The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology
The Genographic Project is an international effort aimed at charting human migratory history. The project is nonprofit and nonmedical, and, through its Legacy Fund, supports locally led efforts to preserve indigenous and traditional cultures. Although the first phase of the project was focused on un...
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ftunicagliariris:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/254018 2024-04-21T08:11:02+00:00 The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology Elhaik, Eran Greenspan, Elliott Staats, Sean Krahn, Thomas Tyler Smith, Chris Xue, Yali Tofanelli, Sergio FRANCALACCI, Paolo CUCCA, Francesco Pagani, Luca Jin, Li Li, Hui Schurr, Theodore G. Greenspan, Bennett Wells, R. Spencer Elhaik, Eran Greenspan, Elliott Staats, Sean Krahn, Thoma Tyler Smith, Chri Xue, Yali Tofanelli, Sergio Francalacci, Paolo Cucca, Francesco Pagani, Luca Jin, Li Li, Hui Schurr, Theodore G. Greenspan, Bennett Wells, R. Spencer 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/11584/254018 https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evt066 http://gbe.oxfordjournals.org/ eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/23666864 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000324593500022 volume:5 issue:5 firstpage:1021 lastpage:1031 numberofpages:11 journal:GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION http://hdl.handle.net/11584/254018 doi:10.1093/gbe/evt066 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-84888821239 http://gbe.oxfordjournals.org/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Aimsfinder Genetic anthropology GenoChip Genographic project Haplogroup Population genetic DNA mitochondrial Genes Y-Linked History ancient Human Genome Project Human migration Human Polymorphism single nucleotide Anthropology cultural Oligonucleotide array sequence analysi Ecology evolution behavior and systematic Genetics info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2013 ftunicagliariris https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evt066 2024-03-25T16:13:06Z The Genographic Project is an international effort aimed at charting human migratory history. The project is nonprofit and nonmedical, and, through its Legacy Fund, supports locally led efforts to preserve indigenous and traditional cultures. Although the first phase of the project was focused on uniparentally inherited markers on the Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the current phase focuses on markers from across the entire genome to obtain a more complete understanding of human genetic variation. Although many commercial arrays exist for genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, they were designed for medical genetic studies and contain medically related markers that are inappropriate for global population genetic studies. GenoChip, the Genographic Project's new genotyping array, was designed to resolve these issues and enable higher resolution research into outstanding questions in genetic anthropology. The GenoChip includes ancestry informative markers obtained for over 450 human populations, an ancient human (Saqqaq), and two archaic hominins (Neanderthal and Denisovan) and was designed to identify all known Y-chromosome and mtDNA haplogroups. The chip was carefully vetted to avoid inclusion of medically relevant markers. To demonstrate its capabilities, we compared the FST distributions of GenoChip SNPs to those of two commercial arrays. Although all arrays yielded similarly shaped (inverse J) FST distributions, the GenoChip autosomal and X-chromosomal distributions had the highest mean FST, attesting to its ability to discern subpopulations. The chip performances are illustrated in a principal component analysis for 14 worldwide populations. In summary, the GenoChip is a dedicated genotyping platform for genetic anthropology. With an unprecedented number of approximately 12,000 Y-chromosomal and approximately 3,300 mtDNA SNPs and over 130,000 autosomal and X-chromosomal SNPs without any known health, medical, or phenotypic relevance, the GenoChip is a useful tool for genetic ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Saqqaq Università degli Studi di Cagliari: UNICA IRIS Genome Biology and Evolution 5 5 1021 1031 |
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Open Polar |
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Università degli Studi di Cagliari: UNICA IRIS |
op_collection_id |
ftunicagliariris |
language |
English |
topic |
Aimsfinder Genetic anthropology GenoChip Genographic project Haplogroup Population genetic DNA mitochondrial Genes Y-Linked History ancient Human Genome Project Human migration Human Polymorphism single nucleotide Anthropology cultural Oligonucleotide array sequence analysi Ecology evolution behavior and systematic Genetics |
spellingShingle |
