Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants
International audience The detailed physical characteristics of the subarctic snowpack must be known to quantify the exchange of adsorbed pollutants between the atmosphere and the snow cover. For the first time, the combined evolutions of specific surface area (SSA), snow stratigraphy, temperature,...
Published in: | Environmental Science & Technology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2006
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-00375771 https://doi.org/10.1021/es060842j |
id |
ftunigrenoble:oai:HAL:insu-00375771v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunigrenoble:oai:HAL:insu-00375771v1 2024-05-12T07:59:40+00:00 Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants Taillandier, Anne-Sophie Domine, Florent Simpson, William R. Sturm, Matthew Douglas, Thomas A. Severin, Ken Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Geophysical Institute Fairbanks University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Fairbanks ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) USACE Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Department of Geology and Geophysics 2006 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00375771 https://doi.org/10.1021/es060842j en eng HAL CCSD American Chemical Society info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1021/es060842j insu-00375771 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00375771 doi:10.1021/es060842j ISSN: 0013-936X EISSN: 1520-5851 Environmental Science and Technology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00375771 Environmental Science and Technology, 2006, 40 (24), pp.7521 à 7527. ⟨10.1021/es060842j⟩ [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2006 ftunigrenoble https://doi.org/10.1021/es060842j 2024-04-18T03:02:45Z International audience The detailed physical characteristics of the subarctic snowpack must be known to quantify the exchange of adsorbed pollutants between the atmosphere and the snow cover. For the first time, the combined evolutions of specific surface area (SSA), snow stratigraphy, temperature, and density were monitored throughout winter in central Alaska. We define the snow area index (SAI) as the vertically integrated surface area of snow crystals, and this variable is used to quantify pollutants' adsorption. Intense metamorphism generated by strong temperature gradients formed a thick depth hoar layer with low SSA (90 cm2 g-1) and density (200 kg m-3), resulting in a low SAI. After snowpack buildup in autumn, the winter SAI remained around 1000 m2/m2 of ground, much lower than the SAI of the Arctic snowpack, 2500 m2 m-2. With the example of PCBs 28 and 180, we calculate that the subarctic snowpack is a smaller reservoir of adsorbed pollutants than the Arctic snowpack and less efficiently transfers adsorbed pollutants from the atmosphere to ecosystems. The difference is greater for the more volatile PCB 28. With climate change, snowpack structure will be modified, and the snowpack's ability to transfer adsorbed pollutants from the atmosphere to ecosystems may be reduced, especially for the more volatile pollutants. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Subarctic Alaska Université Grenoble Alpes: HAL Arctic Environmental Science & Technology 40 24 7521 7527 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université Grenoble Alpes: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftunigrenoble |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology Taillandier, Anne-Sophie Domine, Florent Simpson, William R. Sturm, Matthew Douglas, Thomas A. Severin, Ken Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
description |
International audience The detailed physical characteristics of the subarctic snowpack must be known to quantify the exchange of adsorbed pollutants between the atmosphere and the snow cover. For the first time, the combined evolutions of specific surface area (SSA), snow stratigraphy, temperature, and density were monitored throughout winter in central Alaska. We define the snow area index (SAI) as the vertically integrated surface area of snow crystals, and this variable is used to quantify pollutants' adsorption. Intense metamorphism generated by strong temperature gradients formed a thick depth hoar layer with low SSA (90 cm2 g-1) and density (200 kg m-3), resulting in a low SAI. After snowpack buildup in autumn, the winter SAI remained around 1000 m2/m2 of ground, much lower than the SAI of the Arctic snowpack, 2500 m2 m-2. With the example of PCBs 28 and 180, we calculate that the subarctic snowpack is a smaller reservoir of adsorbed pollutants than the Arctic snowpack and less efficiently transfers adsorbed pollutants from the atmosphere to ecosystems. The difference is greater for the more volatile PCB 28. With climate change, snowpack structure will be modified, and the snowpack's ability to transfer adsorbed pollutants from the atmosphere to ecosystems may be reduced, especially for the more volatile pollutants. |
author2 |
Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Geophysical Institute Fairbanks University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Fairbanks ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) USACE Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Department of Geology and Geophysics |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Taillandier, Anne-Sophie Domine, Florent Simpson, William R. Sturm, Matthew Douglas, Thomas A. Severin, Ken |
author_facet |
Taillandier, Anne-Sophie Domine, Florent Simpson, William R. Sturm, Matthew Douglas, Thomas A. Severin, Ken |
author_sort |
Taillandier, Anne-Sophie |
title |
Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants |
title_short |
Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants |
title_full |
Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants |
title_fullStr |
Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants |
title_sort |
evolution of the snow area index of the subarctic snowpack in central alaska over a whole season. consequences for the air to snow transfer of pollutants |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-00375771 https://doi.org/10.1021/es060842j |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Subarctic Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Subarctic Alaska |
op_source |
ISSN: 0013-936X EISSN: 1520-5851 Environmental Science and Technology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00375771 Environmental Science and Technology, 2006, 40 (24), pp.7521 à 7527. ⟨10.1021/es060842j⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1021/es060842j insu-00375771 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00375771 doi:10.1021/es060842j |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1021/es060842j |
container_title |
Environmental Science & Technology |
container_volume |
40 |
container_issue |
24 |
container_start_page |
7521 |
op_container_end_page |
7527 |
_version_ |
1798841245487857664 |