Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review
Due to global warming, the highlands of the tropics have become more important for planting fruit trees. The climate at high altitudes is mainly characterized by decreased temperatures and increased solar radiation. A systematic literature review using four bibliographic databases revealed 22 studie...
Published in: | Agronomía Mesoamericana |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias
2022
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Online Access: | https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/101854 |
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ftuncolombiarev:oai:www.revistas.unal.edu.co:article/101854 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia: Portal de Revistas UN |
op_collection_id |
ftuncolombiarev |
language |
English |
topic |
UV radiation temperature fruit development physical quality chemical quality physiological disorder radiación UV temperatura desarrollo del fruto calidad física calidad química desorden fisiológico |
spellingShingle |
UV radiation temperature fruit development physical quality chemical quality physiological disorder radiación UV temperatura desarrollo del fruto calidad física calidad química desorden fisiológico Fischer, Gerhard Parra-Coronado, Alfonso Balaguera-López, Helber Enrique Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review |
topic_facet |
UV radiation temperature fruit development physical quality chemical quality physiological disorder radiación UV temperatura desarrollo del fruto calidad física calidad química desorden fisiológico |
description |
Due to global warming, the highlands of the tropics have become more important for planting fruit trees. The climate at high altitudes is mainly characterized by decreased temperatures and increased solar radiation. A systematic literature review using four bibliographic databases revealed 22 studies that determined fruit quality at two altitudes. With increasing altitude, duration of fruit development was prolonged, and, in most cases, higher fresh weights and sizes were found; however, fruit firmness decreased. The intensity of the fruit color increased because of greater radiation in high areas. Mostly, the total soluble solids of the fleshy fruits augmented with altitude, probably because of an increase in photosynthesis with higher solar radiation. The total acidity did not show a clear trend with increasing elevations. At higher altitudes, the content of antioxidants (mainly phenolics) increased in the fruits, especially in the epidermis as a reaction to the increasing ultraviolet (UV) light. Physiological disorders in the fruits included sunburn and damage caused by low temperatures. Different species and varieties react differently to the conditions of highlands, depending on their origin and whether climatic conditions are optimal for a specific fruit tree. There are no positive effects on fruit quality when altitude is at the limit or above the recommended range for the fruit species. Debido al calentamiento global, las zonas altas de los trópicos han ganado importancia para la siembra de los frutales. El clima en estas áreas se caracteriza principalmente por tener bajas temperaturas y mayor radiación solar. Mediante una revisión de literatura sistemática en cuatro bases de datos bibliográficas se encontraron 22 estudios que determinaron la calidad de los frutos evaluada en mínimo dos altitudes. A mayor altitud el desarrollo del fruto se prolongó y en la mayoría de los casos, se encontró un mayor peso fresco y tamaño, sin embargo, la firmeza del fruto disminuyó. La intensidad del color del fruto ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fischer, Gerhard Parra-Coronado, Alfonso Balaguera-López, Helber Enrique |
author_facet |
Fischer, Gerhard Parra-Coronado, Alfonso Balaguera-López, Helber Enrique |
author_sort |
Fischer, Gerhard |
title |
Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review |
title_short |
Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review |
title_full |
Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review |
title_fullStr |
Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review |
title_sort |
altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the andean tropics of colombia. a review |
publisher |
Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/101854 |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Agronomía Colombiana; Vol. 40 Núm. 2 (2022); 212-227 Agronomía Colombiana; Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022); 212-227 Agronomía Colombiana; v. 40 n. 2 (2022); 212-227 2357-3732 0120-9965 |
op_relation |