Aimsfinder Genetic anthropology GenoChip Genographic project Haplogroup Population genetic DNA mitochondrial Genes Y-Linked History ancient Human Genome Project Human migration Human Polymorphism single nucleotide Anthropology cultural Oligonucleotide array sequence analysi Ecology evolution behavior and systematic Genetics Elhaik, Eran Greenspan, Elliott Staats, Sean Krahn, Thomas Tyler Smith, Chris Xue, Yali Tofanelli, Sergio FRANCALACCI, Paolo CUCCA, Francesco Pagani, Luca Jin, Li Li, Hui Schurr, Theodore G. Greenspan, Bennett Wells, R. Spencer The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology |
topic_facet |
Aimsfinder Genetic anthropology GenoChip Genographic project Haplogroup Population genetic DNA mitochondrial Genes Y-Linked History ancient Human Genome Project Human migration Human Polymorphism single nucleotide Anthropology cultural Oligonucleotide array sequence analysi Ecology evolution behavior and systematic Genetics |
description |
The Genographic Project is an international effort aimed at charting human migratory history. The project is nonprofit and nonmedical, and, through its Legacy Fund, supports locally led efforts to preserve indigenous and traditional cultures. Although the first phase of the project was focused on uniparentally inherited markers on the Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the current phase focuses on markers from across the entire genome to obtain a more complete understanding of human genetic variation. Although many commercial arrays exist for genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, they were designed for medical genetic studies and contain medically related markers that are inappropriate for global population genetic studies. GenoChip, the Genographic Project's new genotyping array, was designed to resolve these issues and enable higher resolution research into outstanding questions in genetic anthropology. The GenoChip includes ancestry informative markers obtained for over 450 human populations, an ancient human (Saqqaq), and two archaic hominins (Neanderthal and Denisovan) and was designed to identify all known Y-chromosome and mtDNA haplogroups. The chip was carefully vetted to avoid inclusion of medically relevant markers. To demonstrate its capabilities, we compared the FST distributions of GenoChip SNPs to those of two commercial arrays. Although all arrays yielded similarly shaped (inverse J) FST distributions, the GenoChip autosomal and X-chromosomal distributions had the highest mean FST, attesting to its ability to discern subpopulations. The chip performances are illustrated in a principal component analysis for 14 worldwide populations. In summary, the GenoChip is a dedicated genotyping platform for genetic anthropology. With an unprecedented number of approximately 12,000 Y-chromosomal and approximately 3,300 mtDNA SNPs and over 130,000 autosomal and X-chromosomal SNPs without any known health, medical, or phenotypic relevance, the GenoChip is a useful tool for genetic ... |
author2 |
Elhaik, Eran Greenspan, Elliott Staats, Sean Krahn, Thoma Tyler Smith, Chri Xue, Yali Tofanelli, Sergio Francalacci, Paolo Cucca, Francesco Pagani, Luca Jin, Li Li, Hui Schurr, Theodore G. Greenspan, Bennett Wells, R. Spencer |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Elhaik, Eran Greenspan, Elliott Staats, Sean Krahn, Thomas Tyler Smith, Chris Xue, Yali Tofanelli, Sergio FRANCALACCI, Paolo CUCCA, Francesco Pagani, Luca Jin, Li Li, Hui Schurr, Theodore G. Greenspan, Bennett Wells, R. Spencer |
author_facet |
Elhaik, Eran Greenspan, Elliott Staats, Sean Krahn, Thomas Tyler Smith, Chris Xue, Yali Tofanelli, Sergio FRANCALACCI, Paolo CUCCA, Francesco Pagani, Luca Jin, Li Li, Hui Schurr, Theodore G. Greenspan, Bennett Wells, R. Spencer |
author_sort |
Elhaik, Eran |
title |
The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology |
title_short |
The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology |
title_full |
The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology |
title_fullStr |
The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology |
title_full_unstemmed |
The GenoChip: A new tool for genetic anthropology |
title_sort |
genochip: a new tool for genetic anthropology |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11584/254018 https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evt066 http://gbe.oxfordjournals.org/ |
genre |
Saqqaq |
genre_facet |
Saqqaq |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/23666864 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000324593500022 volume:5 issue:5 firstpage:1021 lastpage:1031 numberofpages:11 journal:GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION http://hdl.handle.net/11584/254018 doi:10.1093/gbe/evt066 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-84888821239 http://gbe.oxfordjournals.org/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evt066 |
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Genome Biology and Evolution |
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