Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach
Snow packs cover large expanses of Earth’s land surface, making them integral components of the cryosphere in terms of past climate and atmospheric proxies, surface albedo regulators, insulators for other Arctic environments and habitats for diverse microbial communities such as algae, bacteria and...
Published in: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2020
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Online Access: | https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/over-winter-microbial-processes-in-a-svalbard-snow-pack(b0c0c533-e2db-4339-8bbe-d62822c198be).html https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086414236&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
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ftuniaarhuspubl:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/b0c0c533-e2db-4339-8bbe-d62822c198be 2023-05-15T13:12:01+02:00 Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach Holland, Alexandra T. Bergk Pinto, Benoît Layton, Rose Williamson, Christopher J. Anesio, Alexandre M. Vogel, Timothy M. Larose, Catherine Tranter, Martyn 2020-05 https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/over-winter-microbial-processes-in-a-svalbard-snow-pack(b0c0c533-e2db-4339-8bbe-d62822c198be).html https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086414236&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Holland , A T , Bergk Pinto , B , Layton , R , Williamson , C J , Anesio , A M , Vogel , T M , Larose , C & Tranter , M 2020 , ' Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack : An Experimental Approach ' , Frontiers in Microbiology , vol. 11 , 1029 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition particulate phosphorus polar winter snow pack article 2020 ftuniaarhuspubl https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 2021-09-22T22:46:28Z Snow packs cover large expanses of Earth’s land surface, making them integral components of the cryosphere in terms of past climate and atmospheric proxies, surface albedo regulators, insulators for other Arctic environments and habitats for diverse microbial communities such as algae, bacteria and fungi. Yet, most of our current understanding of snow pack environments, specifically microbial activity and community interaction, is limited to the main microbial growing season during spring ablation. At present, little is known about microbial activity and its influence on nutrient cycling during the subfreezing temperatures and 24-h darkness of the polar winter. Here, we examined microbial dynamics in a simulated cold (−5°C), dark snow pack to determine polar winter season microbial activity and its dependence on critical nutrients. Snow collected from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard was incubated in the dark over a 5-week period with four different nutrient additions, including glacial mineral particles, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and a combined treatment of DIN plus DIP. Data indicate a consumption of dissolved inorganic nutrients, particularly DIN, by heterotrophic communities, suggesting a potential nitrogen limitation, contradictory to phosphorus limitations found in most aquatic environments. 16S amplicon sequencing also reveal a clear difference in microbial community composition in the particulate mineral treatment compared to dissolved nutrient treatments and controls, suggesting that certain species of heterotrophs living within the snow pack are more likely to associate with particulates. Particulate phosphorus analyses indicate a potential ability of heterotrophic communities to access particulate sources of phosphorous, possibly explaining the lack of phosphorus limitation. These findings have importance for understanding microbial activity during the polar winter season and its potential influences on the abundance and bioavailability of nutrients released to surface ice and downstream environments during the ablation season. Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Svalbard Aarhus University: Research Arctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund Frontiers in Microbiology 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Aarhus University: Research |
op_collection_id |
ftuniaarhuspubl |
language |
English |
topic |
heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition particulate phosphorus polar winter snow pack |
spellingShingle |
heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition particulate phosphorus polar winter snow pack Holland, Alexandra T. Bergk Pinto, Benoît Layton, Rose Williamson, Christopher J. Anesio, Alexandre M. Vogel, Timothy M. Larose, Catherine Tranter, Martyn Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach |
topic_facet |
heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition particulate phosphorus polar winter snow pack |
description |
Snow packs cover large expanses of Earth’s land surface, making them integral components of the cryosphere in terms of past climate and atmospheric proxies, surface albedo regulators, insulators for other Arctic environments and habitats for diverse microbial communities such as algae, bacteria and fungi. Yet, most of our current understanding of snow pack environments, specifically microbial activity and community interaction, is limited to the main microbial growing season during spring ablation. At present, little is known about microbial activity and its influence on nutrient cycling during the subfreezing temperatures and 24-h darkness of the polar winter. Here, we examined microbial dynamics in a simulated cold (−5°C), dark snow pack to determine polar winter season microbial activity and its dependence on critical nutrients. Snow collected from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard was incubated in the dark over a 5-week period with four different nutrient additions, including glacial mineral particles, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and a combined treatment of DIN plus DIP. Data indicate a consumption of dissolved inorganic nutrients, particularly DIN, by heterotrophic communities, suggesting a potential nitrogen limitation, contradictory to phosphorus limitations found in most aquatic environments. 16S amplicon sequencing also reveal a clear difference in microbial community composition in the particulate mineral treatment compared to dissolved nutrient treatments and controls, suggesting that certain species of heterotrophs living within the snow pack are more likely to associate with particulates. Particulate phosphorus analyses indicate a potential ability of heterotrophic communities to access particulate sources of phosphorous, possibly explaining the lack of phosphorus limitation. These findings have importance for understanding microbial activity during the polar winter season and its potential influences on the abundance and bioavailability of nutrients released to surface ice and downstream environments during the ablation season. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Holland, Alexandra T. Bergk Pinto, Benoît Layton, Rose Williamson, Christopher J. Anesio, Alexandre M. Vogel, Timothy M. Larose, Catherine Tranter, Martyn |
author_facet |
Holland, Alexandra T. Bergk Pinto, Benoît Layton, Rose Williamson, Christopher J. Anesio, Alexandre M. Vogel, Timothy M. Larose, Catherine Tranter, Martyn |
author_sort |
Holland, Alexandra T. |
title |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach |
title_short |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach |
title_full |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach |
title_fullStr |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack:An Experimental Approach |
title_sort |
over winter microbial processes in a svalbard snow pack:an experimental approach |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/over-winter-microbial-processes-in-a-svalbard-snow-pack(b0c0c533-e2db-4339-8bbe-d62822c198be).html https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086414236&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund |
genre |
albedo Arctic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Svalbard |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Svalbard |
op_source |
Holland , A T , Bergk Pinto , B , Layton , R , Williamson , C J , Anesio , A M , Vogel , T M , Larose , C & Tranter , M 2020 , ' Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack : An Experimental Approach ' , Frontiers in Microbiology , vol. 11 , 1029 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
11 |
_version_ |
1766250034176720896 |