Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data
O gelo marinho atua como isolante térmico entre o oceano e a atmosfera e sem este, o oceano está livre para emitir calor à atmosfera, influenciando a formação de massas d’água e circulação oceânica. Este trabalho propõe a classificação e identificação do gelo marinho por meio de imagens SAR (Synthet...
Published in: | Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | Portuguese |
Published: |
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/244616 https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1106-1116 |
id |
ftunifpernambojs:oai:oai.periodicos.ufpe.br:article/244616 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Portal de Periódicos - UFPE (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco) |
op_collection_id |
ftunifpernambojs |
language |
Portuguese |
topic |
Sensoriamento Remoto Coeficiente de retroespalhamento Radar de abertura sintética Classificação do gelo marinho |
spellingShingle |
Sensoriamento Remoto Coeficiente de retroespalhamento Radar de abertura sintética Classificação do gelo marinho Hillebrand, Fernando Luis Bremer, Ulisses Franz Arigony-Neto, Jorge da Rosa, Cristiano Niederauer Mendes Júnior, Cláudio Wilson Costi, Juliana de Freitas, Marcos Wellausen Dias Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data |
topic_facet |
Sensoriamento Remoto Coeficiente de retroespalhamento Radar de abertura sintética Classificação do gelo marinho |
description |
O gelo marinho atua como isolante térmico entre o oceano e a atmosfera e sem este, o oceano está livre para emitir calor à atmosfera, influenciando a formação de massas d’água e circulação oceânica. Este trabalho propõe a classificação e identificação do gelo marinho por meio de imagens SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) na banda C, obtidas pelo satélite Sentinel 1B, modo de imageamento EW (Extra Wide Swath) sob polarizações HH e HV, estando radiometricamente calibradas e normalizadas ao ângulo de incidência a 30°. A área de estudo abrangeu a região oceânica central da Península Antártica durante o inverno e início da primavera austral de 2018. A obtenção das amostras para a classificação das cenas SAR foi efetuada através da análise visual da textura dos alvos em imagens ópticas do Sentinel 2, composições RGB falsa-cor das polarizações HH e HV (R- σHH, G- σHV, B- σHV/ σHH e R- σHH, G- σHH, B- σHV) e classificação não supervisionada por meio da análise de cluster. Foram identificados coeficientes de retroespalhamento (σ) na polarização HH de -8,0 a -12,6 dB para gelo jovem e/ou gelo de primeiro ano, -2,1 a -7,3 dB ao gelo plurianual, e para a polarização HV de -19,3 a -24,2 dB para gelo jovem e/ou gelo de primeiro ano e -6,8 a -13,4 dB ao gelo plurianual. Estes resultados possibilitaram posteriormente no mapeamento da concentração do gelo marinho com o tamanho de janela de 15 x 15 pixels. |
author2 |
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) e a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hillebrand, Fernando Luis Bremer, Ulisses Franz Arigony-Neto, Jorge da Rosa, Cristiano Niederauer Mendes Júnior, Cláudio Wilson Costi, Juliana de Freitas, Marcos Wellausen Dias |
author_facet |
Hillebrand, Fernando Luis Bremer, Ulisses Franz Arigony-Neto, Jorge da Rosa, Cristiano Niederauer Mendes Júnior, Cláudio Wilson Costi, Juliana de Freitas, Marcos Wellausen Dias |
author_sort |
Hillebrand, Fernando Luis |
title |
Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data |
title_short |
Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data |
title_full |
Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data |
title_fullStr |
Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data |
title_sort |
mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central antarctic peninsula with sentinel 1 data |
publisher |
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/244616 https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1106-1116 |
op_coverage |
Península Antártica Anual |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-60.366,-60.366,-62.716,-62.716) ENVELOPE(66.156,66.156,66.322,66.322) |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Falsa Sob’ |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Falsa Sob’ |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antártica Arctic Journal of Glaciology Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antártica Arctic Journal of Glaciology Sea ice |
