Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra
Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems are large reservoirs of organic carbon1,2. Climate warming may stimulate ecosystem respiration and release carbon into the atmosphere3,4. The magnitude and persistency of this stimulation and the environmental mechanisms that drive its variation remain uncertain5â...
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Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap
2024
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Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-223836 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7 |
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Climate Research Klimatforskning Maes, S.L. Dietrich, J. Midolo, G. Schwieger, S. Kummu, M. Vandvik, V. Aerts, R. Althuizen, I.H.J. Biasi, C. Björk, R.G. Böhner, H. Carbognani, M. Chiari, G. Christiansen, C.T. Clemmensen, K.E. Cooper, E.J. Cornelissen, J.H.C. Elberling, B. Faubert, P. Fetcher, N. Forte, T.G.W. Gaudard, J. Gavazov, K. Guan, Z. Guðmundsson, J. Gya, R. Hallin, S. Hansen, B.B. Haugum, S.V. He, J.-S. Hicks Pries, C. Hovenden, M.J. Jalava, M. Jónsdóttir, I.S. Juhanson, J. Jung, J.Y. Kaarlejärvi, E. Kwon, M.J. Lamprecht, R.E. Le Moullec, M. Lee, H. Marushchak, M.E. Michelsen, A. Munir, T.M. Myrsky, E.M. Nielsen, C.S. Nyberg, M. Olofsson, J. Óskarsson, H. Parker, T.C. Pedersen, E.P. Petit Bon, M. Petraglia, A. Raundrup, K. Ravn, N.M.R. Rinnan, R. Rodenhizer, H. Ryde, I. Schmidt, N.M. Schuur, E.A.G. Sjögersten, S. Stark, S. Strack, M. Tang, J. Tolvanen, A. Töpper, J.P. Väisänen, M.K. van Logtestijn, R.S.P. Voigt, C. Walz, J. Weedon, J.T. Yang, Y. Ylänne, H. Björkman, M.P. Sarneel, J. M. Dorrepaal, E. Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra |
topic_facet |
Climate Research Klimatforskning |
description |
Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems are large reservoirs of organic carbon1,2. Climate warming may stimulate ecosystem respiration and release carbon into the atmosphere3,4. The magnitude and persistency of this stimulation and the environmental mechanisms that drive its variation remain uncertain5–7. This hampers the accuracy of global land carbon–climate feedback projections7,8. Here we synthesize 136 datasets from 56 open-top chamber in situ warming experiments located at 28 arctic and alpine tundra sites which have been running for less than 1 year up to 25 years. We show that a mean rise of 1.4 °C [confidence interval (CI) 0.9–2.0 °C] in air and 0.4 °C [CI 0.2–0.7 °C] in soil temperature results in an increase in growing season ecosystem respiration by 30% [CI 22–38%] (n = 136). Our findings indicate that the stimulation of ecosystem respiration was due to increases in both plant-related and microbial respiration (n = 9) and continued for at least 25 years (n = 136). The magnitude of the warming effects on respiration was driven by variation in warming-induced changes in local soil conditions, that is, changes in total nitrogen concentration and pH and by context-dependent spatial variation in these conditions, in particular total nitrogen concentration and the carbon:nitrogen ratio. Tundra sites with stronger nitrogen limitations and sites in which warming had stimulated plant and microbial nutrient turnover seemed particularly sensitive in their respiration response to warming. The results highlight the importance of local soil conditions and warming-induced changes therein for future climatic impacts on respiration. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Maes, S.L. Dietrich, J. Midolo, G. Schwieger, S. Kummu, M. Vandvik, V. Aerts, R. Althuizen, I.H.J. Biasi, C. Björk, R.G. Böhner, H. Carbognani, M. Chiari, G. Christiansen, C.T. Clemmensen, K.E. Cooper, E.J. Cornelissen, J.H.C. Elberling, B. Faubert, P. Fetcher, N. Forte, T.G.W. Gaudard, J. Gavazov, K. Guan, Z. Guðmundsson, J. Gya, R. Hallin, S. Hansen, B.B. Haugum, S.V. He, J.-S. Hicks Pries, C. Hovenden, M.J. Jalava, M. Jónsdóttir, I.S. Juhanson, J. Jung, J.Y. Kaarlejärvi, E. Kwon, M.J. Lamprecht, R.E. Le Moullec, M. Lee, H. Marushchak, M.E. Michelsen, A. Munir, T.M. Myrsky, E.M. Nielsen, C.S. Nyberg, M. Olofsson, J. Óskarsson, H. Parker, T.C. Pedersen, E.P. Petit Bon, M. Petraglia, A. Raundrup, K. Ravn, N.M.R. Rinnan, R. Rodenhizer, H. Ryde, I. Schmidt, N.M. Schuur, E.A.G. Sjögersten, S. Stark, S. Strack, M. Tang, J. Tolvanen, A. Töpper, J.P. Väisänen, M.K. van Logtestijn, R.S.P. Voigt, C. Walz, J. Weedon, J.T. Yang, Y. Ylänne, H. Björkman, M.P. Sarneel, J. M. Dorrepaal, E. |
author_facet |
Maes, S.L. Dietrich, J. Midolo, G. Schwieger, S. Kummu, M. Vandvik, V. Aerts, R. Althuizen, I.H.J. Biasi, C. Björk, R.G. Böhner, H. Carbognani, M. Chiari, G. Christiansen, C.T. Clemmensen, K.E. Cooper, E.J. Cornelissen, J.H.C. Elberling, B. Faubert, P. Fetcher, N. Forte, T.G.W. Gaudard, J. Gavazov, K. Guan, Z. Guðmundsson, J. Gya, R. Hallin, S. Hansen, B.B. Haugum, S.V. He, J.-S. Hicks Pries, C. Hovenden, M.J. Jalava, M. Jónsdóttir, I.S. Juhanson, J. Jung, J.Y. Kaarlejärvi, E. Kwon, M.J. Lamprecht, R.E. Le Moullec, M. Lee, H. Marushchak, M.E. Michelsen, A. Munir, T.M. Myrsky, E.M. Nielsen, C.S. Nyberg, M. Olofsson, J. Óskarsson, H. Parker, T.C. Pedersen, E.P. Petit Bon, M. Petraglia, A. Raundrup, K. Ravn, N.M.R. Rinnan, R. Rodenhizer, H. Ryde, I. Schmidt, N.M. Schuur, E.A.G. Sjögersten, S. Stark, S. Strack, M. Tang, J. Tolvanen, A. Töpper, J.P. Väisänen, M.K. van Logtestijn, R.S.P. Voigt, C. Walz, J. Weedon, J.T. Yang, Y. Ylänne, H. Björkman, M.P. Sarneel, J. M. Dorrepaal, E. |
