Ozaveščenost staršev o nudenju prve pomoči predšolskemu otroku - Velić, Alma (2018)
Uvod: Znanje prve pomoči je ključnega pomena za starše, saj se poškodbe in nenadna bolezenska stanja pri otrocih največkrat zgodijo prav doma. Prisotnost otrok na oddelkih za nudenje prve pomoči zaradi poškodb, nastalih doma, v vrtcih ali drugje, je vse pogostejša. Nezgode so velika nevarnost za otroke po vsem svetu, saj v večini razvitih držav predstavljajo glavni vzrok njihovih smrti in hudih poškodb. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti nujna stanja in poškodbe pri predšolskemu otroku ter opisati prvo pomoč, ki jo starši lahko nudijo v primeru poškodb in nujnih stanj. S kvantitativno raziskavo smo želeli raziskati ozaveščenost staršev o prvi pomoči, ugotoviti njihovo znanje o temeljnih postopkih oživljanja in kako sami ocenjujejo svoje znanje. Metode dela: V prvem delu je pri pregledu literature uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela. Za zbiranje podatkov je uporabljen kvantitativni raziskovalni pristop. Oblikovali smo anketni vprašalnik, ki vsebuje 26 vprašanj. Ciljna populacija so bili naključni starši predšolskih otrok. Anketiranje je potekalo v mesecu februarju in marcu 2018. Rezultati: V raziskavo smo vključili 106 staršev predšolskih otrok. Večina anketirancev je starih od 31 do 40 let in ima dokončano poklicno ali srednjo šolo, največ otrok anketiranih staršev pa je starih 6 let. Največ (83 %) staršev je tečaj prve pomoči opravilo ob opravljanju vozniškega izpita. Kar 43 % jih je ta tečaj opravilo največ 10 let nazaj. Le 20,9 % staršev ve, v kakšnem razmerju oživljamo otroka, starejšega od 1 leta, in samo 23,8 % staršev ve, v kakšen položaj damo otroka, ki je v šoku. Razprava in sklep: Rezultati kažejo na pomanjkljivo stopnjo ozaveščenosti o nudenju prve pomoči predšolskemu otroku. Glede na to, da so nenamerne poškodbe zelo pogoste, in da jih ni mogoče v celoti preprečiti, smo mnenja, da je smiselno zmanjševanje pogostosti njihovega pojava s preventivnimi ukrepi. Posebno pozornost je potrebno posvetiti redni obnovi znanja prve pomoči, kar velja za starše, vzgojiteljice v vrtcih in vse ostale, ki delajo z otroci. Introduction: First aid knowledge is of utmost importance for parents, because in majority of cases, the injuries and diseases with rapid onset occur at home. Number of children seeking help in emergency department is rising, mostly due to injuries acquired at home or in the kindergarten. In developed countries, accidents present the main reason for severe injuries and death in children. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present urgent states, situations, injuries in preschool children and define the correct first aid steps, that can be taken by the parents in emergency situations. Using quantitative research method, we want to determine the parents' awareness about first aid, determine their basic resuscitation knowledge and their knowledge self-evaluation. Methods: A descriptive method was used to perform a literature review. Data was collected in february and march 2018, using quantitative research approach and a questionnaire with 26 questions, targeting parents of preschool children. Results: In this research, 106 parents of preschool children were included. The majority of them were between 31 and 40 years of age, finished secondary school. Most (83 %) parents completed the first aid course as a part of their driver's licence training and 43 % completed it less than 10 years ago. 20,9 % know the correct compression to inhalation ratio for children aged 1 or more and only 23,8 % of the parents know the correct position for a child in shock. Discussion and conclusion: Results show that the parents' knowledge of first aid for preschool children is low and inadequate. Because accidents are relatively frequent and have a limited prevention possibility, we believe that using certain preventive measures and knowledge could play an important role in reducing their occurence. In that regard, renewing the first aid knowledge is most important, for parents, kindergarten teachers and everyone else in frequent contact with children.