op_source |
Brazilian Journal of Physical Geography; v. 13, n. 3 (2020): Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física; 1106-1116 Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física; v. 13, n. 3 (2020): Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física; 1106-1116 1984-2295 |
op_relation |
https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/244616/35369 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32568 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32569 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32570 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32571 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32572 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32573 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32574 Arigony-Neto, J. 2006. Monitoring glacier parameters on the Antarctic Peninsula - a centerline approach combining satellite and GIS data. Freiburg: Tese de Doutorado (Doctoral at Forest and Environmental Sciences) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, 159 pp. Arkett, M; Flett, D; De Abreu, R. 2003. C-band multiple polarization SAR for ice monitoring–What can it do for the Canadian ice service. In: Proceedings of Envisat Symposium, Montreux, Switzerland, 23-27. Balss, U.; Breit, H.; Fritz, T. 2010. Noise-related radiometric correction in the TerraSAR-X multimode SAR processor. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 48, 741-750. Barber, D.G. 2005. Microwave remote sensing, sea ice and Arctic climate. La Physique au Canada 61, 105-111. Bovith, T; Andersen, S. 2005. Sea ice concentration from single-polarized SAR data using second-order grey level statistics and learning vector quantization. Danish Meteorological Institute: Scientific Report 05-04, 39 pp. Clarke, A; Murphy, E.J.; Meredith, M.P.; King, J.C.; Peck, L.S.; Barnes, D.K.; Smith, R.C. 2006. Climate change and the marine ecosystem of the western Antarctic Peninsula. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362 (1477), 149-166. Comiso, J.C. 2009. Polar Oceans from Space. New York: Springer, 507 pp. Cunha, E.R.S.P. 2003. Integração Digital de Imagens de Radar e Landsat-TM com dados Geológicos e Aerogamaespectrométricos no Auxílio ao Mapeamento Geológico da Região do Complexo Granítico Estrela, Pará. São José dos Campos: Dissertação de Mestrado, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 147 pp. Deser, C.; Walsh, J.E.; Timlin, M.S. 2000. Arctic sea ice variability in the context of recent atmospheric circulation trends. Journal of Climate 13, 617-633. Gong, C.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, S.; Fan, W.; Luo, L.; Hu, Y. 2017. Sea ice features extraction near the South Shetland Islands with Sentinel-1 SAR data. In: AOPC 2017: Optical Sensing and Imaging Technology and Applications. International Society for Optics and Photonics 10462T, 1-6. Jacobs, S.S.; Gordon, A.L.; Amos, A.F. 1979. Effect of glacial ice melting on the Antarctic Surface Water. Nature 277, 469-471. Karvonen, J. 2017. Baltic sea ice concentration estimation using sentinel-1 SAR and AMSR-2 microwave radiometer data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 55, 2871-2883. Killworth, P.D. 1983. Deep convection in the world ocean. Reviews of Geophysics, 21 (1), 1-26. Lefebvre, W.; Goosse, H. 2008. An analysis of the atmospheric processes driving the large‐scale winter sea ice variability in the Southern Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 113 (C2), 1-15. Leshkevich, G.A.; Nghiem, S.V. 2007. Satellite SAR remote sensing of Great Lakes ice cover, part 2. Ice classification and mapping. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33, 736-750. Loew, A.; Mauser, W. 2007. Generation of geometrically and radiometrically terrain corrected SAR image products. Remote Sensing of Environment 106, 337-349. Makynen, M.; Hallikainen, M. 1998. C-band backscattering signatures of Baltic sea ice. In: IGARSS '98. Sensing and Managing the Environment. 1998 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing. Symposium Proceedings, 983-985. Makynen, M.; Hallikainen, M. 2004. Investigation of C-and X-band backscattering signatures of Baltic Sea ice. International Journal of Remote Sensing 25, 2061-2086. Makynen, M.; Karvonen, J. 2017. Incidence angle dependence of first-year sea ice backscattering coefficient in SENTINEL-1 SAR imagery over the Kara Sea. