Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event
Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning-a reversal of the greening trend of the region-and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elu...
Published in: | Environmental Research Letters |
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Language: | English |
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2018
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Online Access: | https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/751ac703-61ae-437d-afd2-14a4fc40e0b5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 https://pure.au.dk/ws/files/128062892/Parmentier_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_065009.pdf |
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ftuniaarhuspubl:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/751ac703-61ae-437d-afd2-14a4fc40e0b5 2024-02-11T10:00:47+01:00 Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Tommervik, Hans Hansen, Georg H. 2018-06 application/pdf https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/751ac703-61ae-437d-afd2-14a4fc40e0b5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 https://pure.au.dk/ws/files/128062892/Parmentier_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_065009.pdf eng eng https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/751ac703-61ae-437d-afd2-14a4fc40e0b5 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Parmentier , F-J W , Rasse , D P , Lund , M , Bjerke , J W , Drake , B G , Weldon , S , Tommervik , H & Hansen , G H 2018 , ' Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event ' , Environmental Research Letters , vol. 13 , no. 6 , 065009 . https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 BALANCE BOREAL PEATLAND CO2 exchange EARTH SYSTEM GROWING-SEASON IMPACTS NORWAY PHENOLOGY TRENDS TUNDRA WARMING EVENTS arctic browning carbon cycle eddy covariance extreme winter event northern ecosystems article 2018 ftuniaarhuspubl https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 2024-01-24T23:59:26Z Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning-a reversal of the greening trend of the region-and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elusive due to a lack of flux measurements from affected ecosystems. In this study, we report eddy covariance fluxes of CO2 from a peatland in northern Norway and show that vegetation CO2 uptake was delayed and reduced in the summer of 2014 following an extreme winter event earlier that year. Strong frost in the absence of a protective snow cover-its combined intensity unprecedented in the local climate record-caused severe dieback of the dwarf shrub species Calluna vulgaris and Empetrum nigrum. Similar vegetation damage was reported at the time along similar to 1000 km of coastal Norway, showing the widespread impact of this event. Our results indicate that gross primary production (GPP) exhibited a delayed response to temperature following snowmelt. From snowmelt up to the peak of summer, this reduced carbon uptake by 14 (0-24) g Cm-2 (similar to 12% of GPP in that period)-similar to the effect of interannual variations in summer weather. Concurrently, remotely-sensed NDVI dropped to the lowest level in more than a decade. However, bulk photosynthesis was eventually stimulated by the warm and sunny summer, raising total GPP. Species other than the vulnerable shrubs were probably resilient to the extreme winter event. The warm summer also increased ecosystem respiration, which limited net carbon uptake. This study shows that damage from a single extreme winter event can have an ecosystem-wide impact on CO2 uptake, and highlights the importance of including winter-induced shrub damage in terrestrial ecosystem models to accurately predict trends in vegetation productivity and carbon sequestration in the Arctic and sub-Arctic. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway Subarctic Tundra Aarhus University: Research Arctic Browning ENVELOPE(164.050,164.050,-74.617,-74.617) Norway Environmental Research Letters 13 6 065009 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Aarhus University: Research |
op_collection_id |
ftuniaarhuspubl |
language |
English |
topic |
BALANCE BOREAL PEATLAND CO2 exchange EARTH SYSTEM GROWING-SEASON IMPACTS NORWAY PHENOLOGY TRENDS TUNDRA WARMING EVENTS arctic browning carbon cycle eddy covariance extreme winter event northern ecosystems |
spellingShingle |
BALANCE BOREAL PEATLAND CO2 exchange EARTH SYSTEM GROWING-SEASON IMPACTS NORWAY PHENOLOGY TRENDS TUNDRA WARMING EVENTS arctic browning carbon cycle eddy covariance extreme winter event northern ecosystems Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Tommervik, Hans Hansen, Georg H. Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
topic_facet |
BALANCE BOREAL PEATLAND CO2 exchange EARTH SYSTEM GROWING-SEASON IMPACTS NORWAY PHENOLOGY TRENDS TUNDRA WARMING EVENTS arctic browning carbon cycle eddy covariance extreme winter event northern ecosystems |
description |
Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning-a reversal of the greening trend of the region-and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elusive due to a lack of flux measurements from affected ecosystems. In this study, we report eddy covariance fluxes of CO2 from a peatland in northern Norway and show that vegetation CO2 uptake was delayed and reduced in the summer of 2014 following an extreme winter event earlier that year. Strong frost in the absence of a protective snow cover-its combined intensity unprecedented in the local climate record-caused severe dieback of the dwarf shrub species Calluna vulgaris and Empetrum nigrum. Similar vegetation damage was reported at the time along similar to 1000 km of coastal Norway, showing the widespread impact of this event. Our results indicate that gross primary production (GPP) exhibited a delayed response to temperature following snowmelt. From snowmelt up to the peak of summer, this reduced carbon uptake by 14 (0-24) g Cm-2 (similar to 12% of GPP in that period)-similar to the effect of interannual variations in summer weather. Concurrently, remotely-sensed NDVI dropped to the lowest level in more than a decade. However, bulk photosynthesis was eventually stimulated by the warm and sunny summer, raising total GPP. Species other than the vulnerable shrubs were probably resilient to the extreme winter event. The warm summer also increased ecosystem respiration, which limited net carbon uptake. This study shows that damage from a single extreme winter event can have an ecosystem-wide impact on CO2 uptake, and highlights the importance of including winter-induced shrub damage in terrestrial ecosystem models to accurately predict trends in vegetation productivity and carbon sequestration in the Arctic and sub-Arctic. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Tommervik, Hans Hansen, Georg H. |
author_facet |
Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Tommervik, Hans Hansen, Georg H. |
author_sort |
Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. |
title |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_short |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_full |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_fullStr |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_sort |
vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/751ac703-61ae-437d-afd2-14a4fc40e0b5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 https://pure.au.dk/ws/files/128062892/Parmentier_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_065009.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(164.050,164.050,-74.617,-74.617) |
geographic |
Arctic Browning Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Browning Norway |
genre |
Arctic Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway Subarctic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway Subarctic Tundra |
op_source |
Parmentier , F-J W , Rasse , D P , Lund , M , Bjerke , J W , Drake , B G , Weldon , S , Tommervik , H & Hansen , G H 2018 , ' Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange o a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event ' , Environmental Research Letters , vol. 13 , no. 6 , 065009 . https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 |
op_relation |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/751ac703-61ae-437d-afd2-14a4fc40e0b5 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
065009 |
_version_ |
1790596491703746560 |