Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines
Objective The prevalence of obesity and related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, and the Asian Indian population seems to be particularly susceptible to developing T2DM, even at a low body mass index (BMI). In Sweden, the age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes h...
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ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-49398 2023-10-09T21:54:32+02:00 Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines Lilja, Mikael 2011 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-49398 eng eng Allmänmedicin Umeå : Umeå University Umeå University medical dissertations, 0346-6612 1449 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-49398 urn:isbn:978-91-7459-276-4 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Type 2 diabetes leptin adiponectin obesity abdominal obesity epidemiology ethnicity fasting glucose post-load glucose Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis text 2011 ftumeauniv 2023-09-22T13:51:48Z Objective The prevalence of obesity and related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, and the Asian Indian population seems to be particularly susceptible to developing T2DM, even at a low body mass index (BMI). In Sweden, the age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes has not increased despite increasing self-reported obesity. However, modern data on the prevalence of obesity and T2DM in Scandinavia are absent.The biochemical links between obesity and subsequent T2DM are unknown, but the adipocyte-derived hormones leptin and adiponectin (adipokines) have been suggested as potential links because they both are related to insulin and glucose physiology. Some studies have found leptin to be an independent predictor of T2DM in men but not in women, although these results are inconsistent. In contrast, adiponectin has more consistently been linked to development of T2DM in both men and women. Furthermore, the leptin–adiponectin ratio may predict incident T2DM better than either of the two hormones separately.The aims of this thesis were to describe time trends in obesity and T2DM in northern Sweden, to evaluate leptin and adiponectin as predictors of deterioration in glucose metabolism including T2DM, and to evaluate leptin as a risk marker regarding ethnic differences, circ-annual variation, and intra-individual stability. Materials and methods Three large population surveys were used, the Northern Sweden MONICA (MONitoring of Trends and Determinants in CArdiovascular Disease) study, the Västerbotten Intervention Programme (VIP), and the Mauritius Non-Communicable Disease Study. Within the MONICA study, six cross-sectional surveys were performed in Sweden’s two northernmost counties, Norrbotten and Västerbotten, between 1986 and 2009. A total of 1000 men and 1000 women ages 25–64 years, also including from 1994 250 men and 250 women ages 65–74 years, were independently chosen for each survey. The overall participation rate was 75%. In 1999, a reinvestigation was performed in 74% of all ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Northern Sweden Norrbotten Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) Indian |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftumeauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Type 2 diabetes leptin adiponectin obesity abdominal obesity epidemiology ethnicity fasting glucose post-load glucose Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap |
spellingShingle |
Type 2 diabetes leptin adiponectin obesity abdominal obesity epidemiology ethnicity fasting glucose post-load glucose Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Lilja, Mikael Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines |
topic_facet |
Type 2 diabetes leptin adiponectin obesity abdominal obesity epidemiology ethnicity fasting glucose post-load glucose Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap |
description |
Objective The prevalence of obesity and related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, and the Asian Indian population seems to be particularly susceptible to developing T2DM, even at a low body mass index (BMI). In Sweden, the age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes has not increased despite increasing self-reported obesity. However, modern data on the prevalence of obesity and T2DM in Scandinavia are absent.The biochemical links between obesity and subsequent T2DM are unknown, but the adipocyte-derived hormones leptin and adiponectin (adipokines) have been suggested as potential links because they both are related to insulin and glucose physiology. Some studies have found leptin to be an independent predictor of T2DM in men but not in women, although these results are inconsistent. In contrast, adiponectin has more consistently been linked to development of T2DM in both men and women. Furthermore, the leptin–adiponectin ratio may predict incident T2DM better than either of the two hormones separately.The aims of this thesis were to describe time trends in obesity and T2DM in northern Sweden, to evaluate leptin and adiponectin as predictors of deterioration in glucose metabolism including T2DM, and to evaluate leptin as a risk marker regarding ethnic differences, circ-annual variation, and intra-individual stability. Materials and methods Three large population surveys were used, the Northern Sweden MONICA (MONitoring of Trends and Determinants in CArdiovascular Disease) study, the Västerbotten Intervention Programme (VIP), and the Mauritius Non-Communicable Disease Study. Within the MONICA study, six cross-sectional surveys were performed in Sweden’s two northernmost counties, Norrbotten and Västerbotten, between 1986 and 2009. A total of 1000 men and 1000 women ages 25–64 years, also including from 1994 250 men and 250 women ages 65–74 years, were independently chosen for each survey. The overall participation rate was 75%. In 1999, a reinvestigation was performed in 74% of all ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Lilja, Mikael |
author_facet |
Lilja, Mikael |
author_sort |
Lilja, Mikael |
title |
Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines |
title_short |
Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines |
title_full |
Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines |
title_fullStr |
Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines |
title_full_unstemmed |
Trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines |
title_sort |
trends in obesity and type 2 diabetes : ethnic aspects and links to adipokines |
publisher |
Allmänmedicin |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-49398 |
geographic |
Indian |
geographic_facet |
Indian |
genre |
Northern Sweden Norrbotten |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden Norrbotten |
op_relation |
Umeå University medical dissertations, 0346-6612 1449 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-49398 urn:isbn:978-91-7459-276-4 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1779318127031484416 |