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 55, 6170-6181. Martin, P.J.; Peel, D.A. 1978. The spatial distribution of 10 m temperatures in the Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of Glaciology 20 (83), 311-317. Meredith, M.P.; Brandon, M.A.; Wallace, M.I.; Clarke, A.; Leng, M.J.; Renfrew, I.A.; King, J.C. 2008. Variability in the freshwater balance of northern Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula: results from δ18O. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 55, 309-322. Mladenova, I.E.; Jackson, T.J.; Bindlish, R.; Hensley, S. 2013. Incidence angle normalization of radar backscatter data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 51, 1791-1804. Moffat, C.; Meredith, M. 2018. Shelf-ocean exchange and hydrography west of the Antarctic Peninsula: a review. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376. Montes-Hugo, M.; Doney, S.C.; Ducklow, H.W.; Fraser, W.; Martinson, D.; Stammerjohn, S.E.; Schofield, O. 2009. Recent changes in phytoplankton communities associated with rapid regional climate change along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Science 323 (5920), 1470-1473. Partington, K.C.; Flach, J.D.; Barber, D.; Isleifson, D.; Meadows, P.J.; Verlaan, P. 2010. Dual-polarization C-band radar observations of sea ice in the Amundsen Gulf. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 48, 2685-2691. Scheuchi, B.; Caves, R.; Flett, D.; De Abreu, R.; Arkett, M.; Cumming, I. 2005. The potential of cross-polarization information for operational sea ice monitoring. In: Envisat e ERS Symposium, 572. Scheuchl, B.; Flett, D.; Caves, R.; Cumming, I. 2004. Potential of RADARSAT-2 data for operational sea ice monitoring. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 30, 448-461. Schwerdtfeger, W. 1984. Weather and Climate of the Antarctic. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 261 pp. Simpkins, G.R.; Ciasto, L.M.; Thompson, D.W.; England, M.H. 2012. Seasonal relationships between large-scale climate variability and Antarctic sea ice concentration. Journal of Climate 25, 5451-5469. Topouzelis, K.; Singha, S.; Kitsiou, D. 2016. Incidence angle normalization of Wide Swath SAR data for oceanographic applications. Open Geosciences 8, 450-464. Vachon, P.W.; Wolfe, J. 2011. C-band cross-polarization wind speed retrieval. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 8, 456-459. Zakhvatkina, N.Y.; Alexandrov, V.Y.; Johannessen, O.M.; Sandven, S.; Frolov, I.Y. 2013. Classification of sea ice types in ENVISAT synthetic aperture radar images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 51, 2587-2600. Zhou, C.; Zheng, L. 2017. Mapping radar glacier zones and dry snow line in the Antarctic Peninsula using Sentinel-1 images. Remote Sensing 9, 1-19. https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/244616 doi:10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1106-1116 |
op_rights |
Direitos autorais 2020 Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1106-1116 |
container_title |
Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
1106 |
_version_ |
1768377936052748288 |
spelling |
ftunifpernambojs:oai:oai.periodicos.ufpe.br:article/244616 2023-06-11T04:06:09+02:00 Mapping the concentration of sea ice in the central Antarctic Peninsula with Sentinel 1 data Hillebrand, Fernando Luis Bremer, Ulisses Franz Arigony-Neto, Jorge da Rosa, Cristiano Niederauer Mendes Júnior, Cláudio Wilson Costi, Juliana de Freitas, Marcos Wellausen Dias Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) e a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) Península Antártica Anual 2020-06-01 application/pdf https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/244616 https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1106-1116 por por Universidade Federal de Pernambuco https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/244616/35369 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32568 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32569 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32570 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32571 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32572 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32573 https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/downloadSuppFile/244616/32574 Arigony-Neto, J. 2006. Monitoring glacier parameters on the Antarctic Peninsula - a centerline approach combining satellite and GIS data. Freiburg: Tese de Doutorado (Doctoral at Forest and Environmental Sciences) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, 159 pp. Arkett, M; Flett, D; De Abreu, R. 2003. C-band multiple polarization SAR for ice monitoring–What can it do for the Canadian ice service. In: Proceedings of Envisat Symposium, Montreux, Switzerland, 23-27. Balss, U.; Breit, H.; Fritz, T. 2010. Noise-related radiometric correction in the TerraSAR-X multimode SAR processor. