Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet
International audience Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA meta...
Published in: | Nature |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2014
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Online Access: | https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640450 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921 |
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ftunigrenoble:oai:HAL:hal-02640450v1 |
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Open Polar |
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Université Grenoble Alpes: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftunigrenoble |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology |
spellingShingle |
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology Willerslev, Eske Davison, John Moora, Mari Zobel, Martin Coissac, Eric Edwards, Mary E. Lorenzen, Eline D. Vestergård, Mette Gussarova, Galina Haile, James Craine, Joseph Gielly, Ludovic Boessenkool, Sanne Epp, Laura S. Pearman, Peter B. Cheddadi, Rachid Murray, David Bråthen, Kari Anne Yoccoz, Nigel Binney, Heather Cruaud, Corinne Wincker, Patrick Goslar, Tomasz Alsos, Inger Greve Bellemain, Eva Brysting, Anne Krag Elven, Reidar Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik Murton, Julian Sher, Andrei Rasmussen, Morten Ronn, Regin Mourier, Tobias Cooper, Alan Austin, Jeremy Moller, Per Froese, Duane Zazula, Grant Pompanon, Francois Rioux, Delphine Niderkorn, Vincent Tikhonov, Alexei Savvinov, Grigoriy Roberts, Richard G. Macphee, Ross D. E. Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Kjær, Kurt H. Orlando, Ludovic Brochmann, Christian Taberlet, Pierre Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet |
topic_facet |
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology |
description |
International audience Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA metabarcoding study of circumpolar plant diversity. For this interval we also explore nematode diversity as a proxy for modelling vegetation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became extinct around 10 kyr bp (before present). For much of the period investigated, Arctic vegetation consisted of dry steppe-tundra dominated by forbs (non-graminoid herbaceous vascular plants). During the Last Glacial Maximum (25-15 kyr bp), diversity declined markedly, although forbs remained dominant. Much changed after 10 kyr bp, with the appearance of moist tundra dominated by woody plants and graminoids. Our analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets. As such, our findings question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe. |
author2 |
University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH) University of Tartu Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Geography and Environment University of Southampton Department of Integrative Biology University of California (UC) National Centre for Biosystematics (NCB) University of Oslo (UiO) Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU) Murdoch University Perth Division of Biology Kansas State University Landscape Dynamics Unit Swiss Federal Research Institute Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM) Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM) Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory Museum University of Sussex Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow (RAS) University of Adelaide Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences Skane University Hospital Lund Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Edmonton University of Alberta Government of Yukon Partenaires INRAE Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) Zoological Institute North-Eastern Federal University University of Wollongong Australia American Museum of Natural History New York, USA = Musée américain d'histoire naturelle New York, USA (AMNH) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Willerslev, Eske Davison, John Moora, Mari Zobel, Martin Coissac, Eric Edwards, Mary E. Lorenzen, Eline D. Vestergård, Mette Gussarova, Galina Haile, James Craine, Joseph Gielly, Ludovic Boessenkool, Sanne Epp, Laura S. Pearman, Peter B. Cheddadi, Rachid Murray, David Bråthen, Kari Anne Yoccoz, Nigel Binney, Heather Cruaud, Corinne Wincker, Patrick Goslar, Tomasz Alsos, Inger Greve Bellemain, Eva Brysting, Anne Krag Elven, Reidar Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik Murton, Julian Sher, Andrei Rasmussen, Morten Ronn, Regin Mourier, Tobias Cooper, Alan Austin, Jeremy Moller, Per Froese, Duane Zazula, Grant Pompanon, Francois Rioux, Delphine Niderkorn, Vincent Tikhonov, Alexei Savvinov, Grigoriy Roberts, Richard G. Macphee, Ross D. E. Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Kjær, Kurt H. Orlando, Ludovic Brochmann, Christian Taberlet, Pierre |
author_facet |
Willerslev, Eske Davison, John Moora, Mari Zobel, Martin Coissac, Eric Edwards, Mary E. Lorenzen, Eline D. Vestergård, Mette Gussarova, Galina Haile, James Craine, Joseph Gielly, Ludovic Boessenkool, Sanne Epp, Laura S. Pearman, Peter B. Cheddadi, Rachid Murray, David Bråthen, Kari Anne Yoccoz, Nigel Binney, Heather Cruaud, Corinne Wincker, Patrick Goslar, Tomasz Alsos, Inger Greve Bellemain, Eva Brysting, Anne Krag Elven, Reidar Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik Murton, Julian Sher, Andrei Rasmussen, Morten Ronn, Regin Mourier, Tobias Cooper, Alan Austin, Jeremy Moller, Per Froese, Duane Zazula, Grant Pompanon, Francois Rioux, Delphine Niderkorn, Vincent Tikhonov, Alexei Savvinov, Grigoriy Roberts, Richard G. Macphee, Ross D. E. Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Kjær, Kurt H. Orlando, Ludovic Brochmann, Christian Taberlet, Pierre |
