Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution
International audience For the first time, to our knowledge, a scientific study of the formation and evolution of waterfall ice, the ephemeral ice structures that form from the freezing of liquid water seeping on steep rock, was performed. We surveyed and analysed three waterfall ice structures near...
Published in: | Journal of Glaciology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2010
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Online Access: | https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562419 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310791968412 |
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ftunigrenoble:oai:HAL:insu-00562419v1 |
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Open Polar |
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Université Grenoble Alpes: HAL |
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ftunigrenoble |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology Montagnat, M. Weiss, J. Cinquin-Lapierre, B. Labory, P.A. Moreau, Luc Damilano, F. Lavigne, D. Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
description |
International audience For the first time, to our knowledge, a scientific study of the formation and evolution of waterfall ice, the ephemeral ice structures that form from the freezing of liquid water seeping on steep rock, was performed. We surveyed and analysed three waterfall ice structures near Glacier d'Argentière, Mont Blanc massif, France, between winter 2007 and spring 2009. We reconstruct the global evolution of two vertical ice structures using automatic digital cameras, while the internal ice microstructure was analysed using ice coring and sampling. Macro- and microstructural observations are considered, along with temperature conditions recorded at a nearby meteorological station and directly within the ice structure. They reveal that vertical structures initially grow rapidly from the aggregation of stalactites with microstructures indicative of temperature conditions during their crystallization. After this initial stage, the volume of the ice structure reaches an asymptotic value, as water continues to flow inside the structure, isolated from the outside cold ice; the outer surface remains dry. At the end of the season, the collapse of the free-standing structure does not occur by progressive melting, but is initiated by a horizontal crack propagation at the top. The initiation of this crack seems to be triggered by a drastic temperature decrease. |
author2 |
EDGe Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM) Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Mountain Guide Petzl |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Montagnat, M. Weiss, J. Cinquin-Lapierre, B. Labory, P.A. Moreau, Luc Damilano, F. Lavigne, D. |
author_facet |
Montagnat, M. Weiss, J. Cinquin-Lapierre, B. Labory, P.A. Moreau, Luc Damilano, F. Lavigne, D. |
author_sort |
Montagnat, M. |
title |
Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution |
title_short |
Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution |
title_full |
Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution |
title_fullStr |
Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution |
title_full_unstemmed |
Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution |
title_sort |
waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562419 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310791968412 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(69.468,69.468,-49.461,-49.461) |
geographic |
Mont Blanc |
geographic_facet |
Mont Blanc |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
ISSN: 0022-1430 Journal of Glaciology https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562419 Journal of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, 2010, 56 (196), pp.225-234. ⟨10.3189/002214310791968412⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3189/002214310791968412 insu-00562419 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562419 BIBCODE: 10.3189/002214310791968412 doi:10.3189/002214310791968412 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310791968412 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
56 |
container_issue |
196 |
container_start_page |
225 |
op_container_end_page |
234 |
_version_ |
1766048984516788224 |
spelling |
ftunigrenoble:oai:HAL:insu-00562419v1 2023-05-15T16:57:26+02:00 Waterfall ice: formation, structure and evolution Montagnat, M. Weiss, J. Cinquin-Lapierre, B. Labory, P.A. Moreau, Luc Damilano, F. Lavigne, D. EDGe Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM) Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Mountain Guide Petzl 2010-06 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562419 https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310791968412 en eng HAL CCSD International Glaciological Society info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3189/002214310791968412 insu-00562419 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562419 BIBCODE: 10.3189/002214310791968412 doi:10.3189/002214310791968412 ISSN: 0022-1430 Journal of Glaciology https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562419 Journal of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, 2010, 56 (196), pp.225-234. ⟨10.3189/002214310791968412⟩ [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2010 ftunigrenoble https://doi.org/10.3189/002214310791968412 2021-09-07T22:35:16Z International audience For the first time, to our knowledge, a scientific study of the formation and evolution of waterfall ice, the ephemeral ice structures that form from the freezing of liquid water seeping on steep rock, was performed. We surveyed and analysed three waterfall ice structures near Glacier d'Argentière, Mont Blanc massif, France, between winter 2007 and spring 2009. We reconstruct the global evolution of two vertical ice structures using automatic digital cameras, while the internal ice microstructure was analysed using ice coring and sampling. Macro- and microstructural observations are considered, along with temperature conditions recorded at a nearby meteorological station and directly within the ice structure. They reveal that vertical structures initially grow rapidly from the aggregation of stalactites with microstructures indicative of temperature conditions during their crystallization. After this initial stage, the volume of the ice structure reaches an asymptotic value, as water continues to flow inside the structure, isolated from the outside cold ice; the outer surface remains dry. At the end of the season, the collapse of the free-standing structure does not occur by progressive melting, but is initiated by a horizontal crack propagation at the top. The initiation of this crack seems to be triggered by a drastic temperature decrease. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Université Grenoble Alpes: HAL Mont Blanc ENVELOPE(69.468,69.468,-49.461,-49.461) Journal of Glaciology 56 196 225 234 |