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 48, 741-750. Barber, D.G. 2005. Microwave remote sensing, sea ice and Arctic climate. La Physique au Canada 61, 105-111. Bovith, T; Andersen, S. 2005. Sea ice concentration from single-polarized SAR data using second-order grey level statistics and learning vector quantization. Danish Meteorological Institute: Scientific Report 05-04, 39 pp. Clarke, A; Murphy, E.J.; Meredith, M.P.; King, J.C.; Peck, L.S.; Barnes, D.K.; Smith, R.C. 2006. Climate change and the marine ecosystem of the western Antarctic Peninsula. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362 (1477), 149-166. Comiso, J.C. 2009. Polar Oceans from Space. New York: Springer, 507 pp. Cunha, E.R.S.P. 2003. Integração Digital de Imagens de Radar e Landsat-TM com dados Geológicos e Aerogamaespectrométricos no Auxílio ao Mapeamento Geológico da Região do Complexo Granítico Estrela, Pará. São José dos Campos: Dissertação de Mestrado, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 147 pp. Deser, C.; Walsh, J.E.; Timlin, M.S. 2000. Arctic sea ice variability in the context of recent atmospheric circulation trends. Journal of Climate 13, 617-633. Gong, C.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, S.; Fan, W.; Luo, L.; Hu, Y. 2017. Sea ice features extraction near the South Shetland Islands with Sentinel-1 SAR data. In: AOPC 2017: Optical Sensing and Imaging Technology and Applications. International Society for Optics and Photonics 10462T, 1-6. Jacobs, S.S.; Gordon, A.L.; Amos, A.F. 1979. Effect of glacial ice melting on the Antarctic Surface Water. Nature 277, 469-471. Karvonen, J. 2017. Baltic sea ice concentration estimation using sentinel-1 SAR and AMSR-2 microwave radiometer data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 55, 2871-2883. Killworth, P.D. 1983. Deep convection in the world ocean. Reviews of Geophysics, 21 (1), 1-26. Lefebvre, W.; Goosse, H. 2008. An analysis of the atmospheric processes driving the large‐scale winter sea ice variability in the Southern Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 113 (C2), 1-15. Leshkevich, G.A.; Nghiem, S.V. 2007. Satellite SAR remote sensing of Great Lakes ice cover, part 2. Ice classification and mapping. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33, 736-750. Loew, A.; Mauser, W. 2007. Generation of geometrically and radiometrically terrain corrected SAR image products. Remote Sensing of Environment 106, 337-349. Makynen, M.; Hallikainen, M. 1998. C-band backscattering signatures of Baltic sea ice. In: IGARSS '98. Sensing and Managing the Environment. 1998 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing. Symposium Proceedings, 983-985. Makynen, M.; Hallikainen, M. 2004. Investigation of C-and X-band backscattering signatures of Baltic Sea ice. International Journal of Remote Sensing 25, 2061-2086. Makynen, M.; Karvonen, J. 2017. Incidence angle dependence of first-year sea ice backscattering coefficient in SENTINEL-1 SAR imagery over the Kara Sea. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 55, 6170-6181. Martin, P.J.; Peel, D.A. 1978. The spatial distribution of 10 m temperatures in the Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of Glaciology 20 (83), 311-317. Meredith, M.P.; Brandon, M.A.; Wallace, M.I.; Clarke, A.; Leng, M.J.; Renfrew, I.A.; King, J.C. 2008. Variability in the freshwater balance of northern Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula: results from δ18O. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 55, 309-322. Mladenova, I.E.; Jackson, T.J.; Bindlish, R.; Hensley, S. 2013. Incidence angle normalization of radar backscatter data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 51, 1791-1804. Moffat, C.; Meredith, M. 2018. Shelf-ocean exchange and hydrography west of the Antarctic Peninsula: a review. