Analysis of the Most Intense Explosive Cyclone that Occurred Between 2010 and 2020 in the South Atlantic

• Published in: Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física
• Main Authors: Andrade, Hugo Nunes, Nunes, André Becker, Alves, Rita de Cássia Marques
• Other Authors: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco 2022
• Subjects: Meteorologia; Bombogênese; Fluxos de Calor; Tropopausa Dinâmica; ERA5; Análise Sinótica; Ciclones Explosivos; Alta; Advances in Polar Science; Polar Science
• Online Access: https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/254666; https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v15.6.p2781-2795

The coastal region of South America is known for the high frequency of extratropical cyclones. From 2010 to 2020, there was an exceptional case regarding intensity, reaching 2.73 Bergeron, between January 02 and 03, 2019. To better understand the characteristics of this type of explosive cyclone, this work sought to investigate the synoptic conditions in this phenomenon. To this end, a visual inspection method of the sea level pressure charts was applied, allied with the functions available in the Grid Analysis and Display software. The cyclone began by transitioning from the continental low to the extratropical cyclone, associated with a trough at higher levels in a zone of weak temperature advection. As the system developed, there was a fracture in the upper air trough, acquiring negative horizontal inclination and the transition of the cyclone from the tropical to the polar side of the jet streak. Sea heat fluxes become relevant only 6 hours after cyclogenesis and enhance as the surface wind increases in the cold sector of the cyclone. In addition, a robust stratospheric ozone intrusion arose close to 700 hPa in the cyclone region, related to the dynamic tropopause folding.Keywords: Bombogenesis, Heat Fluxes, Dynamic Tropopause, ERA5, Synoptic Analysis. Análise do ciclone explosivo mais intenso ocorrido no período entre 2010 e 2020 no Atlântico SulR E S U M OA região da costa da América do Sul é conhecida pela alta frequência de ciclones extratropicais. Durante o período de 2010 a 2020, houve um caso excepcional com relação à intensidade, atingindo 2,73 Bergeron, entre 02 e 03 de janeiro de 2019. Para entender melhor as características associadas com este tipo de ciclone explosivo, este trabalho buscou investigar as condições sinóticas ocorridas neste fenômeno. Para tal, foi aplicado um método de inspeção visual das cartas de pressão ao nível médio do mar, aliado a funções disponíveis no software Grid Analysis and Display. O ciclone iniciou através da transição da baixa continental ao ciclone extratropical ...