Relationship between anthropogenic activities and water quality in the Carrizal River, El Limón site, using bivalvos as bioindicators

• Main Authors: Chancay-García, Ramón Antonio, Ureta-Espinoza, José Abraham
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Editorial Universitaria ULEAM 2018
• Subjects: Alta; Morro; Tuvo; Crassostrea gigas
• Online Access: https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/allpa/article/view/55

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the relationship between anthropogenic activities and the water quality of the Carrizal River, El Limón site, anthropogenic activities were determined through routes recorded on an observation sheet, subsistence agriculture predominates with a 50 % highlighting large-scale banana crops, livestock by 13% and tourism activities with 19%; three sampling stations were established (Puente El Morro, Puente El Limón, Lindero del Coliseo ESPAM); For the collection and sampling of bivalves, a Surber-type network was used during daylight hours; after the collection, the Shannon-Wienner index was applied, which was 2.98, which is considered a high average diversity; since four species were identified: Corbicula fluminea with 322 individuals, Larkinia grandis with 4 ind., Illichione subrugosa with 6 ind., and Crassostrea gigas with 12 ind., for the calculation of the Biotic Integrity Index (IBI) which produced a value of 24 which indicates a poor water quality, which rejected the idea to defend raised in the investigation and based on these results a survey was conducted that determined the degree of knowledge about pollution in the area and based to the opinions of the respondents, control and mitigation measures focused on river bed cleaning, riverbank reforestation, separation of solid waste and prohibition of liquid discharges into river water were developed. Keywords: subsistence agriculture, macroinvertebrates, IBI, water quality. la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la relación de las actividades antropogénicas y la calidad del agua del río Carrizal, sitio El Limón; se determinaron las actividades antropogénicas a través de recorridos registrados en una ficha de observación, predominan la agricultura de subsistencia con un 50% destacando los cultivos de banano a gran escala, la ganadería en un 13% y las actividades turísticas con 19%; se establecieron tres estaciones de muestreo (Puente El Morro, Puente El Limón, Lindero del Coliseo ESPAM); para la recolección y muestreo de bivalvos se empleó una red tipo Surber en horas de luz; posterior a la recolecta, se aplicó el índice de Shannon-Wienner el cual fue de 2,98 lo cual es considerado una diversidad media alta; ya que se identificaron cuatro especies: Corbicula fluminea con 322 individuos, Larkinia grandis con 4 ind., Illichione subrugosa con 6 ind., y Crassostrea gigas con 12 ind., para el cálculo del Índice de Integridad Biótica (IBI) el cual arrojó un valor de 24 lo que indica una calidad del agua pobre, con lo que se rechazó la idea a defender planteada en la investigación y en función de estos resultados se realizó una encuesta que determinó el grado de conocimiento sobre la contaminación en la zona y en base a las apreciaciones de los encuestados se elaboraron medidas de control y mitigación enfocadas en la limpieza del lecho del río, reforestación de riberas, separación de residuos sólidos y prohibición de vertidos líquidos al agua del río. Palabras clave: macroinvertebrados, IBI, calidad del agua. Abstract The purpose of this research was to evaluate the relationship between anthropogenic activities and the water quality of the Carrizal River, El Limón site, anthropogenic activities were determined through routes recorded on an observation sheet, subsistence agriculture predominates with a 50 % highlighting large-scale banana crops, livestock by 13% and tourism activities with 19%; three sampling stations were established (Puente El Morro, Puente El Limón, Lindero del Coliseo ESPAM); For the collection and sampling of bivalves, a Surber-type network was used during daylight hours; after the collection, the Shannon-Wienner index was applied, which was 2.98, which is considered a high average diversity; since four species were identified: Corbicula fluminea with 322 individuals, Larkinia grandis with 4 ind., Illichione subrugosa with 6 ind., and Crassostrea gigas with 12 ind., for the calculation of the Biotic Integrity Index (IBI) which produced a value of 24 which indicates a poor water quality, which rejected the idea to defend raised in the investigation and based on these results a survey was conducted that determined the degree of knowledge about pollution in the area and based to the opinions of the respondents, control and mitigation measures focused on river bed cleaning, riverbank reforestation, separation of solid waste and prohibition of liquid discharges into river water were developed. Keywords: subsistence agriculture, macroinvertebrates, IBI, water quality. Fecha de recepción: 22 de noviembre de 2017; Fecha de aceptación: 08 de enero de 2018; Fecha de publicación: 09 de enero de 2018.