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376. Montes-Hugo, M.; Doney, S.C.; Ducklow, H.W.; Fraser, W.; Martinson, D.; Stammerjohn, S.E.; Schofield, O. 2009. Recent changes in phytoplankton communities associated with rapid regional climate change along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Science 323 (5920), 1470-1473. Partington, K.C.; Flach, J.D.; Barber, D.; Isleifson, D.; Meadows, P.J.; Verlaan, P. 2010. Dual-polarization C-band radar observations of sea ice in the Amundsen Gulf. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 48, 2685-2691. Scheuchi, B.; Caves, R.; Flett, D.; De Abreu, R.; Arkett, M.; Cumming, I. 2005. The potential of cross-polarization information for operational sea ice monitoring. In: Envisat e ERS Symposium, 572. Scheuchl, B.; Flett, D.; Caves, R.; Cumming, I. 2004. Potential of RADARSAT-2 data for operational sea ice monitoring. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 30, 448-461. Schwerdtfeger, W. 1984. Weather and Climate of the Antarctic. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 261 pp. Simpkins, G.R.; Ciasto, L.M.; Thompson, D.W.; England, M.H. 2012. Seasonal relationships between large-scale climate variability and Antarctic sea ice concentration. Journal of Climate 25, 5451-5469. Topouzelis, K.; Singha, S.; Kitsiou, D. 2016. Incidence angle normalization of Wide Swath SAR data for oceanographic applications. Open Geosciences 8, 450-464. Vachon, P.W.; Wolfe, J. 2011. C-band cross-polarization wind speed retrieval. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 8, 456-459. Zakhvatkina, N.Y.; Alexandrov, V.Y.; Johannessen, O.M.; Sandven, S.; Frolov, I.Y. 2013. Classification of sea ice types in ENVISAT synthetic aperture radar images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 51, 2587-2600. Zhou, C.; Zheng, L. 2017. Mapping radar glacier zones and dry snow line in the Antarctic Peninsula using Sentinel-1 images. Remote Sensing 9, 1-19. https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/rbgfe/article/view/244616 doi:10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1106-1116 Direitos autorais 2020 Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Brazilian Journal of Physical Geography; v. 13, n. 3 (2020): Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física; 1106-1116 Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física; v. 13, n. 3 (2020): Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física; 1106-1116 1984-2295 Sensoriamento Remoto Coeficiente de retroespalhamento Radar de abertura sintética Classificação do gelo marinho info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 300 2020 ftunifpernambojs https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v13.3.p1106-1116 2023-04-18T11:24:34Z O gelo marinho atua como isolante térmico entre o oceano e a atmosfera e sem este, o oceano está livre para emitir calor à atmosfera, influenciando a formação de massas d’água e circulação oceânica. Este trabalho propõe a classificação e identificação do gelo marinho por meio de imagens SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) na banda C, obtidas pelo satélite Sentinel 1B, modo de imageamento EW (Extra Wide Swath) sob polarizações HH e HV, estando radiometricamente calibradas e normalizadas ao ângulo de incidência a 30°. A área de estudo abrangeu a região oceânica central da Península Antártica durante o inverno e início da primavera austral de 2018. A obtenção das amostras para a classificação das cenas SAR foi efetuada através da análise visual da textura dos alvos em imagens ópticas do Sentinel 2, composições RGB falsa-cor das polarizações HH e HV (R- σHH, G- σHV, B- σHV/ σHH e R- σHH, G- σHH, B- σHV) e classificação não supervisionada por meio da análise de cluster. Foram identificados coeficientes de retroespalhamento (σ) na polarização HH de -8,0 a -12,6 dB para gelo jovem e/ou gelo de primeiro ano, -2,1 a -7,3 dB ao gelo plurianual, e para a polarização HV de -19,3 a -24,2 dB para gelo jovem e/ou gelo de primeiro ano e -6,8 a -13,4 dB ao gelo plurianual. Estes resultados possibilitaram posteriormente no mapeamento da concentração do gelo marinho com o tamanho de janela de 15 x 15 pixels. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antártica Arctic Journal of Glaciology Sea ice Portal de Periódicos - UFPE (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Falsa ENVELOPE(-60.366,-60.366,-62.716,-62.716) Sob’ ENVELOPE(66.156,66.156,66.322,66.322) Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 13 3 1106 |