author_sort |
Willerslev, Eske |
title |
Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet |
title_short |
Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet |
title_full |
Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet |
title_fullStr |
Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet |
title_sort |
fifty thousand years of arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640450 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921 |
genre |
Tundra |
genre_facet |
Tundra |
op_source |
ISSN: 0028-0836 EISSN: 1476-4687 Nature https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640450 Nature, 2014, 506 (7486), pp.47-51. ⟨10.1038/nature12921⟩ http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/nature12921 hal-02640450 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640450 doi:10.1038/nature12921 PRODINRA: 253523 WOS: 000330648100028 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921 |
container_title |
Nature |
container_volume |
506 |
container_issue |
7486 |
container_start_page |
47 |
op_container_end_page |
51 |
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1810484036963926016 |
spelling |
ftunigrenoble:oai:HAL:hal-02640450v1 2024-09-15T18:39:41+00:00 Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet Willerslev, Eske Davison, John Moora, Mari Zobel, Martin Coissac, Eric Edwards, Mary E. Lorenzen, Eline D. Vestergård, Mette Gussarova, Galina Haile, James Craine, Joseph Gielly, Ludovic Boessenkool, Sanne Epp, Laura S. Pearman, Peter B. Cheddadi, Rachid Murray, David Bråthen, Kari Anne Yoccoz, Nigel Binney, Heather Cruaud, Corinne Wincker, Patrick Goslar, Tomasz Alsos, Inger Greve Bellemain, Eva Brysting, Anne Krag Elven, Reidar Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik Murton, Julian Sher, Andrei Rasmussen, Morten Ronn, Regin Mourier, Tobias Cooper, Alan Austin, Jeremy Moller, Per Froese, Duane Zazula, Grant Pompanon, Francois Rioux, Delphine Niderkorn, Vincent Tikhonov, Alexei Savvinov, Grigoriy Roberts, Richard G. Macphee, Ross D. E. Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Kjær, Kurt H. Orlando, Ludovic Brochmann, Christian Taberlet, Pierre University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH) University of Tartu Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Geography and Environment University of Southampton Department of Integrative Biology University of California (UC) National Centre for Biosystematics (NCB) University of Oslo (UiO) Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU) Murdoch University Perth Division of Biology Kansas State University Landscape Dynamics Unit Swiss Federal Research Institute Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM) Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM) Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory Museum University of Sussex Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow (RAS) University of Adelaide Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences Skane University Hospital Lund Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Edmonton University of Alberta Government of Yukon Partenaires INRAE Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) Zoological Institute North-Eastern Federal University University of Wollongong Australia American Museum of Natural History New York, USA = Musée américain d'histoire naturelle New York, USA (AMNH) 2014 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640450 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921 en eng HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/nature12921 hal-02640450 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640450 doi:10.1038/nature12921 PRODINRA: 253523 WOS: 000330648100028 ISSN: 0028-0836 EISSN: 1476-4687 Nature https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640450 Nature, 2014, 506 (7486), pp.47-51. ⟨10.1038/nature12921⟩ http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2014 ftunigrenoble https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921 2024-07-15T23:41:00Z International audience Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA metabarcoding study of circumpolar plant diversity. For this interval we also explore nematode diversity as a proxy for modelling vegetation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became extinct around 10 kyr bp (before present). For much of the period investigated, Arctic vegetation consisted of dry steppe-tundra dominated by forbs (non-graminoid herbaceous vascular plants). During the Last Glacial Maximum (25-15 kyr bp), diversity declined markedly, although forbs remained dominant. Much changed after 10 kyr bp, with the appearance of moist tundra dominated by woody plants and graminoids. Our analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets. As such, our findings question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tundra Université Grenoble Alpes: HAL Nature 506 7486 47 51 |