Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013
Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are among the world's highest trophic level marine predators and as such have some of the highest tissue concentrations of organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) among Arctic biota. In this paper we present the results of a three decade (1983-2013) risk assessment of OH...
Published in: | Environment International |
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Language: | English |
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2018
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Online Access: | https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/immunologic-reproductive-and-carcinogenic-risk-assessment-from-pop-exposure-in-east-greenland-polar-bears-ursus-maritimus-during-19832013(0d7b940c-fe9f-47b8-97b6-25db9cd3ff59).html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.020 |
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ftuniaarhuspubl:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/0d7b940c-fe9f-47b8-97b6-25db9cd3ff59 2023-05-15T15:15:06+02:00 Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 Dietz, Rune Desforges, Jean-Pierre Gustavson, Kim Riget, Frank F. Born, Erik W. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian 2018-09 https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/immunologic-reproductive-and-carcinogenic-risk-assessment-from-pop-exposure-in-east-greenland-polar-bears-ursus-maritimus-during-19832013(0d7b940c-fe9f-47b8-97b6-25db9cd3ff59).html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.020 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Dietz , R , Desforges , J-P , Gustavson , K , Riget , F F , Born , E W , Letcher , R J & Sonne , C 2018 , ' Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 ' , Environment International , vol. 118 , pp. 169-178 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.020 Polar bear Ursus maritimus Organohalogen contaminants PBPK modelling Critical body residue Immune suppression Reproductive toxicity Risk quotient PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS CONTAMINANT TRENDS TEMPORAL TRENDS CLIMATE-CHANGE BALTIC SEA PART 1 SUPPRESSION RESISTANCE article 2018 ftuniaarhuspubl https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.020 2023-04-05T22:57:11Z Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are among the world's highest trophic level marine predators and as such have some of the highest tissue concentrations of organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) among Arctic biota. In this paper we present the results of a three decade (1983-2013) risk assessment of OHC exposure and effects on reproduction, immunity, and cancer (genotoxicity) in polar bears from Central East Greenland. Risk of adverse effects are evaluated using a risk quotient (RQ) approach with derivation from measured OHC concentrations in polar bear tissue and critical body residues (CBR) extrapolated for polar bears using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling (PBPK). The additive RQs for all OHCs in polar bears were above the threshold for all effect categories (RQ > 1) in every year, suggesting this population has been at significant and continuous risk of contaminant-mediated effects for over three decades. RQs peaked in 1983 (RQ > 58) and again in 2013 (RQ > 50) after a period of decline. These trends follow Sigma PCB levels during that time, and contributed almost all of the risk to immune, reproductive, and carcinogenic effects (71-99% of total RQ). The recent spike in RQs suggests a major shift in polar bear contaminant exposure from climate related changes in food composition and hereby the increased risk of adverse health effects. In the context of lifetime exposure Sigma PCB and PFOS levels showed the interactive importance of year of birth, age, and emission history. In conclusion, the results indicate that East Greenland polar bears have been exposed to OHC levels over the period of 1983-2013 that potentially and continuously affected individual and theoretically also population health, with a peaking risk in the more recent years. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change East Greenland Greenland Ursus maritimus Aarhus University: Research Arctic Greenland Environment International 118 169 178 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Aarhus University: Research |
op_collection_id |
ftuniaarhuspubl |
language |
English |
topic |
Polar bear Ursus maritimus Organohalogen contaminants PBPK modelling Critical body residue Immune suppression Reproductive toxicity Risk quotient PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS CONTAMINANT TRENDS TEMPORAL TRENDS CLIMATE-CHANGE BALTIC SEA PART 1 SUPPRESSION RESISTANCE |
spellingShingle |
Polar bear Ursus maritimus Organohalogen contaminants PBPK modelling Critical body residue Immune suppression Reproductive toxicity Risk quotient PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS CONTAMINANT TRENDS TEMPORAL TRENDS CLIMATE-CHANGE BALTIC SEA PART 1 SUPPRESSION RESISTANCE Dietz, Rune Desforges, Jean-Pierre Gustavson, Kim Riget, Frank F. Born, Erik W. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 |
topic_facet |
Polar bear Ursus maritimus Organohalogen contaminants PBPK modelling Critical body residue Immune suppression Reproductive toxicity Risk quotient PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS CONTAMINANT TRENDS TEMPORAL TRENDS CLIMATE-CHANGE BALTIC SEA PART 1 SUPPRESSION RESISTANCE |
description |
Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are among the world's highest trophic level marine predators and as such have some of the highest tissue concentrations of organohalogen contaminants (OHCs) among Arctic biota. In this paper we present the results of a three decade (1983-2013) risk assessment of OHC exposure and effects on reproduction, immunity, and cancer (genotoxicity) in polar bears from Central East Greenland. Risk of adverse effects are evaluated using a risk quotient (RQ) approach with derivation from measured OHC concentrations in polar bear tissue and critical body residues (CBR) extrapolated for polar bears using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling (PBPK). The additive RQs for all OHCs in polar bears were above the threshold for all effect categories (RQ > 1) in every year, suggesting this population has been at significant and continuous risk of contaminant-mediated effects for over three decades. RQs peaked in 1983 (RQ > 58) and again in 2013 (RQ > 50) after a period of decline. These trends follow Sigma PCB levels during that time, and contributed almost all of the risk to immune, reproductive, and carcinogenic effects (71-99% of total RQ). The recent spike in RQs suggests a major shift in polar bear contaminant exposure from climate related changes in food composition and hereby the increased risk of adverse health effects. In the context of lifetime exposure Sigma PCB and PFOS levels showed the interactive importance of year of birth, age, and emission history. In conclusion, the results indicate that East Greenland polar bears have been exposed to OHC levels over the period of 1983-2013 that potentially and continuously affected individual and theoretically also population health, with a peaking risk in the more recent years. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dietz, Rune Desforges, Jean-Pierre Gustavson, Kim Riget, Frank F. Born, Erik W. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian |
author_facet |
Dietz, Rune Desforges, Jean-Pierre Gustavson, Kim Riget, Frank F. Born, Erik W. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian |
author_sort |
Dietz, Rune |
title |
Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 |
title_short |
Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 |
title_full |
Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 |
title_fullStr |
Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 |
title_sort |
immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from pop exposure in east greenland polar bears (ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/immunologic-reproductive-and-carcinogenic-risk-assessment-from-pop-exposure-in-east-greenland-polar-bears-ursus-maritimus-during-19832013(0d7b940c-fe9f-47b8-97b6-25db9cd3ff59).html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.020 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Climate change East Greenland Greenland Ursus maritimus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change East Greenland Greenland Ursus maritimus |
op_source |
Dietz , R , Desforges , J-P , Gustavson , K , Riget , F F , Born , E W , Letcher , R J & Sonne , C 2018 , ' Immunologic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risk assessment from POP exposure in East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) during 1983-2013 ' , Environment International , vol. 118 , pp. 169-178 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.020 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.020 |
container_title |
Environment International |
container_volume |
118 |
container_start_page |
169 |
op_container_end_page |
178 |
_version_ |
1766345475717332992 |