Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet
Retrieving a large amount of genetic information from extinct species was demonstrated feasible, but complete mitochondrial genome sequences have only been deciphered for the moa, a bird that became extinct a few hundred years ago, and for Pleistocene species, such as the woolly mammoth and the mast...
Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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2008
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11370/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806143105 |
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ftunigroningenpu:oai:pure.rug.nl:publications/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 2024-06-02T08:13:07+00:00 Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet Bon, Céline Caudy, Nicolas De Dieuleveult, Maud Fosse, Philippe Philippe, Michel Maksud, Frédéric Beraud-Colomb, Éliane Bouzaid, Eric Kefi, Rym Laugier, Christelle Rousseau, Bernard Casane, Didier Van Der Plicht, Johannes Elalouf, Jean-Marc 2008-11-11 https://hdl.handle.net/11370/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806143105 eng eng https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Bon , C , Caudy , N , De Dieuleveult , M , Fosse , P , Philippe , M , Maksud , F , Beraud-Colomb , É , Bouzaid , E , Kefi , R , Laugier , C , Rousseau , B , Casane , D , Van Der Plicht , J & Elalouf , J-M 2008 , ' Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet ' , Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol. 105 , no. 45 , pp. 17447-17452 . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806143105 ancient DNA pleistocene Ursus spelaeus URSUS-ARCTOS BROWN BEAR MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD EVOLUTION CARNIVORES SEQUENCES GENETICS SPELAEUS URSIDAE article 2008 ftunigroningenpu https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806143105 2024-05-07T18:35:25Z Retrieving a large amount of genetic information from extinct species was demonstrated feasible, but complete mitochondrial genome sequences have only been deciphered for the moa, a bird that became extinct a few hundred years ago, and for Pleistocene species, such as the woolly mammoth and the mastodon, both of which could be studied from animals embedded in permafrost. To enlarge the diversity of mitochondrial genomes available for Pleistocene species, we turned to the cave bear (Ursus spelaeus), whose only remains consist of skeletal elements. We collected bone samples from the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet-Pont d'Arc (France), which displays the earliest known human drawings, and contains thousands of bear remains. We selected a cave bear sternebra, radiocarbon dated to 32,000 years before present, from which we generated overlapping DNA fragments assembling into a 16,810-base pair mitochondrial genome. Together with the first mitochondrial genome for the brown bear western lineage, this study provides a statistically secured molecular phylogeny assessing the cave bear as a sister taxon to the brown bear and polar bear clade, with a divergence inferred to 1.6 million years ago. With the first mitochondrial genome for a Pleistocene carnivore to be delivered, our study establishes the Chauvet-Pont d'Arc Cave as a new reservoir for Paleogenetic studies. These molecular data enable establishing the chronology of bear speciation, and provide a helpful resource to rescue for genetic analysis archeological samples initially diagnosed as devoid of amplifiable DNA. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost polar bear Ursus arctos University of Groningen research database Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 45 17447 17452 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Groningen research database |
op_collection_id |
ftunigroningenpu |
language |
English |
topic |
ancient DNA pleistocene Ursus spelaeus URSUS-ARCTOS BROWN BEAR MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD EVOLUTION CARNIVORES SEQUENCES GENETICS SPELAEUS URSIDAE |
spellingShingle |
ancient DNA pleistocene Ursus spelaeus URSUS-ARCTOS BROWN BEAR MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD EVOLUTION CARNIVORES SEQUENCES GENETICS SPELAEUS URSIDAE Bon, Céline Caudy, Nicolas De Dieuleveult, Maud Fosse, Philippe Philippe, Michel Maksud, Frédéric Beraud-Colomb, Éliane Bouzaid, Eric Kefi, Rym Laugier, Christelle Rousseau, Bernard Casane, Didier Van Der Plicht, Johannes Elalouf, Jean-Marc Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet |
topic_facet |
ancient DNA pleistocene Ursus spelaeus URSUS-ARCTOS BROWN BEAR MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD EVOLUTION CARNIVORES SEQUENCES GENETICS SPELAEUS URSIDAE |
description |
Retrieving a large amount of genetic information from extinct species was demonstrated feasible, but complete mitochondrial genome sequences have only been deciphered for the moa, a bird that became extinct a few hundred years ago, and for Pleistocene species, such as the woolly mammoth and the mastodon, both of which could be studied from animals embedded in permafrost. To enlarge the diversity of mitochondrial genomes available for Pleistocene species, we turned to the cave bear (Ursus spelaeus), whose only remains consist of skeletal elements. We collected bone samples from the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet-Pont d'Arc (France), which displays the earliest known human drawings, and contains thousands of bear remains. We selected a cave bear sternebra, radiocarbon dated to 32,000 years before present, from which we generated overlapping DNA fragments assembling into a 16,810-base pair mitochondrial genome. Together with the first mitochondrial genome for the brown bear western lineage, this study provides a statistically secured molecular phylogeny assessing the cave bear as a sister taxon to the brown bear and polar bear clade, with a divergence inferred to 1.6 million years ago. With the first mitochondrial genome for a Pleistocene carnivore to be delivered, our study establishes the Chauvet-Pont d'Arc Cave as a new reservoir for Paleogenetic studies. These molecular data enable establishing the chronology of bear speciation, and provide a helpful resource to rescue for genetic analysis archeological samples initially diagnosed as devoid of amplifiable DNA. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bon, Céline Caudy, Nicolas De Dieuleveult, Maud Fosse, Philippe Philippe, Michel Maksud, Frédéric Beraud-Colomb, Éliane Bouzaid, Eric Kefi, Rym Laugier, Christelle Rousseau, Bernard Casane, Didier Van Der Plicht, Johannes Elalouf, Jean-Marc |
author_facet |
Bon, Céline Caudy, Nicolas De Dieuleveult, Maud Fosse, Philippe Philippe, Michel Maksud, Frédéric Beraud-Colomb, Éliane Bouzaid, Eric Kefi, Rym Laugier, Christelle Rousseau, Bernard Casane, Didier Van Der Plicht, Johannes Elalouf, Jean-Marc |
author_sort |
Bon, Céline |
title |
Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet |
title_short |
Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet |
title_full |
Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet |
title_fullStr |
Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet |
title_full_unstemmed |
Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet |
title_sort |
deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the paleolithic painted cave of chauvet |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11370/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806143105 |
genre |
permafrost polar bear Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
permafrost polar bear Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Bon , C , Caudy , N , De Dieuleveult , M , Fosse , P , Philippe , M , Maksud , F , Beraud-Colomb , É , Bouzaid , E , Kefi , R , Laugier , C , Rousseau , B , Casane , D , Van Der Plicht , J & Elalouf , J-M 2008 , ' Deciphering the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of the extinct cave bear in the Paleolithic painted cave of Chauvet ' , Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol. 105 , no. 45 , pp. 17447-17452 . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806143105 |
op_relation |
https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/c45f46d1-8f7c-435e-b27c-abefbbc234f5 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806143105 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
105 |
container_issue |
45 |
container_start_page |
17447 |
op_container_end_page |
17452 |
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1800759778326085632 |