding since it is one of the most complex science topics, mainly due to its complexity. Often problems arise in a holistic understanding of the process of photosynthesis mainly due to misconceptions and simplification. In order to successfully teach the photosynthesis teachers recommend active learning methods of teaching, including the use of information and communication technology, such as computer animation or simulation, execution attempt with the help of various gauges, as we ourselves conducted in the experimental part. In this diploma thesis, we wanted to carry out the experiment closer to teachers and students experimental and research work with the help of modern computer devices and programs in science and biology on the topic of photosynthesis. On the basis of experiments carried out we have developed training materials for teachers who wish to present the process of photosynthesis, and materials for students, which would allow deeper understanding of the active participation of pupils and their own experiment in the classroom. The results of the experiment showed that the experiment is designed to observe day and night changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide in the chamber where the plant was grown, and it makes an attempt to provide practical lessons from the objectives of the curriculum for the subject of sciences in sixth grade of elementary school, for content related to the processes of photosynthesis.