Prisotnost spletnega nasilja na spletnem socialnem omrežju Facebook med mladostniki z lažjo in zmerno motnjo v duševnem razvoju

• Main Author: Srpčič, Andreja
• Other Authors: Hočevar, Andreja
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: spletno nasilje; Facebook; mladostniki z lažjo in zmerno motnjo v duševnem razvoju; Center za usposabljanje; vzgojo in izobraževanje Janeza Levca Ljubljana – enota Dom; cyberbullying; youngsters with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities; The Special education Centre Janez Levec Ljubljana – Dormitory unit; sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=133309; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=151242&dn=

V magistrski nalogi obravnavamo problematiko pojavnosti in razširjenosti spletnega nasilja na socialnem omrežju Facebook med mladostniki z lažjo in zmerno motnjo v duševnem razvoju. V teoretičnem delu naloge predstavimo definicijo nasilja ter opišemo najbolj razširjene oblike le-tega, natančneje pa obravnavamo spletno nasilje. Nalogo nadaljujemo s predstavitvijo spletnega socialnega omrežja Facebook in razširjenostjo njegove uporabe. Izpostavimo pojav spletnega nasilja na spletnih socialnih omrežjih med mladostniki z lažjo in zmerno motnjo v duševnem razvoju, saj je ta skupina mladostnikov v spletnem okolju zaradi svojih posebnosti izpostavljena večjemu tveganju, da postanejo žrtve spletnega nasilja kot mladostniki z značilnim razvojem, je pa pojavnost tega nasilja skorajda neraziskana. V zadnjem delu teoretičnega dela naloge predstavimo Vzgojni načrt domov za učence s posebnimi potrebami (2011) ter Pravila domskega reda Centra Janeza Levca Ljubljana (2017). Ugotavljamo, da ta dva dokumenta spletnega nasilja ne obravnavata, zato predlagamo nekaj vsebinskih posodobitev dokumentov. V empiričnem delu naloge obravnavamo problematiko spletnega nasilja na Facebooku med mladostniki z lažjo in zmerno motnjo v duševnem razvoju, ki bivajo v Domu Centra za usposabljanje, vzgojo in izobraževanje Janeza Levca Ljubljana. Ugotavljamo, da imajo Facebook profil ustvarjen skoraj vsi anketirani mladostniki in da jih je velik delež na Facebooku že doživel vsaj eno od oblik spletnega nasilja. Izsledki naše raziskave kažejo, da je največ anketiranih žrtev doživelo, da so od Facebook prijateljev prejeli grde besede (žaljivke) oz. komentarje. To obliko spletnega nasilja so najpogosteje drugim povzročili tudi anketirani nasilneži. Naši izsledki kažejo tudi, da velik delež anketiranih ne zna nastaviti zasebnosti svojih slik, posnetkov in objav na Facebooku in da najpogosteje informacije v zvezi z uporabo Facebooka poiščejo sami. Ugotavljamo, da informacije najpogosteje najdejo na internetu, pri čemer opozorimo na relevantnost prejetih informacij in pomen znanja vzgojiteljic in vzgojiteljev o obravnavani problematiki, saj so vsi vzgojitelji in vzgojiteljice, ki so bili vključeni v drugi del empirične raziskave, že imeli izkušnjo z obravnavo primera spletnega nasilja v svoji vzgojni skupini. Na podlagi izsledkov sklenemo, da bi bilo treba dopolniti Pravila domskega reda Centra Janeza Levca Ljubljana (2017), kjer spletno nasilje trenutno ni definirano in obravnavano kot ena izmed oblik nasilja ter obravnavo te tematike vključiti v dodatna strokovna izpopolnjevanja pedagoških delavk in delavcev v ustanovi. The present master thesis discusses the problem of widespread cyberbullying on social media network Facebook among youngsters with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities. In the theoretical part we define violence and describe the most common forms of violence, but more in detail we discuss cyberbullying. Furthermore, we introduce social media network Facebook and its widespread use. We discuss the problem of cyberbullying on social media networks among youngsters with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities. This group of youngsters is more vulnerable online because of their characteristics and have increased risk to become victims of cyberbullying in comparison to their peers with typical development. The phenomenon of such violence is still almost unexplored. It the final part we introduce Education plan of dormitories for children and youngsters with special needs and House rules of dormitory of The Special Education Centre Janez Levec Ljubljana. We realize that these two documents don't address cyberbullying, because of which we propose some substantive updates. In the empirical part we examine the problem of cyberbullying on Facebook among youngsters with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities who live in the dormitory of The Special Education Centre Janez Levec Ljubljana. We found out that most of the youngsters have their own Facebook profiles and at the same time, that most of them have already experienced at least one of the cyberbullying forms on Facebook. Our research also showed that the most common form of cyberbullying that victims experienced on Facebook was writing mean words or negative comments. This is also the most frequent form that bullies have used to hurt others. Furthermore we realized that many youngsters don't have the knowledge about how to manage their privacy settings for photos, videos and posts on Facebook. Most of them also search for pieces of information about Facebook usage online by themselves. We point out the meaning of relevant information and how important it is for educators to have knowledge about internet safety and cyberbullying – especially because all educators who were included in the second part of the empirical research pointed out that they have already dealt with situations, connected to cyberbullying in their educational groups. On the basis of these outcomes we conclude that House rules of dormitory of The Special Education Centre Janez Levec Ljubljana need updates, because cyberbullying is not defined as one of the forms of violence among youngsters. Also, we suggest including the topic of cyberbullying into educators’ professional trainings and their non-formal education in the institution.