Stališča specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagogov do materinstva oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju

• Main Author: Marolt, Patricija
• Other Authors: Žgur, Erna
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: starševstvo; parenthood; sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=115942; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=129325&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/13181955 ?lang=sl

Matere z motnjami v duševnem razvoju se poleg ovir, ki jim jih prinašajo njihove znižane sposobnosti intelektualnega funkcioniranja ter prilagojenega vedenja, težje soočajo z zahtevami materinstva. Stališča okolice ter sistem podpore pa jim pri tem ni v največjo pomoč ter prestavlja dodaten izziv, pri uspešnem opravljanju vloge matere. Čeprav otroci, rojeni materam z motnjami v duševnem razvoju, sami teh motenj ne bodo nujno imeli, pa je prisotnost razvojnih zaostankov ter vedenjskih težav večja. Razumevanje in izobraževanje o omenjeni temi je ključno, če želimo kot strokovnjaki zagotavljati zadostno podporo ter pomoč tako otrokom kot materam. Učitelj se je v večjih raziskavah izkazal kot tista pomembna oseba, ki lahko vpliva na otrokov izid uspešnosti tako v šolskem prostoru kot kasneje v življenju. V magistrskem delu smo raziskali stališča specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagogov do materinstva oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju. Raziskava je izvedena s pomočjo anketnih vprašalnikov na vzorcu 101 specialnega in rehabilitacijskega pedagoga, zaposlenega v prilagojenem programu z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom, posebnem programu vzgoje in izobraževanja ter na mestu izvajalca dodatne strokovne pomoči. Pridobljeni podatki so obdelani v programu SPSS s pomočjo Man-Whitneyjevega testa, Kruskal Walliesovega testa ter s pomočjo Spermanovega koeficienta korelacije. Raziskava pokaže, da obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike o stališčih specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagogov glede na, pogostost interakcij z materami z motnjami v duševnem razvoju ter delovnim mestom, kjer so specialni in rehabilitacijski pedagogi zaposleni. Do statistično pomembnih razlik v stališčih do materinstva oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju pa ne prihaja med tistimi specialnimi in rehabilitacijskimi pedagogi, ki so že starši ali skrbniki, in tistimi, ki to niso in glede na njihovo delovno dobo. Mothers with intellectual disabilities face many obstacles on a daily basis because of their difficulties functioning and engaging in adaptive behavior. These difficulties may be even harder with respect to raising children and the many challenges associated with motherhood. Lack of social network and support from the community are additional challenges to mothers with intellectual disabilities. Even though children of mothers with intellectual disabilities are not likely to have intellectual disabilities of their own, there is a higher risk for them to experience developmental delays and/or behavioral issues. It is critical for special education teachers to continue educating themselves on this topic if they are to provide appropriate support and help to those families, especially children. Many studies demonstrate the important role teachers can play by having huge impact on children’s’ school success and their outcomes as a teenagers or even as adults. In this research, we explore the attitudes of special education teachers toward mothers with intellectual disabilities. We sent out questionnaires to special education teachers working at schools with a special program and curriculum for students with intellectual disabilities or learning disabilities. All the data were analyzed in SPSS program, using the Man Whitney test, the Kruskal Wallies test, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Of a sample of 101 special education teachers, we found significant differences in attitudes of special education teachers according to their workplace and frequency of interactions with mothers with intellectual disabilities. However, we did not find any significant difference in attitudes of special education teachers with respect to them being a parent or legal guardian or their years of service.