Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia

Coastal refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (~21,000 years ago) have been hypothesized at high latitudes in the North Atlantic, suggesting marine populations persisted through cycles of glaciation and are potentially adapted to local environments. Here, whole-genome sequencing was used to test w...

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Published in:Molecular Ecology
Main Authors: Bringloe, TT, Fort, A, Inaba, M, Sulpice, R, Ghriofa, CN, Mols-Mortensen, A, Filbee-Dexter, K, Vieira, C, Kawai, H, Hanyuda, T, Krause-Jensen, D, Olesen, B, Starko, S, Verbruggen, H
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: WILEY 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/11343/335965
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spelling ftumelbourne:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/335965 2024-06-02T08:06:23+00:00 Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia Bringloe, TT Fort, A Inaba, M Sulpice, R Ghriofa, CN Mols-Mortensen, A Filbee-Dexter, K Vieira, C Kawai, H Hanyuda, T Krause-Jensen, D Olesen, B Starko, S Verbruggen, H 2022-12 http://hdl.handle.net/11343/335965 English eng WILEY issn:0962-1083 doi:10.1111/mec.16714 Bringloe, T. T., Fort, A., Inaba, M., Sulpice, R., Ghriofa, C. N., Mols-Mortensen, A., Filbee-Dexter, K., Vieira, C., Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Krause-Jensen, D., Olesen, B., Starko, S. & Verbruggen, H. (2022). Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia. MOLECULAR ECOLOGY, 31 (24), pp.6473-6488. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16714. 1365-294X http://hdl.handle.net/11343/335965 CC BY-NC-ND https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Journal Article 2022 ftumelbourne https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16714 2024-05-06T14:08:46Z Coastal refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (~21,000 years ago) have been hypothesized at high latitudes in the North Atlantic, suggesting marine populations persisted through cycles of glaciation and are potentially adapted to local environments. Here, whole-genome sequencing was used to test whether North Atlantic marine coastal populations of the kelp Alaria esculenta survived in the area of southwestern Greenland during the Last Glacial Maximum. We present the first annotated genome for A. esculenta and call variant positions in 54 individuals from populations in Atlantic Canada, Greenland, Faroe Islands, Norway and Ireland. Differentiation across populations was reflected in ~1.9 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, which further revealed mixed ancestry in the Faroe Islands individuals between putative Greenlandic and European lineages. Time-calibrated organellar phylogenies suggested Greenlandic populations were established during the last interglacial period more than 100,000 years ago, and that the Faroe Islands population was probably established following the Last Glacial Maximum. Patterns in population statistics, including nucleotide diversity, minor allele frequencies, heterozygosity and linkage disequilibrium decay, nonetheless suggested glaciation reduced Canadian Atlantic and Greenlandic populations to small effective sizes during the most recent glaciation. Functional differentiation was further reflected in exon read coverage, which revealed expansions unique to Greenland in 337 exons representing 162 genes, and a modest degree of exon loss (103 exons from 56 genes). Altogether, our genomic results provide strong evidence that A. esculenta populations were resilient to past climatic fluctuations related to glaciations and that high-latitude populations are potentially already adapted to local conditions as a result. Article in Journal/Newspaper Faroe Islands Greenland greenlandic North Atlantic The University of Melbourne: Digital Repository Canada Faroe Islands Greenland Norway Molecular Ecology 31 24 6473 6488
institution Open Polar
collection The University of Melbourne: Digital Repository
op_collection_id ftumelbourne
language English
description Coastal refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (~21,000 years ago) have been hypothesized at high latitudes in the North Atlantic, suggesting marine populations persisted through cycles of glaciation and are potentially adapted to local environments. Here, whole-genome sequencing was used to test whether North Atlantic marine coastal populations of the kelp Alaria esculenta survived in the area of southwestern Greenland during the Last Glacial Maximum. We present the first annotated genome for A. esculenta and call variant positions in 54 individuals from populations in Atlantic Canada, Greenland, Faroe Islands, Norway and Ireland. Differentiation across populations was reflected in ~1.9 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, which further revealed mixed ancestry in the Faroe Islands individuals between putative Greenlandic and European lineages. Time-calibrated organellar phylogenies suggested Greenlandic populations were established during the last interglacial period more than 100,000 years ago, and that the Faroe Islands population was probably established following the Last Glacial Maximum. Patterns in population statistics, including nucleotide diversity, minor allele frequencies, heterozygosity and linkage disequilibrium decay, nonetheless suggested glaciation reduced Canadian Atlantic and Greenlandic populations to small effective sizes during the most recent glaciation. Functional differentiation was further reflected in exon read coverage, which revealed expansions unique to Greenland in 337 exons representing 162 genes, and a modest degree of exon loss (103 exons from 56 genes). Altogether, our genomic results provide strong evidence that A. esculenta populations were resilient to past climatic fluctuations related to glaciations and that high-latitude populations are potentially already adapted to local conditions as a result.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Bringloe, TT
Fort, A
Inaba, M
Sulpice, R
Ghriofa, CN
Mols-Mortensen, A
Filbee-Dexter, K
Vieira, C
Kawai, H
Hanyuda, T
Krause-Jensen, D
Olesen, B
Starko, S
Verbruggen, H
spellingShingle Bringloe, TT
Fort, A
Inaba, M
Sulpice, R
Ghriofa, CN
Mols-Mortensen, A
Filbee-Dexter, K
Vieira, C
Kawai, H
Hanyuda, T
Krause-Jensen, D
Olesen, B
Starko, S
Verbruggen, H
Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia
author_facet Bringloe, TT
Fort, A
Inaba, M
Sulpice, R
Ghriofa, CN
Mols-Mortensen, A
Filbee-Dexter, K
Vieira, C
Kawai, H
Hanyuda, T
Krause-Jensen, D
Olesen, B
Starko, S
Verbruggen, H
author_sort Bringloe, TT
title Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia
title_short Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia
title_full Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia
title_fullStr Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia
title_full_unstemmed Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia
title_sort whole genome population structure of north atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia
publisher WILEY
publishDate 2022
url http://hdl.handle.net/11343/335965
geographic Canada
Faroe Islands
Greenland
Norway
geographic_facet Canada
Faroe Islands
Greenland
Norway
genre Faroe Islands
Greenland
greenlandic
North Atlantic
genre_facet Faroe Islands
Greenland
greenlandic
North Atlantic
op_relation issn:0962-1083
doi:10.1111/mec.16714
Bringloe, T. T., Fort, A., Inaba, M., Sulpice, R., Ghriofa, C. N., Mols-Mortensen, A., Filbee-Dexter, K., Vieira, C., Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Krause-Jensen, D., Olesen, B., Starko, S. & Verbruggen, H. (2022). Whole genome population structure of North Atlantic kelp confirms high-latitude glacial refugia. MOLECULAR ECOLOGY, 31 (24), pp.6473-6488. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16714.
1365-294X
http://hdl.handle.net/11343/335965
op_rights CC BY-NC-ND
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16714
container_title Molecular Ecology
container_volume 31
container_issue 24
container_start_page 6473
op_container_end_page 6488
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