https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/101854/84394 Al-Kalbani, B. S., Al-Yahyai, R. A., Al-Sadi, A. M., & Al-Mamari, A-G. H. (2021). Physical and chemical fruit quality attributes of two pomegranate cultivars grown at varying altitudes of Al-Hajar Mountains in Oman. Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, 26(2), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.53541/jams.vol26iss2pp42-50 Ayer, D. B., & Shrestha, G. K. (2018). Altitudinal effects on fruit quality parameters of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck). Nepalese Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 16, 25–29. Azari, R., Tadmor, Y., Meir, A., Reuveni, M., Evenor, D., Nahon, S., Shlomo, H., Chen, L., & Levin, I. (2010). Light signaling genes and their manipulation towards modulation of phytonutrient content in tomato fruits. Biotechnology Advances, 28(1), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.10.003 Balaguera-López, H. E., Fischer, G., & Herrera-Arévalo, A. (2022). Postharvest physicochemical aspects of Campomanesia lineatifolia R. & P. fruit, a Myrtaceae with commercial potential. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 16(2), Article e14185. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i2.14185 Batista-Silva, W., Nascimento, V. L., Medeiros, D. B., Nunes-Nesi, A., Ribeiro, D. M., Zsögön, A., & Araújo, W. L. (2018). Modifications in organic acid profiles during fruit development and ripening: correlation or causation? Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, Article 1689. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01689 Benavides, H. O., Simbaqueva, O., & Zapata, H. J. (2017). Atlas de radiación solar, ultravioleta y ozono de Colombia. Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) y Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME). https://www.andi.com.co//Uploads/RADIACION.compressed.pdf Bonnet, J. G., & Cárdenas, J. F. (2012). Tomate de árbol (Cyphomandra betacea Sendt.). In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 825–850). Produmedios. Brenes-Gamboa, S. (2017). Parámetros de producción y calidad de los cultivares de banano FHIA-17, FHIA-25 y Yangambi. Agronomía Mesoamericana, 28(3), 719–733. https://doi.org/10.15517/ma.v28i3.21902 Buchanan, B. B., Gruissem, W., & Jones, R. L. (2015). Biochemistry and molecular biology of plants (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. Bugaud, C., Chillet, M., Beauté, M. P., & Dubois, C. (2006). Physicochemical analysis of mountain bananas from the French West Indies. Scientia Horticulturae, 108(2), 167–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.01.024 Caldwell, M. M., Bjorn, L. O., Bornman, J. F., Flint, S. D., Kulandaivelu, G., Teramura, A. H., & Tevini, M. (1998). Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on terrestrial ecosystems. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 46(1-3), 40–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(98)00184-5 Caldwell, M. M., Robberecht, R., & Billings, W. D. (1980). A steep latitudinal gradient of solar ultraviolet-B radiation in the Arctic-Alpine life zone. Ecology, 61(3), 600–611. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937426 Campos, T., & Quintero, O. C. (2012). Curuba (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima). In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 421–442). Produmedios. Carillo-Perdomo, E., Aller, A., Cruz-Quintana, S. M., Giampieri, F., & Alvarez-Suarez, J. M. (2015). Andean berries from Ecuador: A review on botany, agronomy, chemistry and health potential. Journal of Berry Research, 5(2), 49–69. https://doi.org/10.3233/JBR-140093 Carvalho, C. P., Bernal, J. E., Velásquez, M. A., & Cartagena, J. R. V. (2015). Fatty acid content of avocados (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) in relation to orchard altitude and fruit maturity stage. Agronomía Colombiana, 33(2), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n2.49902 Casierra-Posada, F. (2007). Fotoinhibición: Respuesta fisiológica de los vegetales al estrés por exceso de luz. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 1(1), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2007v1i1.1150 Cheynier, V., Comte, G., Davies, K. M., Lattanzio, V., & Martens, S. (2013). Plant phenolics: Recent advances on their biosynthesis, genetics, and ecophysiology. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 72, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.009 Cleves Leguízamo, J. A. (2021). Fundamentos técnicos del cultivo del arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) en la región central de Colombia (1st ed.). Editorial de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia-UPTC Corredor, D. (2012). Pitahaya amarilla (Hylocereus megalanthus [K. Schum. ex Vaupel] Ralf Bauer). In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 802–824). Produmedios. Correia, S., Gonçalves, B., Aires, A., Silva, A., Ferreira, L, Carvalho, R., Fernandes, H., Freitas, C., Carnide, V., & Silva, A. P. (2016). Effect of harvest year and altitude on nutritional and biometric characteristics of blueberry cultivars. Journal of Chemistry, 2016, Article 8648609. