Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments
New particle formation (NPF) is a process involving formation of thermodynamically stable molecular clusters and their subsequent growth to larger sizes. NPF modulates the earth’s radiative budget and poses potentially significant health effects, however, the mechanisms driving NPF globally are stil...
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ftunibirmitheses:oai:etheses.bham.ac.uk:10645 2023-05-15T13:40:36+02:00 Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments Brean, James Harrison, Roy Shi, Zongbo nerc 2021-07-21 text http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/1.hassmallThumbnailVersion/Brean2021PhD.pdf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/ http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/1/Brean2021PhD.pdf English eng http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/1/Brean2021PhD.pdf Brean, James (2021). Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments. University of Birmingham. Ph.D. GE Environmental Sciences QD Chemistry Thesis NonPeerReviewed 2021 ftunibirmitheses 2022-04-28T23:03:31Z New particle formation (NPF) is a process involving formation of thermodynamically stable molecular clusters and their subsequent growth to larger sizes. NPF modulates the earth’s radiative budget and poses potentially significant health effects, however, the mechanisms driving NPF globally are still uncertain due to limited molecular scale measurements. Urban measurements in both Beijing and Barcelona show highly oxygenated multifunctional organic molecules in high mixing ratios, arising primarily from anthropogenic VOC precursors. Efficient autoxidation due to high temperatures is offset by rapid peroxy radical termination due to high NO\(_x\) mixing ratios. Nucleation is seen to proceed by the nucleation of sulphuric acid, alkylamines, and HOMs in conjunction in Barcelona. An investigation of these mechanisms in the remote polar environment of the Antarctic Peninsula shows nucleation driven by sulphuric acid and amines, with elevations to both the sulphuric acid precursors and amines arising from the melt of sea ice. Particle formation rates are around two orders of magnitude more rapid in the urban environment than in the polar, and particle growth rates are around a single order of magnitude greater. This thesis demonstrates underappreciated roles of both anthropogenic VOC emissions in urban NPF and amine sources in polar regions in facilitating efficient NPF. Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice University of Birmingham: eTheses Repository Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
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Open Polar |
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University of Birmingham: eTheses Repository |
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English |
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GE Environmental Sciences QD Chemistry |
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GE Environmental Sciences QD Chemistry Brean, James Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments |
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GE Environmental Sciences QD Chemistry |
description |
New particle formation (NPF) is a process involving formation of thermodynamically stable molecular clusters and their subsequent growth to larger sizes. NPF modulates the earth’s radiative budget and poses potentially significant health effects, however, the mechanisms driving NPF globally are still uncertain due to limited molecular scale measurements. Urban measurements in both Beijing and Barcelona show highly oxygenated multifunctional organic molecules in high mixing ratios, arising primarily from anthropogenic VOC precursors. Efficient autoxidation due to high temperatures is offset by rapid peroxy radical termination due to high NO\(_x\) mixing ratios. Nucleation is seen to proceed by the nucleation of sulphuric acid, alkylamines, and HOMs in conjunction in Barcelona. An investigation of these mechanisms in the remote polar environment of the Antarctic Peninsula shows nucleation driven by sulphuric acid and amines, with elevations to both the sulphuric acid precursors and amines arising from the melt of sea ice. Particle formation rates are around two orders of magnitude more rapid in the urban environment than in the polar, and particle growth rates are around a single order of magnitude greater. This thesis demonstrates underappreciated roles of both anthropogenic VOC emissions in urban NPF and amine sources in polar regions in facilitating efficient NPF. |
author2 |
Harrison, Roy Shi, Zongbo nerc |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Brean, James |
author_facet |
Brean, James |
author_sort |
Brean, James |
title |
Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments |
title_short |
Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments |
title_full |
Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments |
title_fullStr |
Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments |
title_sort |
molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/1.hassmallThumbnailVersion/Brean2021PhD.pdf http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/ http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/1/Brean2021PhD.pdf |
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Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
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Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice |
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Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice |
op_relation |
http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/10645/1/Brean2021PhD.pdf Brean, James (2021). Molecular insights into new particle formation across urban and polar environments. University of Birmingham. Ph.D. |
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1766137369391529984 |