Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants
Background Excess adipose tissue and low physical activity are two major determinants for chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Understanding these relationships requires accurate and precise measures of body composition and physical activity, and most existing observa...
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ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-43770 2023-10-09T21:54:38+02:00 Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants Validering och tillämpning av objektiva mätmetoder för obesitas och fysisk aktiviet : studier av gravida och icke-gravida vuxna och av spädbarn Gradmark, Anna 2011 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43770 eng eng Medicin Umeå : Umeå Universitet Umeå University medical dissertations, 0346-6612 1422 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43770 urn:isbn:978-91-7459-216-0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess physical activity validation body composition abdominal adipose tissue methods accelerometer pregnancy insulin sensitivity offspring Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis text 2011 ftumeauniv 2023-09-22T13:49:30Z Background Excess adipose tissue and low physical activity are two major determinants for chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Understanding these relationships requires accurate and precise measures of body composition and physical activity, and most existing observational studies lack such measures. Paper I to III in this thesis addresses the validity of measures of physical activity and abdominal adipose mass. In paper IV and V, we explore the relationships between obesity and physical activity on metabolic health in non-pregnant and pregnant women and their offspring. Methods and Results Two hundred men and women representative of the Northern Sweden EPIC cohort were recruited for Paper I. A questionnaire on physical activity (PAQ) was validated against objectively measured physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE). A categorical physical activity index (Cambridge index) calculated from PAQ showed strongest correlation with PAEE (r=0.33 p<0.05). In Paper II, abdominal adiposity were assessed in 29 adult men and women using anthropometric measurements, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and ultrasound and were compared to computed tomography (CT). Waist circumference showed the highest correlation with CT-assessed visceral (r=0.85, p<0.0001) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (r=0.86, p<0.0001). Adipose thickness was best assessed with ultrasound. In Paper III, the validity of a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer was assessed in 32 pregnant and 74 non-pregnant women using double-labeled water method (DLW) as the criterion measure. The output from the accelerometer explained 24% (p <0.001) of the variation in PAEE in non-pregnant and 11% (p<0.05) in the pregnant women. In Paper IV, 35 pregnant and 73 non-pregnant women underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test and habitual energy expenditure and physical activity was assessed objectively. Total physical activity was inversely associated with early insulin response in both pregnant (r=-0.47, p=0.007) and ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Northern Sweden Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
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Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) |
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physical activity validation body composition abdominal adipose tissue methods accelerometer pregnancy insulin sensitivity offspring |
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physical activity validation body composition abdominal adipose tissue methods accelerometer pregnancy insulin sensitivity offspring Gradmark, Anna Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants |
topic_facet |
physical activity validation body composition abdominal adipose tissue methods accelerometer pregnancy insulin sensitivity offspring |
description |
Background Excess adipose tissue and low physical activity are two major determinants for chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Understanding these relationships requires accurate and precise measures of body composition and physical activity, and most existing observational studies lack such measures. Paper I to III in this thesis addresses the validity of measures of physical activity and abdominal adipose mass. In paper IV and V, we explore the relationships between obesity and physical activity on metabolic health in non-pregnant and pregnant women and their offspring. Methods and Results Two hundred men and women representative of the Northern Sweden EPIC cohort were recruited for Paper I. A questionnaire on physical activity (PAQ) was validated against objectively measured physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE). A categorical physical activity index (Cambridge index) calculated from PAQ showed strongest correlation with PAEE (r=0.33 p<0.05). In Paper II, abdominal adiposity were assessed in 29 adult men and women using anthropometric measurements, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and ultrasound and were compared to computed tomography (CT). Waist circumference showed the highest correlation with CT-assessed visceral (r=0.85, p<0.0001) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (r=0.86, p<0.0001). Adipose thickness was best assessed with ultrasound. In Paper III, the validity of a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer was assessed in 32 pregnant and 74 non-pregnant women using double-labeled water method (DLW) as the criterion measure. The output from the accelerometer explained 24% (p <0.001) of the variation in PAEE in non-pregnant and 11% (p<0.05) in the pregnant women. In Paper IV, 35 pregnant and 73 non-pregnant women underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test and habitual energy expenditure and physical activity was assessed objectively. Total physical activity was inversely associated with early insulin response in both pregnant (r=-0.47, p=0.007) and ... |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Gradmark, Anna |
author_facet |
Gradmark, Anna |
author_sort |
Gradmark, Anna |
title |
Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants |
title_short |
Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants |
title_full |
Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants |
title_fullStr |
Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants |
title_sort |
validation and application of objective measures of obesity and physical activity : studies in pregnant and non-pregnant adults and in infants |
publisher |
Medicin |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43770 |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_relation |
Umeå University medical dissertations, 0346-6612 1422 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43770 urn:isbn:978-91-7459-216-0 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1779318287158476800 |