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8648609 Das, H. P (Ed.). (2012). Agrometeorology in extreme events and natural disasters. CRC Press inc. Duarte, O., & Paull, R. E (Eds.). (2015). Exotic fruits and nuts of the new world. CABI Publishing. https://doi. org/10.1079/9781780645056.0000 Famiani, F., Battistelli, A., Moscatello, S., Cruz-Castillo, J. G., & Walker, R. P. (2015). The organic acids that are accumulated in the flesh of fruits: occurrence, metabolism and factors affecting their contents – a review. Revista Chapingo, Serie Horticultura, 21(2), 97–128. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2015.01.004 Faniadis, D., Drogoudi, P. D., & Vasilakakisa, M. (2010). Effects of cultivar, orchard elevation, and storage on fruit quality characters of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 125(3), 301–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.04.013 Fernández, G. E., Melgarejo, L. M., & Rodríguez, N. A. (2014). Algunos aspectos de la fotosíntesis y potenciales hídricos de la granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) en estado reproductivo en el Huila, Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 8(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2014v8i2.3214 Fischer, G. (2000). Ecophysiological aspects of fruit growing in tropical highlands. Acta Horticulturae, 531, 91–98. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2000.531.13 Fischer, G., Almanza-Merchán, P. J., & Piedrahíta, W. (2012). Brevo (Ficus carica L.). In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 943–952.). Produmedios. Fischer, G., Almanza-Merchán, P. J., & Ramírez, F. (2012a). Source-sink relationships in fruit species: A review. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 6(2), 238–253. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2012v6i2.1980 Fischer, G., Balaguera-López, H. E., & Álvarez-Herrera, J. (2021). Causes of fruit cracking in the era of climate change. A review. Agronomía Colombiana, 39(2), 196–207. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n2.97071 Fischer, G., Balaguera-López, H. E., & Magnitskiy, S. (2021). Review on the ecophysiology of important Andean fruits: Solanaceae. Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica, 24(1), Article e1701. http://doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v24.n1.2021.1701 Fischer, G., Cleves-Leguizamo, J. A., & Balaguera-López, H. E. (2022). Impact of soil temperature on fruit species within climate change scenarios. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 16(1), Article e12769. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.12769 Fischer, G., Ebert, G., & Lüdders, P. (2007). Production, seeds and carbohydrate contents of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruits grown at two contrasting Colombian altitudes. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 81(1), 29–35. Fischer, G., Ebert, G., & Lüdders, P. (2000). Provitamin A carotenoids, organic acids and ascorbic acid content of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) ecotypes grown at two tropical altitudes. Acta Horticulturae, 531, 263–267. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2000.531.43 Fischer, G., & Melgarejo, L. M. (2014). Ecofisiología de la uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.). In C. P. Carvalho, & D. A. Moreno (Eds.), Physalis peruviana: Fruta andina para el mundo (pp. 31–47). Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo – CYTED. Fischer, G., & Melgarejo, L. M. (2020). The ecophysiology of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) - an Andean fruit crop. A review. 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Influence of some environmental factors on the feijoa (Acca sellowiana [Berg] Burret): A review. Agronomía Colombiana 38(3), 388–397. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n3.88982 Fischer, G., Parra-Coronado, A., & Balaguera-López, H. E. (2020). Aspectos del cultivo y de la fisiología de feijoa (Acca sellowiana [Berg] Burret). Una revisión. Ciencia y Agricultura, 17(3), 11–24. https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v17.n3.2020.11386 Fischer, G., Ramírez, F., & Almanza-Merchán, P. J. (2012b). Inducción floral, floración y desarrollo del fruto. In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 120–140). Produmedios. Fischer, G., Ramirez, F., & Casierra-Posada, F. (2016). Ecophysiological aspects of fruit crops in the era of climate change. A review. Agronomía Colombiana, 34(2), 190–199. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v34n2.56799 Freihat, N. M., Al-Shannag, A. K., & El Assi, N. (2008). 