Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered...
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Language: | English |
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2017
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Online Access: | https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/875f91cb-d0f8-4519-a54e-28496da54806 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 |
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ftuniaarhuspubl:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/875f91cb-d0f8-4519-a54e-28496da54806 2024-02-11T10:02:13+01:00 Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions Glover, Kevin A. Solberg, Monica F. McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael M. Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Oystein Svasand, Terje 2017-09 https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/875f91cb-d0f8-4519-a54e-28496da54806 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 eng eng https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/875f91cb-d0f8-4519-a54e-28496da54806 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Glover , K A , Solberg , M F , McGinnity , P , Hindar , K , Verspoor , E , Coulson , M W , Hansen , M M , Araki , H , Skaala , O & Svasand , T 2017 , ' Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon : Status of knowledge and unanswered questions ' , Fish and Fisheries , vol. 18 , no. 5 , pp. 890-927 . https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid LOUSE LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS NATURAL RIVER ENVIRONMENT UNINTENDED FITNESS CONSEQUENCES MICROSATELLITE DNA VARIATION GROWTH-HORMONE TRANSGENESIS WESTERN NORWEGIAN FJORD COMMERCIAL FISH FARMS AMEBIC GILL DISEASE SALAR L LOCAL ADAPTATION article 2017 ftuniaarhuspubl https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 2024-01-24T23:59:17Z Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered questions. Native salmon populations are typically genetically distinct from each other and potentially locally adapted. Farmed salmon represent a limited number of wild source populations that have been exposed to 12 generations of domestication. Consequently, farmed and wild salmon differ in many traits including molecular-genetic polymorphisms, growth, morphology, life history, behaviour, physiology and gene transcription. Field experiments have demonstrated that the offspring of farmed salmon display lower lifetime fitness in the wild than wild salmon and that following introgression, there is a reduced production of genetically wild salmon and, potentially, of total salmon production. It is a formidable task to estimate introgression of farmed salmon in wild populations where they are not exotic. New methods have revealed introgression in half of similar to 150 Norwegian populations, with point estimates as high as 47%, and an unweighted average of 6.4% across 109 populations. Outside Norway, introgression remains unquantified, and in all regions, biological changes and the mechanisms driving population-specific impacts remain poorly documented. Nevertheless, existing knowledge shows that the long-term consequences of introgression is expected to lead to changes in life-history traits, reduced population productivity and decreased resilience to future challenges. Only a major reduction in the number of escapees and/or sterility of farmed salmon can eliminate further impacts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Aarhus University: Research Norway Fish and Fisheries 18 5 890 927 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Aarhus University: Research |
op_collection_id |
ftuniaarhuspubl |
language |
English |
topic |
aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid LOUSE LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS NATURAL RIVER ENVIRONMENT UNINTENDED FITNESS CONSEQUENCES MICROSATELLITE DNA VARIATION GROWTH-HORMONE TRANSGENESIS WESTERN NORWEGIAN FJORD COMMERCIAL FISH FARMS AMEBIC GILL DISEASE SALAR L LOCAL ADAPTATION |
spellingShingle |
aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid LOUSE LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS NATURAL RIVER ENVIRONMENT UNINTENDED FITNESS CONSEQUENCES MICROSATELLITE DNA VARIATION GROWTH-HORMONE TRANSGENESIS WESTERN NORWEGIAN FJORD COMMERCIAL FISH FARMS AMEBIC GILL DISEASE SALAR L LOCAL ADAPTATION Glover, Kevin A. Solberg, Monica F. McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael M. Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Oystein Svasand, Terje Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
topic_facet |
aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid LOUSE LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS NATURAL RIVER ENVIRONMENT UNINTENDED FITNESS CONSEQUENCES MICROSATELLITE DNA VARIATION GROWTH-HORMONE TRANSGENESIS WESTERN NORWEGIAN FJORD COMMERCIAL FISH FARMS AMEBIC GILL DISEASE SALAR L LOCAL ADAPTATION |
description |
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered questions. Native salmon populations are typically genetically distinct from each other and potentially locally adapted. Farmed salmon represent a limited number of wild source populations that have been exposed to 12 generations of domestication. Consequently, farmed and wild salmon differ in many traits including molecular-genetic polymorphisms, growth, morphology, life history, behaviour, physiology and gene transcription. Field experiments have demonstrated that the offspring of farmed salmon display lower lifetime fitness in the wild than wild salmon and that following introgression, there is a reduced production of genetically wild salmon and, potentially, of total salmon production. It is a formidable task to estimate introgression of farmed salmon in wild populations where they are not exotic. New methods have revealed introgression in half of similar to 150 Norwegian populations, with point estimates as high as 47%, and an unweighted average of 6.4% across 109 populations. Outside Norway, introgression remains unquantified, and in all regions, biological changes and the mechanisms driving population-specific impacts remain poorly documented. Nevertheless, existing knowledge shows that the long-term consequences of introgression is expected to lead to changes in life-history traits, reduced population productivity and decreased resilience to future challenges. Only a major reduction in the number of escapees and/or sterility of farmed salmon can eliminate further impacts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Glover, Kevin A. Solberg, Monica F. McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael M. Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Oystein Svasand, Terje |
author_facet |
Glover, Kevin A. Solberg, Monica F. McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael M. Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Oystein Svasand, Terje |
author_sort |
Glover, Kevin A. |
title |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_short |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_full |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_fullStr |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon:Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_sort |
half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild atlantic salmon:status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/875f91cb-d0f8-4519-a54e-28496da54806 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Glover , K A , Solberg , M F , McGinnity , P , Hindar , K , Verspoor , E , Coulson , M W , Hansen , M M , Araki , H , Skaala , O & Svasand , T 2017 , ' Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon : Status of knowledge and unanswered questions ' , Fish and Fisheries , vol. 18 , no. 5 , pp. 890-927 . https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 |
op_relation |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/875f91cb-d0f8-4519-a54e-28496da54806 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 |
container_title |
Fish and Fisheries |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
890 |
op_container_end_page |
927 |
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1790598153652666368 |