author_sort |
Maes, S.L. |
title |
Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra |
title_short |
Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra |
title_full |
Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra |
title_fullStr |
Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra |
title_sort |
environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra |
publisher |
Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-223836 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7 |
genre |
Arctic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Tundra |
op_relation |
Nature, 0028-0836, 2024 orcid:0000-0002-6206-7150 orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 orcid:0000-0002-0715-8738 orcid:0000-0001-6187-499x orcid:0000-0002-0523-2471 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-223836 doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7 Scopus 2-s2.0-85190691054 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7 |
container_title |
Nature |
container_volume |
629 |
container_issue |
8010 |
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105 |
op_container_end_page |
113 |
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1799474905502187520 |
spelling |
ftumeauniv:oai:DiVA.org:umu-223836 2024-05-19T07:35:53+00:00 Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra Maes, S.L. Dietrich, J. Midolo, G. Schwieger, S. Kummu, M. Vandvik, V. Aerts, R. Althuizen, I.H.J. Biasi, C. Björk, R.G. Böhner, H. Carbognani, M. Chiari, G. Christiansen, C.T. Clemmensen, K.E. Cooper, E.J. Cornelissen, J.H.C. Elberling, B. Faubert, P. Fetcher, N. Forte, T.G.W. Gaudard, J. Gavazov, K. Guan, Z. Guðmundsson, J. Gya, R. Hallin, S. Hansen, B.B. Haugum, S.V. He, J.-S. Hicks Pries, C. Hovenden, M.J. Jalava, M. Jónsdóttir, I.S. Juhanson, J. Jung, J.Y. Kaarlejärvi, E. Kwon, M.J. Lamprecht, R.E. Le Moullec, M. Lee, H. Marushchak, M.E. Michelsen, A. Munir, T.M. Myrsky, E.M. Nielsen, C.S. Nyberg, M. Olofsson, J. Óskarsson, H. Parker, T.C. Pedersen, E.P. Petit Bon, M. Petraglia, A. Raundrup, K. Ravn, N.M.R. Rinnan, R. Rodenhizer, H. Ryde, I. Schmidt, N.M. Schuur, E.A.G. Sjögersten, S. Stark, S. Strack, M. Tang, J. Tolvanen, A. Töpper, J.P. Väisänen, M.K. van Logtestijn, R.S.P. Voigt, C. Walz, J. Weedon, J.T. Yang, Y. Ylänne, H. Björkman, M.P. Sarneel, J. M. Dorrepaal, E. 2024 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-223836 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7 eng eng UmeÃ¥ universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap Forest Ecology and Management Group (FORECOMAN), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Spatial Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic Water and development research group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; NORCE Climate and Environment, Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT—the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Carbone Boréal, Département des Sciences Fondamentales Nature, 0028-0836, 2024 orcid:0000-0002-6206-7150 orcid:0000-0002-6943-1218 orcid:0000-0002-0715-8738 orcid:0000-0001-6187-499x orcid:0000-0002-0523-2471 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-223836 doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7 Scopus 2-s2.0-85190691054 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Climate Research Klimatforskning Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2024 ftumeauniv https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7 2024-04-30T23:35:21Z Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems are large reservoirs of organic carbon1,2. Climate warming may stimulate ecosystem respiration and release carbon into the atmosphere3,4. The magnitude and persistency of this stimulation and the environmental mechanisms that drive its variation remain uncertain5–7. This hampers the accuracy of global land carbon–climate feedback projections7,8. Here we synthesize 136 datasets from 56 open-top chamber in situ warming experiments located at 28 arctic and alpine tundra sites which have been running for less than 1 year up to 25 years. We show that a mean rise of 1.4 °C [confidence interval (CI) 0.9–2.0 °C] in air and 0.4 °C [CI 0.2–0.7 °C] in soil temperature results in an increase in growing season ecosystem respiration by 30% [CI 22–38%] (n = 136). Our findings indicate that the stimulation of ecosystem respiration was due to increases in both plant-related and microbial respiration (n = 9) and continued for at least 25 years (n = 136). The magnitude of the warming effects on respiration was driven by variation in warming-induced changes in local soil conditions, that is, changes in total nitrogen concentration and pH and by context-dependent spatial variation in these conditions, in particular total nitrogen concentration and the carbon:nitrogen ratio. Tundra sites with stronger nitrogen limitations and sites in which warming had stimulated plant and microbial nutrient turnover seemed particularly sensitive in their respiration response to warming. The results highlight the importance of local soil conditions and warming-induced changes therein for future climatic impacts on respiration. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Tundra Umeå University: Publications (DiVA) Nature 629 8010 105 113 |