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ftuncolombiarev:oai:www.revistas.unal.edu.co:article/101854 2023-05-15T14:28:31+02:00 Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review La altitud como determinante de la calidad del fruto con énfasis en el trópico andino de Colombia. Una revisión Fischer, Gerhard Parra-Coronado, Alfonso Balaguera-López, Helber Enrique 2022-08-30 application/pdf https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/101854 eng eng Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/101854/84394 Al-Kalbani, B. S., Al-Yahyai, R. A., Al-Sadi, A. M., & Al-Mamari, A-G. H. (2021). Physical and chemical fruit quality attributes of two pomegranate cultivars grown at varying altitudes of Al-Hajar Mountains in Oman. Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, 26(2), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.53541/jams.vol26iss2pp42-50 Ayer, D. B., & Shrestha, G. K. (2018). Altitudinal effects on fruit quality parameters of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck). Nepalese Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 16, 25–29. Azari, R., Tadmor, Y., Meir, A., Reuveni, M., Evenor, D., Nahon, S., Shlomo, H., Chen, L., & Levin, I. (2010). Light signaling genes and their manipulation towards modulation of phytonutrient content in tomato fruits. Biotechnology Advances, 28(1), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.10.003 Balaguera-López, H. E., Fischer, G., & Herrera-Arévalo, A. (2022). Postharvest physicochemical aspects of Campomanesia lineatifolia R. & P. fruit, a Myrtaceae with commercial potential. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 16(2), Article e14185. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i2.14185 Batista-Silva, W., Nascimento, V. L., Medeiros, D. B., Nunes-Nesi, A., Ribeiro, D. M., Zsögön, A., & Araújo, W. L. (2018). Modifications in organic acid profiles during fruit development and ripening: correlation or causation? Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, Article 1689. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01689 Benavides, H. O., Simbaqueva, O., & Zapata, H. J. (2017). Atlas de radiación solar, ultravioleta y ozono de Colombia. Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) y Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME). https://www.andi.com.co//Uploads/RADIACION.compressed.pdf Bonnet, J. G., & Cárdenas, J. F. (2012). Tomate de árbol (Cyphomandra betacea Sendt.). In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 825–850). Produmedios. Brenes-Gamboa, S. (2017). Parámetros de producción y calidad de los cultivares de banano FHIA-17, FHIA-25 y Yangambi. Agronomía Mesoamericana, 28(3), 719–733. https://doi.org/10.15517/ma.v28i3.21902 Buchanan, B. B., Gruissem, W., & Jones, R. L. (2015). Biochemistry and molecular biology of plants (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. Bugaud, C., Chillet, M., Beauté, M. P., & Dubois, C. (2006). Physicochemical analysis of mountain bananas from the French West Indies. Scientia Horticulturae, 108(2), 167–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.01.024 Caldwell, M. M., Bjorn, L. O., Bornman, J. F., Flint, S. D., Kulandaivelu, G., Teramura, A. H., & Tevini, M. (1998). Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on terrestrial ecosystems. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 46(1-3), 40–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(98)00184-5 Caldwell, M. M., Robberecht, R., & Billings, W. D. (1980). A steep latitudinal gradient of solar ultraviolet-B radiation in the Arctic-Alpine life zone. Ecology, 61(3), 600–611. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937426 Campos, T., & Quintero, O. C. (2012). Curuba (Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima). In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 421–442). Produmedios. Carillo-Perdomo, E., Aller, A., Cruz-Quintana, S. M., Giampieri, F., & Alvarez-Suarez, J. M. (2015). Andean berries from Ecuador: A review on botany, agronomy, chemistry and health potential. Journal of Berry Research, 5(2), 49–69. https://doi.org/10.3233/JBR-140093 Carvalho, C. P., Bernal, J. E., Velásquez, M. A., & Cartagena, J. R. V. (2015). Fatty acid content of avocados (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) in relation to orchard altitude and fruit maturity stage. Agronomía Colombiana, 33(2), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n2.49902 Casierra-Posada, F. (2007). Fotoinhibición: Respuesta fisiológica de los vegetales al estrés por exceso de luz. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 1(1), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2007v1i1.1150 Cheynier, V., Comte, G., Davies, K. M., Lattanzio, V., & Martens, S. (2013). Plant phenolics: Recent advances on their biosynthesis, genetics, and ecophysiology. