Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves
Seismic activity, erosion, sedimentation, and extreme temperatures can cause compounding large-scale disturbances to marine organisms, like large intertidal foundational seaweeds. In November 2016, a 7.8 Mw earthquake uplifted 130 km of coastline by 0.5–6 m near Kaikōura, New Zealand and thereby inc...
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2024
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Online Access: | https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/f1145df1-4341-4b61-9697-16f3bf8b274f https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106738 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203430101&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
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ftuniaarhuspubl:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/f1145df1-4341-4b61-9697-16f3bf8b274f 2024-10-06T13:44:27+00:00 Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves Montie, Shinae Schiel, David R. Thomsen, Mads S. 2024-11 https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/f1145df1-4341-4b61-9697-16f3bf8b274f https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106738 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203430101&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Montie , S , Schiel , D R & Thomsen , M S 2024 , ' Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves ' , Marine Environmental Research , vol. 202 , 106738 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106738 Alternative foundation species Attachment networks Biogenic habitat formation Earthquake Fucoids Heatwaves Kelp Mass mortality Seaweed Succession article 2024 ftuniaarhuspubl https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106738 2024-09-26T14:40:49Z Seismic activity, erosion, sedimentation, and extreme temperatures can cause compounding large-scale disturbances to marine organisms, like large intertidal foundational seaweeds. In November 2016, a 7.8 Mw earthquake uplifted 130 km of coastline by 0.5–6 m near Kaikōura, New Zealand and thereby increased intertidal desiccation, aerial temperatures, reef erosion, and water turbidity. Furthermore, stress on uplifted intertidal species was compounded by unprecedented marine heatwaves over the summer of 2017/18. Here we documented altered dominances of large foundational seaweed and possible flow-on effects on seaweed-associated flora and fauna, following the uplift and heatwaves. These compounding disturbances caused instant high canopy loss of the dominant primary foundation species - the large perennial canopy-forming southern bull kelp Durvillaea antarctica – and no post-disturbance recovery, suggesting a maintenance threshold has been exceeded. After canopy loss of the primary foundation species, alternative foundation species – i.e., subordinate competitors under pre-disturbance conditions (the perennial canopy-forming fucoids Carpophyllum maschalocarpum, Cystophora scalaris, and Hormosira banksii) increased in abundance. Furthermore, field observations of attachment interaction networks demonstrated that the primary and alternative foundation species facilitated different sessile and mobile taxa. For example, the smaller and more morphologically complex C. maschalocarpum, H. banksii, and C. scalaris, supported more novel attachment associations, whereas the larger Durvillaea supported longer attachment chains. Overall, our results highlight abrupt and potentially long-lasting ecological changes after compounding disturbances, which altered dominance hierarchies. Alternative foundation species are now more common than the pre-disturbance primary foundation species, with flow-on effects on wider communities that depend on biogenic habitats. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Aarhus University: Research New Zealand Marine Environmental Research 202 106738 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Aarhus University: Research |
op_collection_id |
ftuniaarhuspubl |
language |
English |
topic |
Alternative foundation species Attachment networks Biogenic habitat formation Earthquake Fucoids Heatwaves Kelp Mass mortality Seaweed Succession |
spellingShingle |
Alternative foundation species Attachment networks Biogenic habitat formation Earthquake Fucoids Heatwaves Kelp Mass mortality Seaweed Succession Montie, Shinae Schiel, David R. Thomsen, Mads S. Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves |
topic_facet |
Alternative foundation species Attachment networks Biogenic habitat formation Earthquake Fucoids Heatwaves Kelp Mass mortality Seaweed Succession |
description |
Seismic activity, erosion, sedimentation, and extreme temperatures can cause compounding large-scale disturbances to marine organisms, like large intertidal foundational seaweeds. In November 2016, a 7.8 Mw earthquake uplifted 130 km of coastline by 0.5–6 m near Kaikōura, New Zealand and thereby increased intertidal desiccation, aerial temperatures, reef erosion, and water turbidity. Furthermore, stress on uplifted intertidal species was compounded by unprecedented marine heatwaves over the summer of 2017/18. Here we documented altered dominances of large foundational seaweed and possible flow-on effects on seaweed-associated flora and fauna, following the uplift and heatwaves. These compounding disturbances caused instant high canopy loss of the dominant primary foundation species - the large perennial canopy-forming southern bull kelp Durvillaea antarctica – and no post-disturbance recovery, suggesting a maintenance threshold has been exceeded. After canopy loss of the primary foundation species, alternative foundation species – i.e., subordinate competitors under pre-disturbance conditions (the perennial canopy-forming fucoids Carpophyllum maschalocarpum, Cystophora scalaris, and Hormosira banksii) increased in abundance. Furthermore, field observations of attachment interaction networks demonstrated that the primary and alternative foundation species facilitated different sessile and mobile taxa. For example, the smaller and more morphologically complex C. maschalocarpum, H. banksii, and C. scalaris, supported more novel attachment associations, whereas the larger Durvillaea supported longer attachment chains. Overall, our results highlight abrupt and potentially long-lasting ecological changes after compounding disturbances, which altered dominance hierarchies. Alternative foundation species are now more common than the pre-disturbance primary foundation species, with flow-on effects on wider communities that depend on biogenic habitats. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Montie, Shinae Schiel, David R. Thomsen, Mads S. |
author_facet |
Montie, Shinae Schiel, David R. Thomsen, Mads S. |
author_sort |
Montie, Shinae |
title |
Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves |
title_short |
Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves |
title_full |
Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves |
title_fullStr |
Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves |
title_full_unstemmed |
Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves |
title_sort |
shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/f1145df1-4341-4b61-9697-16f3bf8b274f https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106738 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203430101&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
geographic |
New Zealand |
geographic_facet |
New Zealand |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
Montie , S , Schiel , D R & Thomsen , M S 2024 , ' Shifts in foundation species dominance and altered interaction networks after compounding seismic uplift and extreme marine heatwaves ' , Marine Environmental Research , vol. 202 , 106738 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106738 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106738 |
container_title |
Marine Environmental Research |
container_volume |
202 |
container_start_page |
106738 |
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1812182873343524864 |