Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
Protected areas are important in species conservation, but high rates of human-caused mortality outside their borders and increasing popularity for recreation can negatively affect wildlife populations. We quantified wolverine (Gulo gulo) population trends from 2011 to 2020 in > 14,000 km2 protec...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11585/901484 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21499-4 |
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ftunibolognairis:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/901484 2024-02-11T10:04:31+01:00 Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains Barrueto M. Forshner A. Whittington J. Clevenger A. P. Musiani M. Barrueto M. Forshner A. Whittington J. Clevenger A.P. Musiani M. 2022 ELETTRONICO https://hdl.handle.net/11585/901484 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21499-4 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/36280695 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000871587700023 volume:12 issue:1 firstpage:1 lastpage:15 numberofpages:15 journal:SCIENTIFIC REPORTS https://hdl.handle.net/11585/901484 doi:10.1038/s41598-022-21499-4 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85140435821 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess GULO-GULO RESOURCE-SELECTION HABITAT-SELECTION BRITISH-COLUMBIA CONSERVATION AREAS EXTINCTION OCCUPANCY PREDATION MOVEMENT info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2022 ftunibolognairis https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21499-4 2024-01-24T17:36:06Z Protected areas are important in species conservation, but high rates of human-caused mortality outside their borders and increasing popularity for recreation can negatively affect wildlife populations. We quantified wolverine (Gulo gulo) population trends from 2011 to 2020 in > 14,000 km2 protected and non-protected habitat in southwestern Canada. We conducted wolverine and multi-species surveys using non-invasive DNA and remote camera-based methods. We developed Bayesian integrated models combining spatial capture-recapture data of marked and unmarked individuals with occupancy data. Wolverine density and occupancy declined by 39%, with an annual population growth rate of 0.925. Density within protected areas was 3 times higher than outside and declined between 2011 (3.6 wolverines/1000 km2) and 2020 (2.1 wolverines/1000 km2). Wolverine density and detection probability increased with snow cover and decreased near development. Detection probability also decreased with human recreational activity. The annual harvest rate of ≥13% was above the maximum sustainable rate. We conclude that humans negatively affected the population through direct mortality, sub-lethal effects and habitat impacts. Our study exemplifies the need to monitor population trends for species at risk—within and between protected areas—as steep declines can occur unnoticed if key conservation concerns are not identified and addressed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Gulo gulo IRIS Università degli Studi di Bologna (CRIS - Current Research Information System) British Columbia ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) Canada Scientific Reports 12 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
IRIS Università degli Studi di Bologna (CRIS - Current Research Information System) |
op_collection_id |
ftunibolognairis |
language |
English |
topic |
GULO-GULO RESOURCE-SELECTION HABITAT-SELECTION BRITISH-COLUMBIA CONSERVATION AREAS EXTINCTION OCCUPANCY PREDATION MOVEMENT |
spellingShingle |
GULO-GULO RESOURCE-SELECTION HABITAT-SELECTION BRITISH-COLUMBIA CONSERVATION AREAS EXTINCTION OCCUPANCY PREDATION MOVEMENT Barrueto M. Forshner A. Whittington J. Clevenger A. P. Musiani M. Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains |
topic_facet |
GULO-GULO RESOURCE-SELECTION HABITAT-SELECTION BRITISH-COLUMBIA CONSERVATION AREAS EXTINCTION OCCUPANCY PREDATION MOVEMENT |
description |
Protected areas are important in species conservation, but high rates of human-caused mortality outside their borders and increasing popularity for recreation can negatively affect wildlife populations. We quantified wolverine (Gulo gulo) population trends from 2011 to 2020 in > 14,000 km2 protected and non-protected habitat in southwestern Canada. We conducted wolverine and multi-species surveys using non-invasive DNA and remote camera-based methods. We developed Bayesian integrated models combining spatial capture-recapture data of marked and unmarked individuals with occupancy data. Wolverine density and occupancy declined by 39%, with an annual population growth rate of 0.925. Density within protected areas was 3 times higher than outside and declined between 2011 (3.6 wolverines/1000 km2) and 2020 (2.1 wolverines/1000 km2). Wolverine density and detection probability increased with snow cover and decreased near development. Detection probability also decreased with human recreational activity. The annual harvest rate of ≥13% was above the maximum sustainable rate. We conclude that humans negatively affected the population through direct mortality, sub-lethal effects and habitat impacts. Our study exemplifies the need to monitor population trends for species at risk—within and between protected areas—as steep declines can occur unnoticed if key conservation concerns are not identified and addressed. |
author2 |
Barrueto M. Forshner A. Whittington J. Clevenger A.P. Musiani M. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Barrueto M. Forshner A. Whittington J. Clevenger A. P. Musiani M. |
author_facet |
Barrueto M. Forshner A. Whittington J. Clevenger A. P. Musiani M. |
author_sort |
Barrueto M. |
title |
Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains |
title_short |
Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains |
title_full |
Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains |
title_fullStr |
Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains |
title_full_unstemmed |
Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains |
title_sort |
protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the canadian rocky mountains |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11585/901484 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21499-4 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) |
geographic |
British Columbia Canada |
geographic_facet |
British Columbia Canada |
genre |
Gulo gulo |
genre_facet |
Gulo gulo |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/36280695 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000871587700023 volume:12 issue:1 firstpage:1 lastpage:15 numberofpages:15 journal:SCIENTIFIC REPORTS https://hdl.handle.net/11585/901484 doi:10.1038/s41598-022-21499-4 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85140435821 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21499-4 |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1790601148742238208 |