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 72, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.009 Cleves Leguízamo, J. A. (2021). Fundamentos técnicos del cultivo del arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) en la región central de Colombia (1st ed.). Editorial de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia-UPTC Corredor, D. (2012). Pitahaya amarilla (Hylocereus megalanthus [K. Schum. ex Vaupel] Ralf Bauer). In G. Fischer (Ed.), Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico (pp. 802–824). Produmedios. Correia, S., Gonçalves, B., Aires, A., Silva, A., Ferreira, L, Carvalho, R., Fernandes, H., Freitas, C., Carnide, V., & Silva, A. P. (2016). Effect of harvest year and altitude on nutritional and biometric characteristics of blueberry cultivars. Journal of Chemistry, 2016, Article 8648609. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8648609 Das, H. P (Ed.). (2012). Agrometeorology in extreme events and natural disasters. CRC Press inc. Duarte, O., & Paull, R. E (Eds.). (2015). Exotic fruits and nuts of the new world. CABI Publishing. https://doi. org/10.1079/9781780645056.0000 Famiani, F., Battistelli, A., Moscatello, S., Cruz-Castillo, J. G., & Walker, R. P. (2015). The organic acids that are accumulated in the flesh of fruits: occurrence, metabolism and factors affecting their contents – a review. Revista Chapingo, Serie Horticultura, 21(2), 97–128. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2015.01.004 Faniadis, D., Drogoudi, P. D., & Vasilakakisa, M. (2010). Effects of cultivar, orchard elevation, and storage on fruit quality characters of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 125(3), 301–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.04.013 Fernández, G. E., Melgarejo, L. M., & Rodríguez, N. A. (2014). Algunos aspectos de la fotosíntesis y potenciales hídricos de la granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) en estado reproductivo en el Huila, Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 8(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2014v8i2.3214 Fischer, G. (2000). 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Trends in Plant Science, 18(2), 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2012.09.003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 CC-BY-NC-SA Agronomía Colombiana; Vol. 40 Núm. 2 (2022); 212-227 Agronomía Colombiana; Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022); 212-227 Agronomía Colombiana; v. 40 n. 2 (2022); 212-227 2357-3732 0120-9965 UV radiation temperature fruit development physical quality chemical quality physiological disorder radiación UV temperatura desarrollo del fruto calidad física calidad química desorden fisiológico info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2022 ftuncolombiarev https://doi.org/10.15517/ma.v28i3.21902 https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2007v1i1.1150 https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2000.531.13 https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000335 2022-12-14T08:59:12Z Due to global warming, the highlands of the tropics have become more important for planting fruit trees. The climate at high altitudes is mainly characterized by decreased temperatures and increased solar radiation. A systematic literature review using four bibliographic databases revealed 22 studies that determined fruit quality at two altitudes. With increasing altitude, duration of fruit development was prolonged, and, in most cases, higher fresh weights and sizes were found; however, fruit firmness decreased. The intensity of the fruit color increased because of greater radiation in high areas. Mostly, the total soluble solids of the fleshy fruits augmented with altitude, probably because of an increase in photosynthesis with higher solar radiation. The total acidity did not show a clear trend with increasing elevations. At higher altitudes, the content of antioxidants (mainly phenolics) increased in the fruits, especially in the epidermis as a reaction to the increasing ultraviolet (UV) light. Physiological disorders in the fruits included sunburn and damage caused by low temperatures. Different species and varieties react differently to the conditions of highlands, depending on their origin and whether climatic conditions are optimal for a specific fruit tree. There are no positive effects on fruit quality when altitude is at the limit or above the recommended range for the fruit species. Debido al calentamiento global, las zonas altas de los trópicos han ganado importancia para la siembra de los frutales. El clima en estas áreas se caracteriza principalmente por tener bajas temperaturas y mayor radiación solar. Mediante una revisión de literatura sistemática en cuatro bases de datos bibliográficas se encontraron 22 estudios que determinaron la calidad de los frutos evaluada en mínimo dos altitudes. A mayor altitud el desarrollo del fruto se prolongó y en la mayoría de los casos, se encontró un mayor peso fresco y tamaño, sin embargo, la firmeza del fruto disminuyó. La intensidad del color del fruto ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Universidad Nacional de Colombia: Portal de Revistas UN Agronomía Mesoamericana 28 3 719 |