Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation
The formation of waves is a vivid example of collective behaviour occurring in insects, birds, fish and mammals, which has been interpreted as an antipredator response. In birds a quantitative characterization of this phenomenon, involving thousands of individuals, is missing and its link with preda...
Published in: | Animal Behaviour |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2011
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11370/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.07.006 https://pure.rug.nl/ws/files/86224082/1_s2.0_S0003347211002867_main.pdf |
id |
ftunigroningenpu:oai:pure.rug.nl:publications/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunigroningenpu:oai:pure.rug.nl:publications/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 2024-09-15T18:05:26+00:00 Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation Procaccini, Andrea Orlandi, Alberto Cavagna, Andrea Giardina, Irene Zoratto, Francesca Santucci, Daniela Chiarotti, Flavia Hemelrijk, Charlotte K. Alleva, Enrico Parisi, Giorgio Carere, Claudio 2011-10 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11370/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.07.006 https://pure.rug.nl/ws/files/86224082/1_s2.0_S0003347211002867_main.pdf eng eng https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Procaccini , A , Orlandi , A , Cavagna , A , Giardina , I , Zoratto , F , Santucci , D , Chiarotti , F , Hemelrijk , C K , Alleva , E , Parisi , G & Carere , C 2011 , ' Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation ' , Animal Behavior , vol. 82 , no. 4 , pp. 759-765 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.07.006 birds collective behaviour flocking predation self-organization starling Sturnus vulgaris COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR FALCO-PEREGRINUS DUNLINS SUCCESS article 2011 ftunigroningenpu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.07.006 2024-07-01T14:49:22Z The formation of waves is a vivid example of collective behaviour occurring in insects, birds, fish and mammals, which has been interpreted as an antipredator response. In birds a quantitative characterization of this phenomenon, involving thousands of individuals, is missing and its link with predation remains elusive. We studied waves in flocks of starlings, a highly gregarious species, by both direct observation and quantitative computer vision analysis of HD video recordings, under predation by peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus. We found that waves originated from the position of the attacking predator and always propagated away from it. We measured their frequency and velocities, the latter often being larger than the velocity of the flock. A high positive correlation was found between the formation of waves and reduced predation success. We suggest that the tendency of a prey to escape, when initiated even by a few individuals in a cohesive group, elicits self-organized density waves. Such evident fluctuations in the local structure of the flocks are efficient in confusing predators. (C) 2011 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Article in Journal/Newspaper Falco peregrinus University of Groningen research database Animal Behaviour 82 4 759 765 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Groningen research database |
op_collection_id |
ftunigroningenpu |
language |
English |
topic |
birds collective behaviour flocking predation self-organization starling Sturnus vulgaris COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR FALCO-PEREGRINUS DUNLINS SUCCESS |
spellingShingle |
birds collective behaviour flocking predation self-organization starling Sturnus vulgaris COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR FALCO-PEREGRINUS DUNLINS SUCCESS Procaccini, Andrea Orlandi, Alberto Cavagna, Andrea Giardina, Irene Zoratto, Francesca Santucci, Daniela Chiarotti, Flavia Hemelrijk, Charlotte K. Alleva, Enrico Parisi, Giorgio Carere, Claudio Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation |
topic_facet |
birds collective behaviour flocking predation self-organization starling Sturnus vulgaris COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR FALCO-PEREGRINUS DUNLINS SUCCESS |
description |
The formation of waves is a vivid example of collective behaviour occurring in insects, birds, fish and mammals, which has been interpreted as an antipredator response. In birds a quantitative characterization of this phenomenon, involving thousands of individuals, is missing and its link with predation remains elusive. We studied waves in flocks of starlings, a highly gregarious species, by both direct observation and quantitative computer vision analysis of HD video recordings, under predation by peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus. We found that waves originated from the position of the attacking predator and always propagated away from it. We measured their frequency and velocities, the latter often being larger than the velocity of the flock. A high positive correlation was found between the formation of waves and reduced predation success. We suggest that the tendency of a prey to escape, when initiated even by a few individuals in a cohesive group, elicits self-organized density waves. Such evident fluctuations in the local structure of the flocks are efficient in confusing predators. (C) 2011 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Procaccini, Andrea Orlandi, Alberto Cavagna, Andrea Giardina, Irene Zoratto, Francesca Santucci, Daniela Chiarotti, Flavia Hemelrijk, Charlotte K. Alleva, Enrico Parisi, Giorgio Carere, Claudio |
author_facet |
Procaccini, Andrea Orlandi, Alberto Cavagna, Andrea Giardina, Irene Zoratto, Francesca Santucci, Daniela Chiarotti, Flavia Hemelrijk, Charlotte K. Alleva, Enrico Parisi, Giorgio Carere, Claudio |
author_sort |
Procaccini, Andrea |
title |
Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation |
title_short |
Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation |
title_full |
Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation |
title_fullStr |
Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation |
title_sort |
propagating waves in starling, sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11370/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.07.006 https://pure.rug.nl/ws/files/86224082/1_s2.0_S0003347211002867_main.pdf |
genre |
Falco peregrinus |
genre_facet |
Falco peregrinus |
op_source |
Procaccini , A , Orlandi , A , Cavagna , A , Giardina , I , Zoratto , F , Santucci , D , Chiarotti , F , Hemelrijk , C K , Alleva , E , Parisi , G & Carere , C 2011 , ' Propagating waves in starling, Sturnus vulgaris , flocks under predation ' , Animal Behavior , vol. 82 , no. 4 , pp. 759-765 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.07.006 |
op_relation |
https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/6ec2b219-83c4-485b-a7df-86ff78283d27 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.07.006 |
container_title |
Animal Behaviour |
container_volume |
82 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
759 |
op_container_end_page |
765 |
_version_ |
1810442993163829248 |