The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation?
A previous study has reported that Atlantic cod can be conditioned to detect ultrasonic sound pulses of high intensity. This capability has been proposed as a mean for detection and avoidance of echolocating toothed whales that emit intense ultrasonic clicks. In this study, we use acoustic playbacks...
Published in: | Journal of Experimental Biology |
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ftuniaarhuspubl:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/d64464b0-4821-11dd-917a-000ea68e967b 2023-05-15T15:26:57+02:00 The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? Schack, H.B. Malte, H. Madsen, Peter Teglberg 2008 https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/the-responses-of-atlantic-cod-gadus-morhua-l-to-ultrasoundemitting-predators-stress-behavioural-changes-or-debilitation(d64464b0-4821-11dd-917a-000ea68e967b).html https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.015081 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Schack , H B , Malte , H & Madsen , P T 2008 , ' The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? ' , Journal of Experimental Biology , vol. 211 , pp. 2079-2086 . https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.015081 article 2008 ftuniaarhuspubl https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.015081 2020-07-18T20:50:01Z A previous study has reported that Atlantic cod can be conditioned to detect ultrasonic sound pulses of high intensity. This capability has been proposed as a mean for detection and avoidance of echolocating toothed whales that emit intense ultrasonic clicks. In this study, we use acoustic playbacks to test the hypotheses that unconditioned cod can detect and respond to intense ultrasound from toothed whales and from echosounders. Intense ultrasound exposure of 210 dB re. 1µPa (pp) did not cause a short-term stress response in the form of bradycardia in unconditioned cod. Free-swimming cod exposed to ultrasonic clicks and echosounder pulses with received levels of more than 204 dB re. 1 µPa (pp) did not elicit flight responses as seen in ultrasound detecting Alosinae. Furthermore, we tested the debilitating effects of high intensity ultrasound on swimming cod with no detected changes in swimming ability when exposed to more than 213 dB re. 1 µPa (pp). It is concluded that intense ultrasound exposure induces neither an antipredator nor a stress response in Atlantic cod, and that echosounder pulses and biosonar clicks therefore most probably play no ecophysiological role in wild cod populations. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua toothed whales Aarhus University: Research Journal of Experimental Biology 211 13 2079 2086 |
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Aarhus University: Research |
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ftuniaarhuspubl |
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English |
description |
A previous study has reported that Atlantic cod can be conditioned to detect ultrasonic sound pulses of high intensity. This capability has been proposed as a mean for detection and avoidance of echolocating toothed whales that emit intense ultrasonic clicks. In this study, we use acoustic playbacks to test the hypotheses that unconditioned cod can detect and respond to intense ultrasound from toothed whales and from echosounders. Intense ultrasound exposure of 210 dB re. 1µPa (pp) did not cause a short-term stress response in the form of bradycardia in unconditioned cod. Free-swimming cod exposed to ultrasonic clicks and echosounder pulses with received levels of more than 204 dB re. 1 µPa (pp) did not elicit flight responses as seen in ultrasound detecting Alosinae. Furthermore, we tested the debilitating effects of high intensity ultrasound on swimming cod with no detected changes in swimming ability when exposed to more than 213 dB re. 1 µPa (pp). It is concluded that intense ultrasound exposure induces neither an antipredator nor a stress response in Atlantic cod, and that echosounder pulses and biosonar clicks therefore most probably play no ecophysiological role in wild cod populations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schack, H.B. Malte, H. Madsen, Peter Teglberg |
spellingShingle |
Schack, H.B. Malte, H. Madsen, Peter Teglberg The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? |
author_facet |
Schack, H.B. Malte, H. Madsen, Peter Teglberg |
author_sort |
Schack, H.B. |
title |
The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? |
title_short |
The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? |
title_full |
The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? |
title_fullStr |
The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? |
title_full_unstemmed |
The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? |
title_sort |
responses of atlantic cod ( gadus morhua l.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/the-responses-of-atlantic-cod-gadus-morhua-l-to-ultrasoundemitting-predators-stress-behavioural-changes-or-debilitation(d64464b0-4821-11dd-917a-000ea68e967b).html https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.015081 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua toothed whales |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua toothed whales |
op_source |
Schack , H B , Malte , H & Madsen , P T 2008 , ' The responses of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) to ultrasound-emitting predators: stress, behavioural changes or debilitation? ' , Journal of Experimental Biology , vol. 211 , pp. 2079-2086 . https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.015081 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.015081 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
container_volume |
211 |
container_issue |
13 |
container_start_page |
2079 |
op_container_end_page |
2086 |
_version_ |
1766357419705761792 |