Analiza ukrepanj intervencijske skupine Zavoda za gozdove Slovenije v primeru prijave ogrožanja ljudi ter njihove lastnine s strani rjavega medveda

• Main Author: Kragelj, Erik
• Other Authors: Jerina, Klemen
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: E. Kragelj 2014
• Subjects: rjavi medved; konflikti; ukrepanje; intervencijska skupina; Zavod za gozdove Slovenije; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/630*15(043.2)=163.6; Zavod; Ursus arctos
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=17775; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=127363&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/3292582?lang=sl

Konflikti med človekom in rjavim medvedom (Ursus arctos) imajo lahko resne posledice tako za ljudi kot za medvede, zato mora biti upravljanje z rjavim medvedom učinkovito. Edina možnost za dolgoročno ohranitev medveda v kulturni krajini je sobivanje z njim, kar pa je moč doseči le s čim boljšim preprečevanjem konfliktov. Analiza in razumevanje preteklih konfliktnih dogodkov je ključnega pomena za učinkovito nadaljnje upravljanje. V diplomskem delu so analizirane prijave konfliktnih dogodkov med človekom in rjavim medvedom v letih 2008-2009 ter izdane odločbe za izredni odvzem konfliktnih medvedov v letih od 2005-2009 na območju cele Slovenije. Seznam prijav konfliktnih dogodkov je beležila pristojna skupina za hitro ukrepanje v primeru ogrožanja življenja ljudi in premoženja po velikih zvereh (intervencijska skupina). Seznam odločb za izredni odvzem konfliktnih osebkov pa je bil prejet s strani Agencije Republike Slovenije za okolje. Vsi ti podatke so bili primerjani z relativnimi gostotami populacije medveda v Sloveniji. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se tako konfliktni dogodki kot odločbe za izredni odvzem pojavljajo neodvisno od gostot medvedov. Analize so pokazale, da ukrepanje na prijave konfliktnih dogodkov ni enotno: na isti dogodek so bili lahko odzivi intervencijske skupine različni, kar je lahko problematično z vidika verodostojnosti njenega delovanja, kot tudi uporabnosti zbranih podatkov za spremljanje konfliktnosti medveda v času. Konfliktni dogodki in posledično odločbe za izredni odvzem se pojavljajo v negativni korelacijski odvisnosti od dostopnosti naravnih virov hrane. Pomemben rezultat dela je tudi predlog protokola za izvajanje ukrepov ob prijavah konfliktnih dogodkov med človekom in rjavim medvedom v Sloveniji. Najpogostejši razlog za nastajanje konfliktov je približevanje medveda naseljenim območjem. Conflicts between men and the brown bear (Ursus arctos) can have serious consequences for people as well as bears, therefore efficient management of the species is of major importance. The only possibility for a long term preservation of the brown bear in the cultural landscape is coexistence with humans which can be facilitated by diminishing the frequency of conflicts between the species. Analysis and understanding of past human-bear conflicts is thus crucial for efficient management of the bear in the future. In this study the conflict events between a man and the brown bear between the years 2008 and 2009 as well as the issued decrees for management removal of conflict bears from between the years 2005 and 2009 in Slovenia were analyzed. The conflict events were documented by a brown bear emergency team (intervention group) and the list of issued management removals was gathered from a Slovenian environmental agency. Data was analyzed and compared to relative density of the brown bear population in Slovenia. It was estimated that both conflict events and issued decrees for management removals are not dependent on the density of the bear population. Analysis showed that response on reports of conflict events isn't standardized: responses of the intervention group on the same type of event differed from case to case, which can be problematic because of the uncertainty in credibility of the intervention group as well as of the use of the gathered data for better understanding of conflict behavior of the brown bear in time. It was also found that the conflict events and consequentially the issued decrees for management removal of conflict bears appear is negatively correlated with natural sources of food. An important result of the invested work is also a protocol for response when conflicts between man and the brown bear in Slovenia are reported. The most common reason for conflicts seems to be venturing of bears towards the areas of human dwellings.