Molekularni mehanizmi mikorizne simbioze

• Main Author: Dimnik, Živa
• Other Authors: Štajner, Nataša
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: Ž. Dimnik 2020
• Subjects: Mikoriza; simbioza; ektomikoriza; Laccaria bicolor; Populus trichocarpa; gen PtLecRLK; Mycorrhiza; symbiosis; ectomycorrhiza; gene PtLecRLK1; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/601.4:575.116.4:581.557:582.28(043.2); sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=119709; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=134435&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/31191043?lang=sl

Ektomikorizna simbioza je kljub svoji razširjenosti po svetu slabo raziskana. V svojem diplomskem delu sem pregledala raziskave kjer so znanstveniki ugotavljali pomen različnih hormonov, proteinov in genov, ki so potrebni za nastanek in pravilno delovanje mikorizne simbioze. Rastlinski hormoni igrajo pomembno vlogo pri sami zaznavi rastline in glive, saj je ključno, da oba organizma lahko tako producirata kot tudi zaznavata molekularne signale drug drugega. Poleg vloge v samemu začetku mikorizne simbioze pa so tudi potrebni za njeno ohranjanje in regulacijo. Pomembni pa so seveda določeni geni gostiteljske rastline, katerih odsotnost onemogoča celoten nastanek ektomikorize. Znanstveniki so preiskovali simbiozni sistem med glivo Laccaria bicolor in drevesom Populus trichocarpa. Z uporabo različnih metod (iskanje mutacij, genotipizacija, gensko kartiranje) so odkrili gen PtLecRLK1 za katerega so sklepali, da ima ključen pomen pri vzpostavitvi ektomikorize med L. bicolor in P.trichocarpa. Gen so vnesli v rastlino Arabidopsis thaliana, ki, z omenjeno glivo, naravno ne tvori mikorize. Transgena rastlina je pokazala sposobnost tvorjenja ektomikorizne simbioze z L. bicolor. Na podlagi teh ugotovitev hipoteza o pomembnosti gena PtLecRLK1 drži. Despite its prevalence worldwide, ectomycorrhizal symbiosis is poorly researched. In my thesis, I reviewed research where scientists discovered the importance of various hormones, proteins, and genes necessary for the formation and proper functioning of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant hormones are very important for allowing plants and fungi to recognize each other, as it is crucial that both organisms can produce and perceive each other’s molecular signals. In addition to their role in the very beginning of mycorrhizal symbiosis, hormones are also necessary for its maintenance and regulation. Certain genes of the host plant are also important as the absence of them prevents formation of ectomycorrhiza. Scientists have investigated the symbiotic system between the fungus Laccaria bicolor and the tree Populus trichocarpa. Using various methods (mutation search, genotyping, gene mapping), the PtLecRLK1 gene was discovered, which was concluded to be crucial in establishing ectomycorrhiza between L. bicolor and P. trichocarpa. The gene was transferred into the Arabidopsis thaliana plant, which does not naturally form mycorrhiza with said fungus. The transgenic plant showed the ability to form ectomycorrhizal symbiosis with L. bicolor. Based on these findings, the hypothesis of the importance of the PtLecRLK1 gene holds.