Vpliv krmljenja z mrhovino na obiskanost krmišč pri rjavem medvedu (Ursus arctos). - Ule, Robert (2018)
Rjavi medved (Ursus arctos) je naša največja zver in od nekdaj predstavlja velik izziv za upravljanje. Človeku predstavlja strahospoštovanja vredno žival, s katero nemalokrat zaidemo v konflikt. Leta 2004 so v Sloveniji ukinili mrhovišča in takrat naj bi se po mnenju nekaterih strokovnjakov povečali konflikti med človekom in medvedom. Namen te naloge je preučiti, ali bi bilo smiselno ponovno uvesti mrhovišča. Zato smo na območju, kjer je gostota medveda velika in je stalno prisoten, izvedli poskus krmljenja. S pomočjo foto pasti smo na krmišču LD Cerknica in krmišču LD Grahovo v dveh sezonah raziskovali, ali mrhovina vpliva na obiskanost krmišč. Ugotovili smo, da mrhovina vpliva na obiskanost krmišč, vendar se učinek razlikuje med letnimi časi in leti. V splošnem je bilo krmišče založeno z mrhovino precej bolje obiskano kot tisto s koruzo. Tip krme, ki se uporablja (rastlinska ali mešana z mrhovino), vpliva tudi na različno časovno obiskanost krmišč tekom dneva. Rezultati pridobljeni v okviru tega diplomskega dela bodo lahko v pomoč lovcem za lažje izvrševanje odstrela medveda, saj jim daje vpogled v to, kdaj in v katerem letnem času medved najraje zahaja na krmišče z mrhovino oziroma krmo rastlinskega izvora. Brown bear (Ursus arctos) is Slovenian largest beast, and has long been challenging to manage. Humans have always been in awe of bears with which they have had numerous conflicts. In 2004, Slovenia banned carrion feeding sites, and at the time some experts thought this would increase the conflicts between humans and bears. The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether it would be sensible to re-establish carrion feeding sites. Therefore, we carried out a feeding experiment in the area with high bear density and continuous bear presence. We set and left photo traps at two feeding sites owned by the hunting families of Cerknica and Grahovo, and investigated for two seasons whether carrion affects bear visits to the sites. We established that it does, however, the effect is dependent of the season and year. Generally speaking, the carrion feeding site was much better visited than the one which only offered maize. The type of foodstuffs used (plant-based fodder or fodder mixed with carrion) also affects the varied times of visits to the site during the day. The results obtained within this graduate thesis will be useful to hunters during bear culling as they provide an insight into when and in which time of the year bears are likely to visit the carrion feeding sites or feeding sites with maize.