Identifikacija in karakterizacija gliv iz rodov Psychrophila in Articulospora, osamljenih z grenlandske črne ledene ploskve - Majger, Patricija (P. Majger, 2019)
Grenlandska ledena ploskev zavzema večino površine največjega otoka na svetu Grenlandije. Kljub nizkim temperaturam se na njej nahajajo različne mikrobne združbe, prilagojene na življenje v takem okolju. V dosedanjih študijah je bil poudarek predvsem na negojljivih ledenih algah iz razreda Zygnematophyceae in bakterijah. Glive pa do danes še niso bile raziskane. V okviru evropskega projekta »Black and Bloom«, ki se ukvarja s pojavom temnenja grenlandske ledene ploskve in njegovimi posledicami, so iz vzorcev petih različnih habitatov osamili 260 glivnih in 46 bakterijskih izolatov. Izolate smo identificirali do rodovnega in v nekaterih primerih vrstnega nivoja na osnovi izbranih nukleotidnih zaporedij, podrobneje pa smo proučevali izolate rodov Articulospora in Psychrophila (Helotiales, Ascomycota). Njihova karakterizacija je potekala na osnovi nukleotidnih zaporedij ITS rDNA ter specifičnih hišnih genov. Poleg tega smo izbranim izolatom proučili morfološke lastnosti, določili njihove encimske aktivnosti in sposobnost rasti pri različnih temperaturah ter različnih koncentracijah soli. Na osnovi opravljenih raziskav predvidevamo, da proučevani izolati rodov Articulospora in Psychrophila predstavljajo novi vrsti. V končnem delu naloge smo raziskali prisotnost interakcije izbranega izolata rodu Articulospora z negojljivima ledeniškima algama Ancylonema nordenskiöldii in Mesotaenium berggrenii, ki na Grenlandiji povzročata črnenje ledu zaradi obilnega cvetenja in proizvodnje črnega pigmenta. Prišli smo do ugotovitve, da je izbrana gliva v interakciji z negojljivima ledeniškima algama, ki spominja na lišaj. Greenland ice sheet covers the majority of Greenland's surface. Despite low temperatures, various microbial communities are adapted to such environment and can therefore be found on the island. Studies conducted up to date mostly emphasize unculturable ice algae from the Zygnematophyceae class and bacteria. However fungi, have not been studied yet. The European project »Black and Bloom« is dealing with darkening of the Greenland ice sheet (black ice phenomenon) and its consequences. In the scope of the project five different habitats were sampled from which 260 fungal and 46 bacterial strains were isolated. Isolates were identified to the genus level, and in some cases to species level based on selected nucleotide sequences. More specifically we studied isolates of the genera Articulospora and Psychrophila (Helotiales, Ascomycota). They were identified based on nucleotide sequences of the ITS rDNA and specific housekeeping genes. Apart from that, we examined morphological characteristics of the selected isolates and determined their enzymatic activities and the capacity to grow at different temperatures and different salt concentrations. Based on the results, we predict that the examined isolates of the Articulospora and Psychrophila genera represent new species. In the last part of the thesis, we have examined the interaction between the chosen isolate of genus Articulospora with unculturable ice algae Ancylonema nordenskiöldii and Mesotaenium berggrenii. The latter two species cause ice darkening on Greenland due to heavy blooming and black pigment production. We come to a conclusion, the chosen fungi is in interaction with unculturable ice algae that reminiscence to lichen.