Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm
With convergent plate boundaries at some distance, the sources of the lithospheric stress field of the North Atlantic Realm are mainly mantle tractions at the base of the lithosphere, lithospheric density structure and topography. Given this, we estimate horizontal deviatoric stresses using a well-e...
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ftuniaarhuspubl:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/9b9273a2-ee16-41e1-925d-671afda5870a 2023-05-15T16:03:42+02:00 Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm Schiffer, Christian Nielsen, Søren Bom 2016-08 https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/implications-for-anomalous-mantle-pressure-and-dynamic-topography-from-lithospheric-stress-patterns-in-the-north-atlantic-realm(9b9273a2-ee16-41e1-925d-671afda5870a).html http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264370716300163 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Schiffer , C & Nielsen , S B 2016 , ' Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm ' , Journal of Geodynamics , vol. 98 , pp. 53-69 . < http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264370716300163 > Geodynamics Lithospheric stress field Thermo-isostatic modelling Gravitational stress Geopotential Energy North Atlantic article 2016 ftuniaarhuspubl 2022-04-27T22:51:07Z With convergent plate boundaries at some distance, the sources of the lithospheric stress field of the North Atlantic Realm are mainly mantle tractions at the base of the lithosphere, lithospheric density structure and topography. Given this, we estimate horizontal deviatoric stresses using a well-established thin sheet model in a global finite element representation. We adjust the lithospheric thickness and the sub-lithospheric pressure iteratively, comparing modelled in plane stress with the observations of the World Stress Map. We find that an anomalous mantle pressure associated with the Iceland and Azores melt anomalies, as well as topography are able to explain the general pattern of the principle horizontal stress directions. The Iceland melt anomaly overprints the classic ridge push perpendicular to the Mid Atlantic ridge and affects the conjugate passive margins in East Greenland more than in western Scandinavia. The dynamic support of topography shows a distinct maximum of c. 1000 m in Iceland and amounts <150 m along the coast of south-western Norway and 250–350 m along the coast of East Greenland. Considering that large areas of the North Atlantic Realm have been estimated to be sub-aerial during the time of break-up, two components of dynamic topography seem to have affected the area: a short-lived, which affected a wider area along the rift system and quickly dissipated after break-up, and a more durable in the close vicinity of Iceland. This is consistent with the appearance of a buoyancy anomaly at the base of the North Atlantic lithosphere at or slightly before continental breakup, relatively fast dissipation of the fringes of this, and continued melt generation below Iceland. Article in Journal/Newspaper East Greenland Greenland Iceland North Atlantic Aarhus University: Research Greenland Mid-Atlantic Ridge Norway |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Aarhus University: Research |
op_collection_id |
ftuniaarhuspubl |
language |
English |
topic |
Geodynamics Lithospheric stress field Thermo-isostatic modelling Gravitational stress Geopotential Energy North Atlantic |
spellingShingle |
Geodynamics Lithospheric stress field Thermo-isostatic modelling Gravitational stress Geopotential Energy North Atlantic Schiffer, Christian Nielsen, Søren Bom Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm |
topic_facet |
Geodynamics Lithospheric stress field Thermo-isostatic modelling Gravitational stress Geopotential Energy North Atlantic |
description |
With convergent plate boundaries at some distance, the sources of the lithospheric stress field of the North Atlantic Realm are mainly mantle tractions at the base of the lithosphere, lithospheric density structure and topography. Given this, we estimate horizontal deviatoric stresses using a well-established thin sheet model in a global finite element representation. We adjust the lithospheric thickness and the sub-lithospheric pressure iteratively, comparing modelled in plane stress with the observations of the World Stress Map. We find that an anomalous mantle pressure associated with the Iceland and Azores melt anomalies, as well as topography are able to explain the general pattern of the principle horizontal stress directions. The Iceland melt anomaly overprints the classic ridge push perpendicular to the Mid Atlantic ridge and affects the conjugate passive margins in East Greenland more than in western Scandinavia. The dynamic support of topography shows a distinct maximum of c. 1000 m in Iceland and amounts <150 m along the coast of south-western Norway and 250–350 m along the coast of East Greenland. Considering that large areas of the North Atlantic Realm have been estimated to be sub-aerial during the time of break-up, two components of dynamic topography seem to have affected the area: a short-lived, which affected a wider area along the rift system and quickly dissipated after break-up, and a more durable in the close vicinity of Iceland. This is consistent with the appearance of a buoyancy anomaly at the base of the North Atlantic lithosphere at or slightly before continental breakup, relatively fast dissipation of the fringes of this, and continued melt generation below Iceland. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schiffer, Christian Nielsen, Søren Bom |
author_facet |
Schiffer, Christian Nielsen, Søren Bom |
author_sort |
Schiffer, Christian |
title |
Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm |
title_short |
Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm |
title_full |
Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm |
title_fullStr |
Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm |
title_full_unstemmed |
Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm |
title_sort |
implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the north atlantic realm |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/implications-for-anomalous-mantle-pressure-and-dynamic-topography-from-lithospheric-stress-patterns-in-the-north-atlantic-realm(9b9273a2-ee16-41e1-925d-671afda5870a).html http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264370716300163 |
geographic |
Greenland Mid-Atlantic Ridge Norway |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Mid-Atlantic Ridge Norway |
genre |
East Greenland Greenland Iceland North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
East Greenland Greenland Iceland North Atlantic |
op_source |
Schiffer , C & Nielsen , S B 2016 , ' Implications for anomalous mantle pressure and dynamic topography from lithospheric stress patterns in the North Atlantic Realm ' , Journal of Geodynamics , vol. 98 , pp. 53-69 . < http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264370716300163 > |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
_version_ |
1766399400387543040 |