Označevanje teritorija pri evrazijskem risu (Lynx lynx L.) na območju slovenskih Dinaridov - Hočevar, Lan (L. Hočevar, 2020)
Označevanje teritorija pri evrazijskem risu (Lynx lynx L.) je eden glavnih načinov znotrajvrstnega sporazumevanja med osebki te vrste. Izraža se z označevanjem objektov z urinom ter drgnjenjem telesa ob te objekte. Poznavanje tega obnašanja je pomembno pri raziskovanju te skrivnostne mačke in razumevanje njenega socialnega sistema. Diplomska naloga obravnava vlogo in značilnosti označevanja teritorija pri evrazijskem risu na območju slovenskih Dinaridov. Raziskava je zajemala sledenje risa v snegu vključno z meritvami dolžin sledi, popis značilnosti objektov za označevanje in popis razpoložljivosti potencialnih objektov na njegovi poti. Opravljena je bila tudi video spremljava označevanega objekta. Cilj naloge je bil raziskati teritorialno vedenje evrazijskega risa povezano z označevanjem objektov, ugotoviti katere objekte izbira za označevanje, kako označuje in ali so uporabljeni objekti za označevanje naključno izbrani ali jih ris dejansko izbira. Namen je bil tudi analizirati dogajanje in spremljanje prisotnosti drugih živali v okolici objekta za označevanja. Skupna pot, kjer smo sledili risu je znašala 17,98 km. Domnevamo, da smo vselej sledili istemu osebku. Ris je za označevanje največkrat uporabljal mlade iglavce (37%) ter izbiral objekte v višinskem razredu od 0,5 % 1 m. Pogostost označevanja je bila najvišja na gozdnih cestah z 9,7 označevanji / km, najnižja pa na gozdnih vlakah s 3,5 označevanji / km. Poraščenost skal z mahom in njihov naklon ni vplivala na izbiro označevanja. Ris ni izbiral objektov za označevanje glede na obliko gozdne ceste (notranja stran ovinka, zunanja stran ovinka, ravnina). Z video spremljavo smo na podlagi 8 posnetkov ugotovili, da se je isti spremljan osebek vračal na povprečno 14,1 dni ter vedno v nočnem ali zgodnje-jutranjem času. V okolici objekta za označevanje (drevesni štor) so bili prisotni še jazbec (Meles meles), lisica (Vulpes vulpes), jelenjad (Cervus elaphus) in rjavi medved (Ursus arctos). Territorial marking is one of the main ways of communication between individuals of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx L.). It encompasses marking of objects with the urine and body scrubbing. Understanding this behavior is important when studying these elusive cats and understanding of their social system. The Diploma thesis deals with the role of territory marking of the Eurasian lynx in the area of Slovenian Dinarides and the characteristics of this behavior. The study consisted of tracking lynx in the snow, analysing characteristics of marking objects and survey of availability of potential objects on its path. There was also a video monitoring of one of the marking objects. The aim of the thesis was to explore territorial behavior of Eurasian lynx associated with marking of objects, selection of these objects, as well as spatial and temporal frequency of territorial marking by lynx. The purpose of video monitoring of tree stump was also to analyze behavior and monitor the presence of other forest animals at the marking object. We tracked lynx in snow in total of 17,98 km. We assume that we have always followed the same individual. Lynx often used young conifers for marking (37%), and had preferably marked the objects that were in the height range from 0,5 % 1 m. Frequency of marking was highest on forest roads with 9,7 markings per kilometer and the lowest in forest tracks with 3,5 markings per kilometer. Coverage with moss and inclination did not affect lynx selection of marking on the rocks. Lynx also do not select objects for marking based on the shape of forest roads (inner side of the bend, outside bend, straight road). With video monitoring that was based on 8 shots, we observed that the adult male lynx had an average of 14,1 days of returning time to the marked tree stump, and always visited it at night or dawn. In the nearby of this marking object, we also noticed presence of European badger (Meles meles), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and brown bear (Ursus arctos).