The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976
Models of port development have hitherto concentrated on landward communications and the organization of maritime space in their explanation of changes in port location and activity. This study demonstrates that the level of economic development in hinterlands together with industrial and marine tec...
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Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten
1981
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ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-62937 2023-10-09T21:54:39+02:00 The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 Layton, Ian G. 1981 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-62937 eng eng Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten Umeå : Umeå universitet Geographical reports, 0349-4683 6 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-62937 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess communications patterns economic development export trade forest-based industries historical geography industrial location northern sweden port evolution ports transport technology Social and Economic Geography Social och ekonomisk geografi Doctoral thesis, monograph info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis text 1981 ftumeauniv 2023-09-22T13:48:23Z Models of port development have hitherto concentrated on landward communications and the organization of maritime space in their explanation of changes in port location and activity. This study demonstrates that the level of economic development in hinterlands together with industrial and marine technology are also significant factors and indeed play leading roles in the process of port evolution. For a deeper understanding of the process of port evolution the case of Upper Norrland's ports has been investigated. An analysis of changes in port distribution since 1750 reveals two main processes: dispersion followed by concentration. The growth in the number of ports and loading places prior to 1885 was not regular but stepwise, with two rapid increases related to the relaxation of mercantile restrictions, laissez-faire policies and the diffusion of new industrial activities. The fall in port numbers also corresponds to industrial changes and large-scale rationalizations of industry and transport systems have taken place in association with the economic changes following the two World Wars. The innovation and subsequent decline of new types of forest-based industries appear as a series of waves when their numbers are graphed. Charcoal ironworks, fine-blade water-driven sawmills, steam-powered saws, pulp mills, wallboard factories and paper mills demonstrate the succession of industrial and technological innovations. Clearly, the demand for the products of these industries, their shipping requirements and the physical needs and economics of contemporary transport have been the dominant factors in Upper Norrland's port development. On the basis of these changes, the evolution of the region's port system has been synthesized into the Upper Norrland model. Land communications have nevertheless had an important part to play in sustaining port dominance at the mouths of the major river valleys, which have acted as corridors of penetration. This investigation shows that these gateway ports had achieved significance ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Northern Sweden Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftumeauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
communications patterns economic development export trade forest-based industries historical geography industrial location northern sweden port evolution ports transport technology Social and Economic Geography Social och ekonomisk geografi |
spellingShingle |
communications patterns economic development export trade forest-based industries historical geography industrial location northern sweden port evolution ports transport technology Social and Economic Geography Social och ekonomisk geografi Layton, Ian G. The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 |
topic_facet |
communications patterns economic development export trade forest-based industries historical geography industrial location northern sweden port evolution ports transport technology Social and Economic Geography Social och ekonomisk geografi |
description |
Models of port development have hitherto concentrated on landward communications and the organization of maritime space in their explanation of changes in port location and activity. This study demonstrates that the level of economic development in hinterlands together with industrial and marine technology are also significant factors and indeed play leading roles in the process of port evolution. For a deeper understanding of the process of port evolution the case of Upper Norrland's ports has been investigated. An analysis of changes in port distribution since 1750 reveals two main processes: dispersion followed by concentration. The growth in the number of ports and loading places prior to 1885 was not regular but stepwise, with two rapid increases related to the relaxation of mercantile restrictions, laissez-faire policies and the diffusion of new industrial activities. The fall in port numbers also corresponds to industrial changes and large-scale rationalizations of industry and transport systems have taken place in association with the economic changes following the two World Wars. The innovation and subsequent decline of new types of forest-based industries appear as a series of waves when their numbers are graphed. Charcoal ironworks, fine-blade water-driven sawmills, steam-powered saws, pulp mills, wallboard factories and paper mills demonstrate the succession of industrial and technological innovations. Clearly, the demand for the products of these industries, their shipping requirements and the physical needs and economics of contemporary transport have been the dominant factors in Upper Norrland's port development. On the basis of these changes, the evolution of the region's port system has been synthesized into the Upper Norrland model. Land communications have nevertheless had an important part to play in sustaining port dominance at the mouths of the major river valleys, which have acted as corridors of penetration. This investigation shows that these gateway ports had achieved significance ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Layton, Ian G. |
author_facet |
Layton, Ian G. |
author_sort |
Layton, Ian G. |
title |
The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 |
title_short |
The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 |
title_full |
The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 |
title_fullStr |
The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 |
title_full_unstemmed |
The evolution of upper Norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 |
title_sort |
evolution of upper norrland's ports and loading places 1750-1976 |
publisher |
Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten |
publishDate |
1981 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-62937 |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_relation |
Geographical reports, 0349-4683 6 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-62937 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1779318318607368192 |