Avtoportret v drugem predšolskem starostnem obdobju - Kastelic, Nika (2021)
V obdobju izobraževanja za predšolsko vzgojo sem se ves čas spraševala, kako pravzaprav poteka razvoj otroške risbe oz. razvoj risanja avtoportreta. Ker o tem v svojem izobraževalnem procesu nisem slišala prav veliko, sem se odločila, da bom temo raziskala v svojem diplomskem delu. Vedno me je zanimalo, na kakšni stopnji likovnega razvoja so otroci, kaj mi sporočajo njihove risbe, kako narišejo sami sebe in na kaj so pri tem pozorni ter kaj lahko s pomočjo risbe izvem o otroku, ne da bi direktno posegala v njegov izrazni svet. Tudi sama sem kot otrok zelo rada risala, slikala, ustvarjala skulpture iz različnih materialov in podobno, zato sem se odločila, da bom v to usmerila svoje raziskovanje. V diplomskem delu se bom na začetku posvetila teoriji o razvoju otrok, razvoju njihovega risanja in razvoju risanja figuralike, tj. človeka in tudi avtoportreta. Osredotočila se bom predvsem na vrtčevske otroke, stare od 3 do 6 let, saj se v tem obdobju risanje najbolj razvija. Nato bom v empiričnem delu najprej interpretirala rezultate, ki sem jih pridobila s pomočjo analize vprašalnika o tem, kako pogosto vzgojitelji v sklopu umetnosti načrtujejo risanje avtoportreta in kakšne vrste likovne dejavnosti za to predvidijo, kasneje pa bom na osnovi mednarodno priznane Goodenough-Harris lestvice ocenjevanja otroškega risanja figure (Goodenough draw– a–person test, b.d.) interpretirala otroške risbe avtoportretov, ki sem jih pridobila v enemu izmed ljubljanskih vrtcev. My diploma thesis focuses on the development of a self-portrait in preschool children. While completing my studies in the field of preschool education I have always wondered how the process and the development of drawing a self-portrait in children’s artistic development actually happens. This topic was not widely talked about in my program and because I have always been connected with art myself I have decided to research it more thoroughly for my diploma thesis. The child’s artwork is something that has always fascinated me. It’s interesting to see what art and the child’s artistic expression can actually tell us about the child. Through the child’s artwork we can see what the child is trying to vocalize, how he sees himself and in what stage of the artistic development is he. In the first part of my diploma thesis I will focus on the theory of the child’s artistic development and I will look more closely at the development of the child’s drawing, which also includes the main developmental stages of drawing a self-portrait. My research will be based on preschool children, aged between three to six, as this is the most critical period for their artistic development. In the second part of my diploma thesis I will interpret the results from the survey I carried out. The survey’s main point was to find out how regularly preschool teachers plan activities that include a self-portrait and what kind of activities they use. I will also interpret the results that were obtained from one of the preschools in the Ljubljana area. There, the children had to draw their self-portraits. I will compare their self-portraits with the help of the Goodenough-Harris scale.