Kontinuiteta in evalvacija nekaterih etičnih vprašanj v pokoncilskih cerkvenih dokumentih

• Main Author: Valenčič, Rafko
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: Inštitut za ekumensko teologijo in medreligijski dialog pri Teološki fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani 2019
• Subjects: koncil; etična vprašanja; človek - pot Cerkve; razvoj družbe; kontinuiteta; moralni nauk; vprašanja sedanjega sveta; council; ethical questions; man way of the Church; development of society; continuity; moral teaching; questions in the present world; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/27-42(093.2); sami
• Online Access: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=109021; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=120312&dn=; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=120615&dn=; https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?id=120314&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/10524419?lang=sl

Drugi vatikanski koncil (1962–1965) se je dotaknil številnih etičnih vprašanj zlasti v Pastoralni konstituciji Cerkev v sedanjem svetu. Cerkev, ki deli s svetom »veselje in upanje, žalost in zaskrbljenost« (CS 1965, 1), ni ostala ravnodušna do dogajanj v njej sami in njenem odnosu do sveta. Zavedala se je, da nima na vsa (nova) vprašanja že pripravljenih odgovorov, vendar jih v duhu zvestobe Kristusu, njegovemu evangeliju in Božjemu Duhu nenehno išče ter vernike in tudi drugače misleče vabi k iskrenemu iskanju. Sama to dela s poglobitvijo etičnih vidikov s številnimi dokumenti papežev in osrednjih cerkvenih (rimskih) ustanov ter krajevnih Cerkva, zlasti celinskih (kontinentalnih). Pomembnejša etično/moralna vprašanja so (bila) deležna vnovične utemeljitve in poglobitve glede na izzive in potrebe sedanjega razvoja. To velja tako za osebnostno kot občestveno (družbeno, cerkvenostno) raven. Osnovno izhodišče je človek, enota duha in telesa, odrešen v Kristusu, popolnem človeku, ki kaže pot počlovečenja človek je namreč pot Cerkve in družbe. Človekovo dostojanstvo in poklicanost se dopolnjujeta. Kristjan je poklican k popolnosti in svetosti, za katero si prizadeva v vsakdanjem življenju in delu. Slehernega človeka (drugače mislečega, verujočega) Božji Duh spodbuja k etičnemu ravnanju in dopolnjevanju. Nekatera vprašanja so bila, glede na razvoj družbenega življenja, deležna posebne obravnave, kot so odgovorno urejanje spočetij (okrožnica Humanae vitae), spoštovanje človeškega življenja od spočetja do naravnega konca (Evangelium vitae bioetična in medicinska vprašanja), zakon in družina kot nosilca osebnega in družbenega razvoja (Familiaris consortio, Pismo družinam), razvoj (meje) znanosti in tehnike v službi celostnega razvoja osebe in družbe (socialne okrožnice so integralni del moralnega nauka Cerkve), medčloveški in mednarodni odnosi (družbeni, gospodarski, politični) kot etična vprašanja, nastajajoče napetosti v novi, globalizirani družbi (nasprotja med kulturnimi, verskimi in drugimi izročili), ki bo preživela in se dopolnjevala le v razumevanju in sprejemanju drugega. Cerkev spodbuja, naj posamezniki, združenja, svetovne in druge ustanove vztrajno razumno in odgovorno iščejo odgovore v zavesti, da delajo za skupno dobro človeka, narodov in sveta. Koncil se je le bežno dotaknil danes urgentnih vprašanj, kot so ekologija, energetska kriza, globalizacija, informacijska družba, ki jih obravnavajo novejši cerkveni dokumenti. Koncil spodbuja laike (znanstvenike, odgovorne), naj pod vodstvom duha (Duha) iskreno in odgovorno iščejo odgovore, pri katerih naj v evangeliju najdejo sogovornika in svetovalca. The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) touched upon a number of ethical questions on »The Church in the Present World«. The Church, which shares »joy and hope, sorrow and anxiety« (CS 1965, 1) with the world, did not remain unconcerned towards the happenings in itself and its relations with the world. Regarding all (new) questions, it was aware that it had not all the ready–made answers which, in the spirit of its fidelity to Christ, His Gospel and God’s Spirit, has always been after, while inviting believers and non-believers to take part in a sincere quest. The Church itself endeavours to do that through the deepening of ethical aspects in many papal documents and those issued by central church institutions (in Rome) and local Churches, above all the continental ones. All of the important ethical/moral questions have been substantiated and deepened anew, in keeping with the challenges and needs of current developments. This concerns both: the personal and the congregational (social, church) level. The basic starting point is a man, a unity of the spirit and body, redeemed in Christ, a complete man that shows the way to a full humanization a man as the way of the Church and society. Man’s dignity and calling are complementary. A Christian is called to perfection and holiness, which he strives for in everyday life and work. Every man (non–believer, believer) is stimulated by God’s Spirit to act ethically and to constantly supplement such activities. Some questions, considering the development of social life, were treated separately, including responsible regulation of conceptions (Humanae vitae), due respect of human life from its conception to its natural end (Evangelium vitae bioethical and medical questions), marriage and family as carriers of personal and social development (Familiaris consortio, Letter to Families), development of the (limits) of science and technologies at the service of an integrated development of an individual and the entire society (social circular letters are essential constituent part of the Church’s moral teachings), interhuman and international relations (social, economic, political etc.) as ethical questions, rising tensions in the new globalized society (disparities between cultural, religious and other traditions), which is likely to survive and supplement itself only through understanding and accepting the other . The Church has constantly encouraged individuals, associations, global and other institutions to seek reasonable as well as responsible answers, while being aware that they are contributing to the common good for man, nations and the world. Only fleetingly, the Council touched upon urgent questions nowadays, such as ecology, energy crisis, globalization, information society etc., which were addressed by the most recent Church documents. The Council has nevertheless encouraged laypeople (scholars, responsible ones) – while led by the spirit (Spirit) – to look sincerely and responsibly for answers by having their co-discussant and a counsellor in the Gospel.